Sempervirine inhibits proliferation, invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells and induces ultrastructural changes in vivo.

Ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest gynecological malignancies due to its late diagnosis and easy recurrence. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel therapeutics for ovarian cancer treatment. In this study, we evaluated the anti-ovarian cancer effects of sempervirine in vitro and in vivo.

Cognitive control in individuals with heroin use disorder after prolonged methadone maintenance treatment.

Background: Although impaired cognitive control is common during the acute detoxification phase of substance use disorders (SUD) and is considered a major cause of relapse, it remains unclear after prolonged methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The aim of the present study was to elucidate cognitive control in individuals with heroin use disorder (HUD) after prolonged MMT and its association with previous relapse.

Methods: A total of 63 HUD subjects (41 subjects with previous relapse and 22 non-relapse subjects, mean MMT duration: 12.

Whole slide image based deep learning refines prognosis and therapeutic response evaluation in lung adenocarcinoma.

Existing prognostic models are useful for estimating the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients, but there remains room for improvement. In the current study, we developed a deep learning model based on histopathological images to predict the recurrence risk of lung adenocarcinoma patients. The efficiency of the model was then evaluated in independent multicenter cohorts.

Redox regulation of TRIM28 facilitates neuronal ferroptosis by promoting SUMOylation and inhibiting OPTN-selective autophagic degradation of ACSL4.

Ferroptosis is one of the cell death programs occurring after spinal cord injury (SCI) and is driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation. However, little is known about its underlying regulation mechanism. The present study demonstrated that lipid peroxidation was promoted in patients with SCI.

YAP/TEAD4/SP1-induced VISTA expression as a tumor cell-intrinsic mechanism of immunosuppression in colorectal cancer.

Hyperactivation of the YAP/TEAD transcriptional complex in cancers facilitates the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Herein, we observed that the transcription factor SP1 physically interacts with and stabilizes the YAP/TEAD complex at regulatory genomic loci in colorectal cancer (CRC). In response to serum stimulation, PKCζ (protein kinase C ζ) was found to phosphorylate SP1 and enhance its interaction with TEAD4.

Pharmacomicrobiomics: a new field contributing to optimizing drug therapy in Parkinson's disease.

Gut microbiota, which act as a determinant of pharmacokinetics, have long been overlooked. In recent years, a growing body of evidence indicates that the gut microbiota influence drug metabolism and efficacy. Conversely, drugs also exert a substantial influence on the function and composition of the gut microbiota.

Unleashing the potency of multi-segmental DCIA flap in mandibular reconstruction with the aid of virtual surgery- A retrospective cohort study.

Although the deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) flap is a mainstay in mandibular reconstruction, its multi-segmental utilization is infrequently reported, primarily due to concerns regarding the variable cutaneous component and potentially inadequate vascular supply to multi-block segments. This retrospective study analyzed the outcomes of 86 patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction with multi-segmental DCIA flaps, compared to 167 patients who received conventional single-segmental flaps. The survival rate for multi-segmental flaps was comparable to that of single-segmental flaps (100% vs.

The whole life cycle myopia management.

Myopia stands as a prevalent ocular condition with global implications, impacting individuals at various life stages. In school-age children and adolescents, uncorrected myopia impedes reading and academic performance. Among middle-aged and elderly populations, myopia poses severe risks such as macular degeneration, macular holes and retinal detachment, leading to irreversible visual impairment.

Effects of Electroacupuncture Per-Conditioning at Huantiao on Motor Function Recovery in Acute Cerebral Ischemia Mice.

Background: Continuous electroacupuncture pre-conditioning (EPRC) and post-conditioning (EPOC) effectively improve motor dysfunction after acute cerebral ischemia, but they require multiple treatments. Recently, electroacupuncture per-conditioning (EPEC) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects, indicating that this single-session intervention has short-term efficacy.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of EPEC at Huantiao (GB30) on motor recovery in acute cerebral ischemia mice.

Design and synthesis of fluorinated polyimides with low thermal expansion and enhanced dielectric properties.

Modern microelectronics industries urgently require dielectric materials with low thermal expansion coefficients, low dielectric constants, and minimal dielectric loss. However, the design principles of materials with low dielectric constants and low thermal expansion are contradictory. In this study, a new diamine monomer containing a dibenzocyclooctadiene unit (DBCOD-NH) was designed and synthesized, which was subsequently polymerized with high fluorine content 4,4'-hexafluoroisopr-opylidene diphthalic anhydride and 4,4'-diamino-2,2'-bis(trifleoromethyl)biphenyl to obtain a series of fluorinated polyimides (PIs).

Fractional Spinon Quasiparticles in Open-Shell Triangulene Spin-1/2 Chains.

The emergence of spinon quasiparticles, which carry spin but lack charge, is a hallmark of collective quantum phenomena in low-dimensional quantum spin systems. While the existence of spinons has been demonstrated through scattering spectroscopy in ensemble samples, real-space imaging of these quasiparticles within individual spin chains has remained elusive. In this study, we construct individual Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 chains using open-shell [2]triangulene molecules as building blocks.

UV-Resistant Nanostructured Anti-reflective Film for Achieving Efficiency Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells and Potential of Fabricating Large-Scale Cu(In, Ga)Se Solar Cells.

Sticker-type transparent antireflective film (STAF) is applied to perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to reduce the reflection and improve the light-trapping ability of PSCs. However, the development of STAF is hindered by many factors, such as expensive materials, low actual service life, unsatisfactory antireflective effect, and a lack of research on stability. This work proposes an ultraviolet (UV)-resistant enhanced sticker-type nanostructure acrylic resin antireflective film (SNAAF), which is applied to the incident surface of PSCs.

