Effect of Acute Melatonin Injection on Metabolomic and Testicular Artery Hemodynamic Changes and Circulating Hormones in Shiba Goats under Sub-Tropical Environmental Conditions.

The beneficial effects of melatonin were investigated to mitigate various detrimental effects and toxicity on reproductive performance. The present study aimed, for the first time, to explore the effect of intravenous melatonin injection on testicular artery hemodynamics (TH) and metabolomic changes, reproductive hormones in heat-stressed bucks. Ten bucks were randomly split into two groups (five each): (1) the melatonin group, treated with a single intravenous dose of melatonin solution containing 10 mg melatonin each, and (2) the control group, which was treated with 10 mL of the vehicle without melatonin.

Characterization of Rabbit Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells after Cryopreservation.

Adipose tissues (ADPs) are an alternative source for mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), given that conventional bone marrow (BM) collection is painful and yields limited cell numbers. As the need for easily accessible MSCs grows, cryopreservation's role in regenerative medicine is becoming increasingly vital. However, limited research exists on the characteristics and functional properties of rabbit-derived MSCs from various anatomical sources before and after cryopreservation.

A comprehensive analysis of gut and skin microbiota in canine atopic dermatitis in Shiba Inu dogs.

Background: Like its human counterpart, canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a chronic relapsing condition; thus, most cAD-affected dogs will require lifelong treatment to maintain an acceptable quality of life. A potential intervention is modulation of the composition of gut microbiota, and in fact, probiotic treatment has been proposed and tried in human atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Since dogs are currently receiving intensive medical care, this will be the same option for dogs, while evidence of gut dysbiosis in cAD is still missing, although skin microbial profiling in cAD has been conducted in several studies.

Effect of pre-treatment of melatonin on superovulation response, circulatory hormones, and miRNAs in goats during environmental heat stress conditions.

Environmental heat stress has a deleterious impact on farm animal reproductive performance. The purpose of this study was to see how the addition of melatonin affected the efficacy of the superovulation regimen in goats in hot climatic conditions. Sixteen Shiba goats were synchronized and divided into two equal groups (n = 8, each): the melatonin group, which received a single S/C dose of melatonin, and a control group, treated with one ml of corn oil only.

Natto extract inhibits infection caused by the Aujeszky's disease virus in mice.

Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), also known as Suid alphaherpesvirus 1, which mainly infects swine, causes life-threatening neurological disorders. This disease is a serious global risk factor for economic losses in the swine industry. The development of new anti-ADV drugs is highly anticipated and required.

Site-specific genotoxicity of rubiadin: localization and histopathological changes in the kidneys of rats.

Rubiadin (Rub) is a genotoxic component of madder color (MC) that is extracted from the root of Rubia tinctorum L. MC induces renal tumors and preneoplastic lesions that are found in the proximal tubule of the outer stripe of the outer medulla (OSOM), suggesting that the renal carcinogenicity of MC is site specific. To clarify the involvement of Rub in renal carcinogenesis of MC, we examined the distribution of Rub in the kidney of male gpt delta rats that were treated with Rub for 28 days.

Species-specific model to predict amphibian metamorphosis.

Exploring the timing of life-history transitions has been a pivotal focus in the field of evolutionary ecology. Studies on amphibian metamorphosis are well suited to investigate this aspect. We propose a species-specific model to predict the optimal metamorphosis point for frog individuals with different larval growth trajectories.

Influential factors of long-term and seasonal Cs change in agricultural and forested rivers: Temperature, water quality and an intense Typhoon Event.

In this study, the effect of temperature, water quality, and the impact of an intense typhoon event on change in Cs concentration in the water of agricultural and forested rivers near the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (Japan) was evaluated using monthly stationary observations obtained under baseflow conditions 2.8-10.6 years after the nuclear accident in 2011.

Exploring the effects of embryonic and neonatal exposure to lipopolysaccharides on oligodendrocyte differentiation in the rat hippocampus and the protective effect of alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin.

This study compared the effects of embryonic and neonatal lipopolysaccharides (LPS) exposure (E-LPS and N-LPS) on oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation in the hippocampus of male rats and explored the protective effect of the antioxidant alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin (AGIQ). Using SD rats, LPS exposure occurred either intraperitoneally in dams between gestational days 15 and 16 (50 µg/kg body weight/time) or in male pups on postnatal day (PND) 3 (1 mg/kg body weight). Under both regimens, AGIQ at 0.

Structure and Conformation of Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose with a Wide Range of Molar Masses in Aqueous Solution─Effects of Hydroxypropyl Group Addition.

The structure of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HpMC) samples with a wide range of weight average molar masses () from 23 to 5000 kg mol, a controlled degree of substitution () of 1.9 by methyl groups, and a molar substitution number () of 0.25 by hydroxypropyl groups dissolved in aqueous solution was examined using static light scattering (SLS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-to-wide angle neutron scattering (S-WANS) techniques, and intrinsic viscosity ([η]) measurements.

Decoding the role of miRNAs in multiple myeloma pathogenesis: A focus on signaling pathways.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of plasma cells that has been extensively studied in recent years, with researchers increasingly focusing on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating gene expression in MM. Several non-coding RNAs have been demonstrated to regulate MM pathogenesis signaling pathways. These pathways might regulate MM development, apoptosis, progression, and therapeutic outcomes.

