A Retrospective Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Naldemedine for Treatment of Opioid-Induced Constipation in Patients with Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Cancer.

: Opioid analgesics, which are used for cancer-related pain management, cause opioid-induced constipation (OIC). Naldemedine, a peripheral opioid receptor antagonist, is an OIC-modifying agent, but no focused efficacy and safety analysis has been conducted for its use in hepatobiliary pancreatic cancers. We performed a multi-institutional study on the efficacy and safety of naldemedine in patients with hepatobiliary pancreatic cancer using opioids in clinical practice.

Efficacy and Safety of Naldemedine Administration for Opioid-Induced Constipation in Cancer Patients with Poor Performance Status.

Constipation is a concern among patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 3 and 4. To assess naldemedine's efficacy and safety in cancer patients on opioids with poor PS. Multicenter, retrospective study.

A retrospective study of the efficacy and safety of naldemedine for opioid-induced constipation in thoracic cancer patients.

Background: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study on the efficacy and safety of naldemedine in thoracic cancer patients using opioids in clinical practice.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated thoracic cancer patients treated with naldemedine at 10 institutions in Japan. Clinical data of patients administered naldemedine between June 2017 and August 2019 were extracted from electronic medical records.

Efficacy and Safety of Naldemedine for Patients with Cancer with Opioid-Induced Constipation in Clinical Practice: A Real-World Retrospective Study.

The efficacy and safety of naldemedine for opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer has not been investigated in clinical practice. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to assess the effects of naldemedine among 10 Japanese institutions between June 2017 and August 2019. We evaluated the number of defecations 7 days before and after naldemedine administration.

Real-World Patient Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of Naldemedine for the Treatment of Opioid-Induced Constipation in Patients with Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Chart Review Study.

: Naldemedine is a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonist that improves opioid-induced constipation. Although clinical trials have excluded patients with poor performance status (PS) and those started on naldemedine early after opioid initiation, clinical practice has used naldemedine for the same patients. Therefore, we investigated the treatment patterns of naldemedine in a real-world setting.

Collagenase Injection Therapy Improves Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Dupuytren's Disease.

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the changes in clinical and psychosocial outcomes in patients with Dupuytren's disease after initial treatment with collagenase (CCH) injection.

Methods: This study involved 14 patients with Dupuytren's disease who underwent treatment with CCH injection. The range of motion of each phalangeal joint was measured before treatment and at 6 months posttreatment.

New physician specialty training system impact on distribution of trainees in Japan.

Objectives: The problem of uneven distribution of medical services and inequitable distribution of physicians is drawing much attention worldwide. Revealing how changes in the specialty training system in Japan have affected the distribution of doctors could help us understand this problem. In 2018, a new and standardized specialty training system was implemented by the Japanese Medical Specialty Board, which is recognized by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare.

Successful Endovascular Therapy in an Elderly Patient with Severe Hemorrhage Caused by Traumatic Injury.

An 85-year-old female suffered pelvic fracture, multiple rib fractures, right hemopneumothorax, and blunt abdominal aortic injury in a traffic accident. After transfer to our hospital, transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) was performed immediately for hemorrhage from the bilateral internal iliac arteries. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) after TAE showed an increase of hematoma and extravasation at the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta.

Fibrous encapsulation of the peritoneal catheter in peritoneal shunt: Case report.

Background: The authors report a case of fibrous encapsulation of the peritoneal catheter, which caused peritoneal shunt malfunction, and has not previously been researched well as a complication of peritoneal shunts.

Case Description: A 69-year-old woman who had undergone a lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt for communicative hydrocephalus following subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm was identified with malfunction of the LP shunt system by dementia and gait disturbance. Hydrocephalus was revealed on computed tomography (CT).

Bone turnover markers and the factors associated with atypical femur fractures among Japanese patients.

Many previous reports have indicated that atypical femur fractures (AFFs) are associated with the administration of bisphosphonates (BPs). A number of risk factors and hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of AFFs have been reported to date. The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors associated with AFFs in Japanese individuals and to elucidate the association between bone metabolism and AFFs by evaluating bone turnover markers (BTMs).

Optimal step-down approach for pediatric asthma controlled by salmeterol/fluticasone: A randomized, controlled trial (OSCAR study).

