Dose-dependent effects and specificity of action of antibodies to endogenous regulators in ultralow doses.

We studied the effects of antibodies against interferon-gamma, erythropoietin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in ultralow doses on the production of endogenous interferon-gamma. Course peroral treatment with potentiated antibodies to interferon-gamma in various dilutions produced similar changes in experimental animals. The treatment stimulated spontaneous production of endogenous interferon-gamma by mouse lymphocytes.

Oxygen-dependent processes in monocytes and metabolic risk factors for atherogenesis.

Oxygen-dependent processes in peripheral blood monocytes were intensified in patients with metabolic cardiovascular syndrome. This was manifested in increased production of O(2)(*-) and NO. Among metabolic factors (cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose, etc.

In vitro formation of mesenchymal bone marrow islets.

We studied the formation of mesenchymal islets in the culture of bone marrow cells in vitro. Islet-like structures detected on day 6 of culturing contained a central epithelioid cell (differing from macrophages and fibroblasts) surrounded with round mesenchymal cells. The number of mesenchymal islets increased on days 12-14 of culturing, but decreased to zero by the 24th day.

Morphological and functional peculiarities of lymphoid cells in mice of different strains.

We revealed differences in quantitative composition and functional activity of lymphoid cells in intact mice of different strains. Cellularity and counts of lymphoid elements in hemopoietic and lymphoid organs, proliferative activity of T and B lymphocytes, and counts of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the spleen were minimum in CC57W and Balb/c mice and maximum in CBA/CaLac and DBA/2 mice. The highest absolute content of lymphoid elements in the spleen was detected in Balb/c mice, while CC57W mice had the highest content of these elements in the thymus.

NO-generating compounds modify tumoritoxic effect of doxorubicin.

The effects of NO-generating compounds on the tumoritoxic effect of doxorubicin was evaluated by changes in DNA synthesis and apoptotic death of Ehrlich adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. NO donors significantly inhibited the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin, which manifested in activation of DNA synthesis and decreased induction of apoptosis. Presumably, NO acts a factor protecting tumor cell DNA from the damaging effect of doxorubicin.

Morphological and functional state of rat ovaries in early and late periods after administration of platinum cytostatics.

Experiments on Wistar rats showed that cisplatin and carboplatin induced similar morphological alterations in the ovaries. Both agents reduced the number of structural and functional elements, but the effect of cisplatin was more pronounced. Morphological changes observed in the early period after injection of the preparations were accompanied by prolongation of the estrous cycle, which was longer in rats treated with carboplatin.

Local mechanisms underlying the regulatory effect of Kropanol on hemopoiesis during paradoxical sleep deprivation.

We studied the effect of Kropanol on local regulatory mechanisms of hemopoiesis during paradoxical sleep deprivation. The regulatory effect of Kropanol on granulomonocytopoiesis was determined by increased binding capacity of stromal cells in relation to granulocyte-macrophage precursors and increased formation of mixed hemopoietic islets leading to accelerated maturation of granulocyte-macrophage precursors and hyperplasia of the granulomonocytic hemopoietic stem. Stimulation of erythropoiesis with Kropanol was associated with increased formation of erythroid hemopoietic islets, accelerated differentiation of erythroid precursors, and high content of erythroid cells in the bone marrow.

Effect of Noolit, a novel lithium preparation, on electrophysiological activity of rat cerebral cortex.

The effects of lithium carbonate and Noolit, a novel lithium enterosorbent, on electrophysiological activity of cerebral cortex in rats were compared. Both agents potentiated the theta-, alpha-, and beta-rhythms and modified the response to rhythmic flash stimulation from potentiation to inhibition of cerebral rhythms. Moreover, these drugs increased dispersion of all rhythms.

Role of humoral factors in the regulation of hemopoiesis during immobilization stress.

Experiments were performed on CBA/CaLac mice with hyperplasia of hemopoiesis induced by 10-h immobilization. Erythropoietic and colony-stimulating activity increased under the influence of hemopoietic growth factors and other humoral substances, which plays a major role in the increase in bone marrow cellularity during immobilization stress. Erythropoietin stimulated proliferation of erythroid colony-forming units, while granulocyte colony-stimulating factor accelerated maturation of granulocyte precursors.