Comparison of Bovine- and Porcine-Derived Decellularized Biomaterials: Promising Platforms for Tissue Engineering Applications.

Animal-derived xenogeneic biomaterials utilized in different surgeries are promising for various applications in tissue engineering. However, tissue decellularization is necessary to attain a bioactive extracellular matrix (ECM) that can be safely transplanted. The main objective of the present study is to assess the structural integrity, biocompatibility, and potential use of various acellular biomaterials for tissue engineering applications.

Conferring High IAA Productivity on Low-IAA-Producing Organisms with PonAAS2, an Aromatic Aldehyde Synthase of a Galling Sawfly, and Identification of Its Inhibitor.

Gall-inducing insects often contain high concentrations of phytohormones, such as auxin and cytokinin, which are suggested to be involved in gall induction, but no conclusive evidence has yet been obtained. There are two possible approaches to investigating the importance of phytohormones in gall induction: demonstrating either that high phytohormone productivity can induce gall-inducing ability in non-gall-inducing insects or that the gall-inducing ability is inhibited when phytohormone productivity in galling insects is suppressed. In this study, we show that the overexpression of , which encodes an aromatic aldehyde synthase (AAS) responsible for the rate-limiting step in indoleacetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis in a galling sawfly ( sp.

miRNAs driving diagnosis, progression, and drug resistance in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a tumor of transformed plasma cells. It's the second most common hematologic cancer after non-Hodgkin lymphoma. MM is a complex disease with many different risk factors, including ethnicity, race, and epigenetics.

The potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer - A focus on signaling pathways interplay.

microRNAs (also known as miRNAs or miRs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a critical role in post-transcriptional gene regulation as negative gene regulators by binding complementary sequences in the 3'-UTR of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) leading to translational repression and/or target degradation a wide range of genes and biological processes, including cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis. The development and progression of cancer have been linked to the anomalous expression of miRNAs. According to recent studies, miRNAs have been found to regulate the expression of cancer-related genes through multiple signaling pathways in gallbladder cancer (GBC).

Antisera Produced Using an -Expressed SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Complemented with a Minimal Dose of Mammalian-Cell-Expressed S1 Subunit of the Spike Protein Exhibits Improved Neutralization.

-expressed proteins could provide a rapid, cost-effective, and safe antigen for subunit vaccines, provided we can produce them in a properly folded form inducing neutralizing antibodies. Here, we use an -expressed SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein as a model to examine whether it yields neutralizing antisera with effects comparable to those generated by the S1 subunit of the spike protein (S1 or S1 subunit, thereafter) expressed in mammalian cells. We immunized 5-week-old Jcl-ICR female mice by injecting RBD (30 µg) and S1 subunit (5 µg) according to four schemes: two injections 8 weeks apart with RBD (RBD/RBD), two injections with S1 (S1/S1), one injection with RBD, and the second one with S1 (RBD/S1), and vice versa (S1/RBD).

In Vitro Comparative Study of Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy.

Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new phototherapy that utilizes a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against cancer antigens and a phthalocyanine dye, IRDye700DX (IR700) conjugate (mAb-IR700). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a combination therapy that utilizes photoreactive agents and light irradiation as well as NIR-PIT. In the present study, we compared these therapies in vitro.

Consumer Evaluation of Agricultural Products Produced in Areas Affected by Natural Disasters: A Case Study of Damaged Apples in Japan.

This study examines how consumers perceive agricultural products affected by natural disasters, using apples in Japan as a case study. Typhoons and other natural disasters frequently damage the surface of apples during the production season, causing significant harm to farmers' businesses, particularly when a large typhoon hits the production area. To maintain the sustainability of agricultural production, consumers need to purchase damaged crops at a certain price.

Merger of Rotation Restriction and Symmetrical Push-Pull to Synthesize Single-Benzene Yellow Fluorophors.

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Yohei Okada at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. The image depicts a series of single-benzene fluorophores. Constructing symmetrical push-pull motifs in combination with restricting bond rotations is the key to creating small yet brightly emitting fluorophores.

Microscopic evidence of sandstone deterioration and damage by fungi isolated from the Angkor monuments in simulation experiments.

The Angkor monuments have been registered on the World Cultural Heritage List of UNESCO, while the buildings built mostly of sandstone are suffering from serious deterioration and damage. Microorganisms are one of the leading causes for the sandstone deterioration. Identification of the mechanisms underlying the biodeterioration is of significance because it reveals the biochemical reaction involved so that effective conservation and restoration of cultural properties can be achieved.

Delayed feedback control for chaotic vibration in nonlinear impact dynamics of bouncing agricultural tractor.

Agricultural tractors often lose contact and recollide with the ground surface while driving on narrow paddy fields and bumpy farm roads owing to excessive vibrations. These nonlinear impact dynamics can cause chaotic vibrations during tractor operation. Chaotic vibrations are random complex motions that can deteriorate tractor stability and lead to tractor overturning accidents, causing damage to machinery and risk of injury to the operator.