Background: Several guidelines, including the Japanese Pediatric Guideline for the Treatment and Management of Asthma (JPGL), recommend salmeterol/fluticasone combination therapy (SFC) as step 3 to 4 treatment for moderate to severe asthma. However, the optimal step-down approach to SFC remains unclear. In the current study, we examined step-down approaches in asthmatic children whose symptoms had been stabilized by SFC 100/200 μg/day.

Prospective multicenter case-control study of telemedicine for home medical care.

We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the combined use of remote medical services for patients with stroke, cancer, neuromuscular diseases, and other conditions, who are being cared for at home. This study was conducted as a part of a multicenter joint trial supported by the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant for the 'Comparative Study of the home telemedicine in Japan'.

[Partial penectomy for penile cancer in a centenarian man].

A 100-year-old man visited our hospital with a complaint of penile tumor formation with bleeding and pain. The tumor was 5cm in long diameter with an irregular surface, and extended from the glans via the coronal sulcus to the dorsal surface of the preputium. The clinical diagnosis was stage I penile cancer, and partial penectomy was performed.

Development of postpartum Graves' disease and type 1 diabetes after delivery in a patient with gestational diabetes.

Pregnancy and the postpartum period are associated with changes of the immune system. These changes might eventually result in autoimmune diseases, such as Graves' disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus, in the postpartum period. We describe a case of a patient with gestational diabetes who developed both Graves' disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus in the postpartum period.

[A case report of urinary extravasation by renal trauma Grade III successfully managed by percutaneous drainage].

A 30-year-old man was diagnosed with renal trauma Grade a and hospitalized on February 22, 2009. There was no apparent stenosis from the renal pelvis to ureter on pyelography, but computed tomography demonstrated urinary extravasation on March 2. An indwelling drainage catheter was placed percutaneously by an ultrasound-guided approach.

[Cae of double cancer involving of the bladder and prostate which was treated by radical cystectomy 8 years after radical prostatectomy].

A 66-year-old man was diagnosed as having prostate cancer (T2aN0M0) and neoadjuvant hormone therapy was started from 17 February 1995. During observation, superficial bladder cancer was incidentally found and the first transurethral resection was carried out on 21 June 1995. Radical prostatectomy was performed on 8 May 1996.

[Primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder: a case report].

We report a case of primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder. A 72-year old woman complaining of low abdominal pain was admitted to the Tone Central Hospital in February, 2001. Macrohematuria appeared, and the submucosal tumor was observed by cystoscopy, and A Transurethral bladder biopsy led to a histopathological diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (diffuse lymphoma, large-sized cell type, B-cell type).

Determinants of prognosis of acute transverse myelitis in children.

Background: Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a severe disorder; recovery requires several months and often leaves neurologic residua. To determine what features of patients with acute transverse myelitis significantly influence prognosis, the authors reviewed reports of ATM in Japanese children published in the last 15 years (from 1987 to 2001).

Methods: The authors studied reports of 50 Japanese patients (17 boys, 26 girls, 7 children of unspecified sex; mean age +/- SD, 8.

Linear lupus erythematosus profundus on the scalp following the lines of Blaschko.

We describe a 10-year-old Japanese girl presenting linear alopecia on the scalp and forehead. Histological examination showed fat degeneration with mucin deposit and periappendageal infiltrate of mononuclear cells. We diagnosed her as having linear lupus erythematodes profundus with a linear configuration following the lines of Blaschko.

A case of hypersensitivity syndrome due to phenytoin.

We report a 30-year-old female with hypersensitivity syndrome (HS) due to phenytoin. Her disease course was typical with elevation of the antibody titer for human herpes virus 6. Three courses of methylpredonisolone pulse therapy were required to control the disease activity.

Unilateral generalized morphea in childhood.

We report a 6-year-old boy with unilateral generalized morphea distributing on the right side of his lower leg, trunk, and upper arm. A skin biopsy from the right thigh showed accumulation of thick collagen bundles extending from the middle dermis to the subcutaneous fat tissue. The levels of antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, and anti single-stranded DNA antibody were elevated.

Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema associated with fatal interstitial pneumonia in dermatomyositis.

We described a 65-year-old woman who died of acute interstitial pneumonia associated with dermatomyositis. Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum simultaneously developed. The association of the pulmonary rupture with vasculitis has been assumed as the common cause in interstitial pneumonia.