[Stimulation of the delta 1-receptors help to decrease reperfusion induced myocardial stunning].

In vivo or in vitro administration of a omega 1 receptor agonist d-SKF 10,047 (1 mg/kg intravenously or 10 mg/l in vitro) promoted an increase in the resistance of isolated perfused rat heart to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Both in vivo and in vitro stimulation of omega receptors prevents development of reperfusion contracture and release of creatine kinase and increases the developed pressure, double product, +dP/dt, and -dP/dt in the left ventricle. Activation of omega receptors has no significant effect on the occurrence of reperfusion arrhythmias ex vivo.

[Structure of the gene pool of eastern Ukrainians from Y-chromosome haplogroups].

Y chromosomes from representative sample of Eastern Ukrainians (94 individuals) were analyzed for composition and frequencies of haplogroups, defined by 11 biallelic loci located in non-recombining part of the chromosome (SRY1532, YAP, 92R7, DYF155S2, 12f2, Tat, M9, M17, M25, M89, and M56). In the Ukrainian gene, pool six haplogroups were revealed: E, F (including G and I), J, N3, P, and R1a1. These haplogroups were earlier detected in a study of Y-chromosome diversity on the territory of Europe as a whole.

Effect of opiate peptide dalargin and des-Tyr-dalargin on cardiac pump function during ischemia-reperfusion.

Experiments on isolated perfused rat heart showed that nonselective micro- and delta-opiate receptor agonist dalargin decreased contractility of the intact heart, but had no effect on pump function of the ischemic myocardium. Dalargin analogue des-Tyr-dalargin not binding to opiate receptors decreased contractility of intact myocardium and isolated heart exposed to 45-min total ischemia. We hypothesize that the influence of dalargin is related to activation of cardiac delta-opiate receptors, while the inotropic effect of des-Tyr-dalargin is mediated by other receptors.

Volume-dependent regulation of Ca2+-activated potassium channels in erythrocytes from healthy donors and patients with type II diabetes mellitus aggravated by arterial hypertension.

Increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration caused by calcium ionophore A23187 or ascorbate+phenazine methosulphate electron donor system added to erythrocyte suspension induced similar shifts in erythrocyte membrane potential. These processes are most likely mediated by Ca2+-activated potassium channels. Changes in the osmolarity of the incubation medium produced opposite effects on membrane hyperpolarization induced by A23187 or ascorbate+phenazine methosulphate in erythrocyte isolated from healthy donors, which attests to the existence of different mechanisms of regulation of Ca2+-activated potassium channels.

[Analysis of the frequency of spontaneous aneuploidy in human somatic cells using interphase cytogenetic technology].

The frequency of spontaneous aneuploidy of the four autosomes and sex chromosomes in the interphase nuclei of cultivated and uncultured lymphocytes from clinically healthy men was examined by use of two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). It was shown that in uncultured cells from the individuals examined autosomal nullosomies were practically not detected (the frequency 0 to 0.01%).

[The role of delta-1 opiate receptors in regulation of contractility in isolated rat heart during normal oxygenation and ischemia-reperfusion].

The experiments on isolated rat heart demonstrated significant decrease in reperfusion-induced damage of cardiomyocytes by addition of selective delta 1 receptor agonist DPDPE (0.1 mg/l) to the perfusion solution. On the contrary, no cardioprotective effect was observed for 0.

[The role of opiate receptors and ATP-dependent potassium channels of mitochondria in the formation of myocardial adaptive resistance to the arrhythmogenic effect of ischemia and reperfusion].

Preliminary stimulation of opiate receptors (ORs) by intravenous administration of mu agonist DALDA (0.5 mg/kg), delta 1 agonist DPDPE (0.5 mg/kg), and kappa agonist (-)-U-50.

Reactions of immune system to immobilization stress in inbred mice of different strains.

Mice of different strains can be classified by the intensity of humoral immune reaction to thymus-dependent antigen as high, moderate, and low responders. High and moderate responders (CBA/CaLac, DBA/1, BALB/c) are characterized by high sensitivity of the productive phase of humoral immune response and phagocytic activity of macrophages to immobilization stress. In low responders (C57BL/6, CC57W) stress only slightly affected the productive phase of the humoral immune response, but activity of peritoneal macrophages decreased.