Risk Prediction Model of Peristomal Skin Complications Among Patients with Colorectal Cancer and an Ostomy: A Cross-sectional Study in Shanghai, China.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors for peristomal skin complications (PSCs) in patients with colorectal cancer and an ostomy, construct a prediction model, and verify its effectiveness.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, researchers recruited 265 patients with an ostomy at the stoma clinic of a tertiary hospital, from May 2022 to August 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: complications group (n = 81) and no complications group (n = 184).

Inhibition of mitochondrial energy production leads to reorganization of the plant endomembrane system.

Mitochondria have generated the bulk of ATP to fuel cellular activities, including membrane trafficking, since the beginning of eukaryogenesis. How inhibition of mitochondrial energy production will affect the form and function of the endomembrane system and whether such changes are specific in today's cells remain unclear. Here, we treated Arabidopsis thaliana with antimycin A (AA), a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC), as well as other mETC inhibitors and an uncoupler.

Transition Metal-Coordinated Polymer Achieves Stable Seawater Oxidation over NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide.

Seawater electrolysis has emerged as a promising approach for the generation of hydrogen energy, but the production of deleterious chlorine derivatives (e.g., chloride and hypochlorite) presents a significant challenge due to the severe corrosion at the anode.

Optimal Neutron Spectrum Database for In-reactor Pu Production.

Plutonium-238 (Pu) is a scarce heat-source radioisotope used in nuclear batteries, which is produced by in-reactor irradiation of Americium-241 (Am) or Neptunium-237 (Np). Optimizing the neutron spectrum can improve the production efficiency of Pu, but currently, it is still a lack of knowledge about the optimal neutron spectrum for Pu production. Genetic algorithms and burnup algorithms are combined to identify optimal neutron spectra for Pu production under various irradiation times and flux levels, and build an optimal neutron spectrum database, which answers the questions "What is the optimal neutron spectrum for Pu production?" and "What is the maximum efficiency for Pu production" once and for all.

Finite element modeling of clavicle fracture fixations: a systematic scoping review.

Finite element analysis has become indispensable for biomechanical research on clavicle fractures. This review summarized evidence regarding configurations and applications of finite element analysis in clavicle fracture fixation. Seventeen articles involving 22 clavicles were synthesized from CINAHL, Embase, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

tRNA m1A modification regulates cholesterol biosynthesis to promote antitumor immunity of CD8+ T cells.

Activation of CD8+ T cells necessitates rapid metabolic reprogramming to fulfill the substantial biosynthetic demands of effector functions. However, the posttranscriptional mechanisms underpinning this process remain obscure. The transfer RNA (tRNA) N1-methyladenine (m1A) modification, essential for tRNA stability and protein translation, has an undefined physiological function in CD8+ T cells, particularly in antitumor responses.

Symmetry Breaking: Case Studies with Organic Cage-Racemates.

ConspectusSymmetry is a pervasive phenomenon spanning diverse fields, from art and architecture to mathematics and science. In the scientific realms, symmetry reveals fundamental laws, while symmetry breaking─the collapse of certain symmetry─is the underlying cause of phenomena. Research on symmetry and symmetry breaking consistently provides valuable insights across disciplines, from parity violation in physics to the origin of homochirality in biology.

mSphere of Influence: Seeking the unseen fungi in tumors.

Ningning Liu works in the field of fungal infection and cancer progression, with a particular focus on the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction. In this mSphere of influence article, he reflects on how papers entitled "The fungal mycobiome promotes pancreatic oncogenesis via activation of MBL," by B. Aykut, S.

A Novel Polymersome Nanocarrier Promotes Anti-Tumour Immunity by Improved Priming of CD8 T Cells.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies, in addition to standard immuno- or chemotherapy and surgical approaches, have massively improved the outcome for cancer patients. However, these therapies have their limitations and improved strategies, including access to reliable cancer vaccines, are needed.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 upregulation in keratinocytes of oral lichen planus via c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway activation.

Background/purpose: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by basement membrane disruption, which plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of proteolytic enzymes, contribute to the degradation of the basement membrane. The specific MMPs secreted by keratinocytes in OLP lesions and relevant regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood.

A scientometric study of syphilis research by dermatologists and stomatologists: Underpinning their roles in public health.

Background/purpose: launched a call to action for dermatologists in the rise of syphilis. In practice, dermatologists and stomatologists perform early diagnoses of syphilis and refer patients to adequate treatment.

Materials And Methods: This scientometric study aimed to investigate and compare research trends and characteristics of syphilis publications by dermatologists and stomatologists in the Scopus database, with emphasis on the analysis of the keywords that can reflect research directions and topics of concern.

A scientometric study on research trends and characteristics of oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus.

Background/purpose: Oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral lichen planus (OLP) represent two common oral potentially malignant disorders. It would be interesting to know scientific output and characteristics of studies on OLK and OLP.

Materials And Methods: This study aimed to investigate and compare scientometric characteristics of articles on OLK and OLP in the Scopus database, with emphasis on the analysis of the keywords that can reflect research directions and topics of concern.

A scientometric study on research trends and characteristics of discoid lupus erythematosus.

Background/purpose: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) serves as an interdisciplinary disease involved in dermatology and stomatology in many cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the scientometric characteristics and research trends of DLE.

Materials And Methods: All the papers on DLE were comprehensively retrieved from the Scopus database.