Predictors of appropriate therapies delivered by the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with coronary artery disease during long-term period.

This prospective study aimed to investigate the ability of cardiac autonomic nervous system (CANS) activity assessment to predict appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) during long-term follow-up period. We enrolled patients with CAD and ICD implantation indications that included both secondary and primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. Before ICD implantation CANS was assessed by using heart rate variability (HRV), myocardium scintigraphy with I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (I-MIBG) and erythrocyte membranes β-adrenoreactivity (EMA).

The β-adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol attenuates necrosis and apoptosis in the rat myocardium under experimental stress-induced cardiac injury.

Background: Currently, there is no effective therapy for takotsubo syndrome (stress-induced cardiac injury in humans) in the clinics. It has previously been shown that β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) agonist formoterol reduces cardiomyocyte injury in experimental takotsubo syndrome.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether formoterol prevents apoptosis and necrosis of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells in stress-induced cardiomyopathy.

Effect of Modified Forms of Sodium Humate PowHumus on the Balance of Arginine in Peritoneal Macrophages of Intact Mice.

Substances of silver nanoparticles dialyzed through a 13 kDa membrane, synthesized in a medium of humic ligands modified with hydroquinone and 2-hydroxynaphthoquinone from PowHumus brown coal, specifically enhance the M2 properties of peritoneal macrophages due to inhibition of NO synthase and significant activation of arginase, thus enhancing anti-inflammatory properties of cells. In small, but effective concentrations, they do not have cytotoxic properties and do not contain pyrogenic impurities. The studied humates are able to influence the mechanisms of immune response formation and are an effective means for correcting inflammation and regeneration.

The Role of Smad3 in the Realization of the Growth Potential of Different Types of Neural Progenitor Cells and the Secretory Function of Neuroglia.

The features of the participation of Smad3 in the functioning of neural stem cells (NSC), neuronal committed precursors (NCP), and neuroglial elements were studied in vitro. It was found that this intracellular signaling molecule enhances the clonogenic and proliferative activities of NCP and inhibits specialization of neuronal precursors. At the same time, Smad3 does not participate in the realization of the growth potential of NSC.

Respiratory Function of Mitochondria in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease with Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator.

We studied the respiratory activity of mitochondria in peripheral blood leukocytes from 36 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and a history of ventricular tachyarrhythmias required cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. The measurements were carried out in incubation buffers with different oxidation substrates (succinate and pyruvate-malate mixture). In pyruvate-malate incubation buffer, oxygen consumption rate and respiratory control coefficients in patients with triggered device did not differ significantly from those in patients without cardioverter-defibrillator triggering.

Oxidation Performance of Nano-Layered (AlTiZrHfTa)N/SiN Coatings Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering.

This work uses the direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) of equi-atomic (AlTiZrHfTa) and Si targets in dynamic sweep mode to deposit nano-layered (AlTiZrHfTa)N/SiN refractory high-entropy coatings (RHECs). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to investigate the effect of Si addition on the oxidation behavior of the nano-layered coatings. The Si-free nitride coating exhibits FCC structure and columnar morphology, while the Si-doped nitride coatings present a FCC (AlTiZrHfTa)N/amorphous-SiN nano-layered architecture.

Community-Based View on Diagnostic Imaging at the End of COVID-19 Pandemic: Online Survey-Assisted Study.

(1) Background: An online survey-based observational cross-sectional study aimed at elucidating the experience and attitudes of an unstructured population regarding diagnostic imaging. (2) Methods: Invitations to participate were distributed using mixed-mode design to deidentified residents aged 18 years and older. Main outcome measures included morbidity structure and incidence of diagnostic imaging administrations.

Presentation of Rare Phenotypes Associated with the Gene.

Pathogenic variants in the gene lead to a spectrum of rare autosomal recessive phenotypes, including osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) Type XI, Bruck syndrome Type I (BS I), and the congenital arthrogryposis-like phenotype (AG), each with variable clinical manifestations that are crucial for diagnosis. This study analyzed the clinical-genetic characteristics of patients with these conditions, focusing on both known and newly identified variants. We examined data from 15 patients, presenting symptoms of OI and joint contractures.

The Nephroprotective Effect of Nitric Oxide during Extracorporeal Circulation: An Experimental Study.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of administering 80 ppm nitric oxide in reducing kidney injury, mitochondrial dysfunction and regulated cell death in kidneys during experimental perfusion. Twenty-four sheep were randomized into four groups: two groups received 80 ppm NO conditioning with 90 min of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB + NO) or 90 min of CPB and hypothermic circulatory arrest (CPB + CA + NO), while two groups received sham protocols (CPB and CPB + CA). Kidney injury was assessed using laboratory (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, an acute kidney injury biomarker) and morphological methods (morphometric histological changes in kidney biopsy specimens).

A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Germline BRCA mutations in North Asia Breast Cancer Patients.

Objective: The BRCA1/2 mutation status testing is the global standard of care for breast cancer patients with a family history of cancer. BRCA1/2 mutations are known to be ethno-specific. For some ethnic groups of the Northern Asia (Buryats, Yakuts, Altaians, Tuvans, Khakasses, etc.