[Genetic differentiation of residents of Central Asia from autosomal marker data].

The gene pool of five ethnic groups of the Central Asian population was characterized using nine human-specific polymorphic insertion/deletion loci (ACE, PLAT, APOA1, PV92, F13B, A25, B65, CD4, Mt-Nuc). It has been shown for the first time that at the CD4 locus, the frequency of Alu(-) is inversely related to the Mongoloid component of the population. For the Central Asian populations, the lowest and highest frequencies of the Alu deletion at locus CD4 were recorded respectively in Dungans (0.

Possible mechanisms underlying the effect of natural preparations on erythropoiesis under conditions of conflict situation.

We studied the effects of various natural preparations, including extracts of Siberian ginseng, Rhodiola rosea, bergenia, and ginseng and pantohematogen on erythropoiesis under conditions of conflict situation. The test preparations were divided into 2 groups depending on their modulatory effect on intensified erythropoiesis under conditions of conflict situation. Some of them reduced (extracts of ginseng, bergenia, and Rhodiola rosea), while others increased the degree of hyperplasia in the erythropoietic stem (extract of Siberian ginseng and pantohematogen).

Effect of individual and combination treatment with cytokines on expression of sialoadhesin by bone marrow macrophages.

We studied the effects of lipopolysaccharide, interferon-gamma, interleukin-1, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha and combination treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 or interferon-gamma on the expression of sialoadhesin receptors on the membrane of bone marrow macrophages, macrophage adherent ability, and production of nitric oxide by these cells. Sialoadhesin expression was evaluated by binding of macrophages to sheep erythrocytes labeled with radioactive (51)Cr. Treatment of bone marrow cells with interferon-gamma improved adhesive properties of macrophages, but did not modulate expression of sialoadhesin.

Gonadotoxic effects of antitumor preparations.

Here we review the results of experimental and clinical observations concerning the gonadotoxic effect of antitumor chemotherapy. Previous experiments showed that antiblastic preparations with various mechanisms of cytostatic action produce damage to the sex glands that differs in the severity, stage of manifestation, and period of reparative regeneration. These differences are related to different sensitivity of epitheliocytes in the testes and structural and functional elements in the ovaries.

[Molecular cytogenetic characteristics of chromosome imbalance in cells of spontaneous human abortion fetuses with low proliferative activity in vitro].

Karyotyping of noncultivated cells of 60 first-trimester spontaneous abortions (blighted ova and missed abortions) was carried out using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromere-specific DNA probes for all chromosomes of the karyotype. Conventional cytogenetic study of these abortions was impossible because of cell culture failures. The algorithm is proposed for molecular cytogenetic FISH analysis of interphase karyotypes.

Changes in immunological parameters in patients with opium abuse receiving ANAR therapy.

We studied the effects of ANAR containing antibodies to morphine in ultralow doses on immunological parameters in patients with opium abuse. Changes in blood content of immunocompetent CD3+, CD16+, and HLA-DR+ cells, lymphocytes carrying receptors for serotonin and dopamine, and humoral immune factors were evaluated. As differentiated from standard preparations, ANAR possessed immunomodulatory properties, increased the content of HLA-DR+ lymphocytes and immunoglobulins in the blood, and normalized the number of CD16+ cells.

Comparative efficiency of Proproten-100 during the therapy of patients with alcoholism in the stage of therapeutic remission.

An open comparative clinical study evaluated the efficiency of Proproten-100 in reliving affective, somatovegetative, behavioral, and cognitive post-withdrawal disorders and manifestations of primary pathological alcohol addiction in patients with alcohol dependence in the stage of therapeutic remission. We compared the efficiency of Proproten-100 and standard symptomatic drugs. The preparation possessed anxiolytic, antidepressant, and vegetostabilizing properties, produced a moderate soporific effect, and had no sedative activity in patients with dysphoric depressions and psychopathic disorders.

Effect of antibodies to histamine in ultralow doses on production of allergen-specific antibodies.

We studied the effects of potentiated antibodies to histamine on production of IgE and IgG1 in response to 3-fold immunization of mice with ovalbumin in doses of 0.5, 10, and 100 microg. The course of treatment with antibodies to histamine suppressed production of allergen-specific IgE and IgG1 in mice 2-fold immunized with ovalbumin in doses of 100 and 0.