Novel Bacillus and Prestia isolates from Dwarf century plant enhance crop yield and salinity tolerance.

Soil salinity is a major environmental stressor impacting global food production. Staple crops like wheat experience significant yield losses in saline environments. Bioprospecting for beneficial microbes associated with stress-resistant plants offers a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture.

Amplification of Cardioprotective Response of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in Rats by Quercetin: Potential Role of Activation of mTOR-dependent Autophagy and Nrf2.

Objectives: Noninvasive remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a practical, acceptable, and feasible conditioning technique reported to provide cardioprotection in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). It has been well-reported that quercetin possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigates the modification of the cardioprotective response of RIPC by quercetin.

Effect of Xe/O Inhalation on Hemostasis in Experimental Thromboplastin Pneumonitis.

We studied the effectiveness of Xe/O mixture inhalation (30% Xe and 70% O, 20 min for 5 days) in a model of experimental thromboplastin pneumonitis. Inhalation of the studied mixture decreased the intensity of the inflammatory process in the lung tissue assessed by the temperature response of animals, changed lung weight and lung weight coefficient. At acute stage of pneumonitis, an increase in xenon consumption was recorded due to its retention in the gas exchange zone and a natural decrease in oxygen consumption due to partial alveolar/capillary block.

Exome Sequencing: the Search for Mutations Associated with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancers in the Tuvan Ethnic Group (A Pilot Study).

Whole exome sequencing of peripheral blood samples from Tuvan females diagnosed with breast and ovarian cancers (BC/OC) was performed to search for new genes involved in BC/OC pathogenesis. Considering the high cost of whole exome sequencing and study material requirements, 9 samples were selected from 61 genomic DNA samples. A mutation in the LGR4 gene (rs34804482) involved in the tumor-mediated Wnt signaling pathway and a mutation in the BRWD1 gene (rs147211854) involved in chromatin remodeling were identified in BC patients.

A predictive model of super response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in short-term period.

Background: The left bundle branch block, nonischemic heart failure (HF) and female gender are the most powerful predictors of a super response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). It is important to identify super responders who can derive most benefits from CRT. We aimed to establish a predicting model that could be used for prognosis of a super response to CRT in short-term period.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pyrazolo[1,5-]quinazolines.

Chronic inflammation contributes to a number of diseases. Therefore, control of the inflammatory response is an important therapeutic goal. To identify novel anti-inflammatory compounds, we synthesized and screened a library of 80 pyrazolo[1,5-]quinazoline compounds and related derivatives.

Xenon Antiaggregant Effects.

In in vitro model of short-term therapeutic inhalation of Xe/O mixture, xenon in millimolar concentrations led to a pronounced decrease in induced platelet aggregation in the platelet-enriched blood plasma. The maximum and statistically significant decrease occurred in response to induction by collagen (by ≈30%, p≤0.01) and ADP (by ≈25%, p≤0.

Pharmacokinetics of Dihydroquercetin after Single and Repeated Administration to Rats.

The pharmacokinetic properties of dihydroquercetin (DHQ) were studied after single and repeated (for 3 days) administration to rats in the form of a starch suspension at a dose of 25 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected using a permanent catheter in the jugular vein in 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min and in 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after administration. Before the repeated administration (5 min), blood sample was collected to assess the concentration of DHQ at the zero time point.

[Analysis of the work of the Immunohistochemical Quality Control Center of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2023].

The article demonstrates a detailed analysis of the results of the rounds of quality control of immunohistochemical studies conducted by the Central Committee of the Immunohistochemical Quality Control Center of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2023. Typical shortcomings and errors in the immunohistochemical examination of various tumors have been identified and ways to eliminate them are given. Particular attention is paid to defining a panel of standard breast cancer markers and eliminating the shortcomings of immunohistochemical examination of markers of accompanying diagnosis.

Assessment of continuous low-dose and high-dose burst of inhaled nitric oxide in spontaneously breathing COVID-19 patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) showed to improve oxygenation at low doses by reducing intrapulmonary shunt and to display antiviral properties at high doses. To assess the safety and potential benefits, we designed an exploratory clinical trial comparing low-dose with intermittent high-dose iNO to only intermittent high-dose iNO in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients.

Methods: In this single-center interventional non-inferiority randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.

MgCa-Based Alloys Modified with Zn- and Ga-Doped CaP Coatings Lead to Controlled Degradation and Enhanced Bone Formation in a Sheep Cranium Defect Model.

Mg-based biodegradable metallic implants are gaining increased attraction for applications in orthopedics and dentistry. However, their current applications are hampered by their high rate of corrosion, degradation, and rapid release of ions and gas bubbles into the physiological medium. The aim of the present study is to investigate the osteogenic and angiogenic potential of coated Mg-based implants in a sheep cranial defect model.

Hybrid magnon-phonon localization enhances function near ferroic glassy states.

Ferroic materials on the verge of forming ferroic glasses exhibit heightened functionality that is often attributed to competing long- and short-range correlations. However, the physics underlying these enhancements is not well understood. The NiCoMnIn Heusler alloy is on the edge of forming both spin and strain glasses and exhibits magnetic field-induced shape memory and large magnetocaloric effects, making it a candidate for multicaloric cooling applications.