Chorioamnionitis and earlier gestational age are associated with neonatal hypercalcemia after maternal magnesium sulfate therapy: A case-control study.

Background: Magnesium sulfate (MgSO) is a tocolytic agent used to treat gestational hypertension and to prevent preterm labor. Neonatal hypocalcemia is a well-known side effect of maternal MgSO use. Cases of neonatal hypercalcemia after maternal MgSO have been reported.

Clinical Impact of Specific Extraocular Muscle Manipulation and the Oculocardiac Reflex on Postoperative Vomiting in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery: A Multicenter, Observational Study.

Background: Strabismus surgery, which is commonly performed in children, poses a high risk of postoperative vomiting. The current anesthesia guidelines for the prevention of postoperative vomiting in children are based on heterogeneous populations involving different types of surgery, and risk factors for postoperative vomiting in, specifically, the pediatric strabismus surgery population are unclear. Moreover, the effects of manipulating the deeply attached extraocular muscles and the oculocardiac reflex on this risk remain inconclusive.

Protocol development and feasibility of the PEACH in Asia study: A pilot study on PEri-anesthetic morbidity in CHildren in Asia.

Background: Comprehensive data on pediatric anesthesia outcomes, particularly severe critical events (SCEs), are scarce in Asia. This highlights the need for standardized research to assess anesthesia safety and quality in the diverse settings.

Aims: The PEACH in Asia pilot study aimed to test the feasibility of a standardized protocol for investigating SCEs in anesthesia practices across Asia, evaluate the data acquisition processes, and determine the sample size for a main study.

Postpartum hair loss is associated with anxiety.

Aim: This study examined the relationship between postpartum hair loss and psychological symptoms.

Methods: This questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study included postpartum women who had delivered at two facilities and completed the questionnaire 10-18 months after delivery. Study protocols were sent by mail in two parts.

High serum gamma-glutamyltransferase level after hepatitis C virus elimination is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is known as an oxidative stress marker, induced by alcohol consumption and metabolic disorders, and is reported as a predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development after hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination. However, it is not clear whether GGT serves simply as a surrogate marker for overlapping metabolic diseases or reflects HCV-specific carcinogenicity. We investigated the association between GGT and hepatocarcinogenesis after achieving a sustained viral response (SVR), accounting for drinking habits or diabetes, and examined predisposing factors associated with GGT levels after SVR.

Outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with synchronous and metachronous oligometastatic urothelial carcinoma with visceral metastases.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of oligometastatic disease (OMD) in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) with visceral metastases when classified into synchronous and metachronous metastases.

Methods: Of 957 cases of de novo mUC treated between 2008 and 2023, 374 with visceral metastases were analyzed. Cases were classified into OMD with up to three metastatic lesions and polymetastatic disease (PMD), and into synchronous and metachronous metastases.

Gustave Roussy Immune score as a prognostic biomarker in patients with platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab: YUSHIMA study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the Gustave Roussy Immune score (GRIm-score) in platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) treated with pembrolizumab.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study (YUSHIMA study) evaluated 331 patients with metastatic UC treated with pembrolizumab after platinum-based chemotherapy between January 2018 and June 2023 at 13 institutions. We collected pretreatment variables, including the GRIm-score based on serum albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

[A Case Report of Metachronous Multiple Cancers Including Triple Lung Cancers, Gastric Cancer, and Double Urothelial Cancers].

A male patient in his 60s at the time of the first medical examination had a smoking history of 50 years with 25 cigarettes a day. He was diagnosed with double urothelial cancers. In 200a, total left pelvic ureterectomy(pT2N0M0, Stage Ⅱ)and transurethral bladder tumorectomy(pTisN0M0, Stage Ⅰ)were performed.

Orbital Fat Herniation Through Inferior Orbital Fissure and Persistent Diplopia Caused by Facial Trauma.

Orbital fat herniation is often accompanied by orbital floor fractures. Furthermore, herniation through the inferior orbital fissure (IOF) is rare, and its pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Here, the authors report a case of a patient with IOF herniation and diplopia caused by orbital trauma.

Impairment of Social-Related Quality of Life in COVID-19 Pneumonia Survivors: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

The post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) pose a threat to patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Here, the impact of COVID-19 on HRQOL and the clinical factors associated with impaired HRQOL were examined. Discharged COVID-19 patients were assessed at 3 and 6 months after disease onset.

Corneal refractive error and astigmatism in patients aged 6 to 18 years with a history of retinopathy of prematurity and birth weight of <1500 g.

Purpose: To investigate corneal refractive power (CR) and astigmatism (AS) in 6- to 18-year-old children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and birth weight of <1500 g who either did or did not undergo retinal photocoagulation (PC).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: We examined 143 eyes of 77 children in 2021.

Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Associated with Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome after Carotid Endarterectomy: A Case Report.

We report a case of a 73-year-old man who developed nonconvulsive status epilepticus as a complication of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery stenosis. On postoperative day 1, the patient experienced headaches and vomiting. Resting -isopropyl--[I] iodoamphetamine single-photon emission computed tomography showed increased cerebral blood flow to the entire right hemisphere, and the patient was diagnosed with cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome.

Development of microscopic polyangiitis following idiopathic pleuroparenchymal l fibroelastosis: A case report.

Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, which is characterised by pleural fibrosis and subjacent parenchymal fibroelastosis of the upper lobes. Herein, we present a case of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) following PPFE. The patient had abnormal shadows on chest radiographs 15 years before the onset of MPA, and the patient was diagnosed with PPFE.

Impact of diagnostic ureteral catheterization on intravesical tumour recurrence following radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate whether even a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure for the upper tract such as ureteral catheterization (UCath) may substantially increase the risk of intravesical recurrence (IVR) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Methods: The present, retrospective study enrolled 163 patients undergoing RNU for UTUC between 2010 and 2021 at two, tertiary care hospitals. The primary endpoint was the association between UCath and IVR-free survival (IVRFS).

Stone-event-free survival after ureteroscopic lithotripsy by age: comparison between young and older patients.

The aim of this study is to examine stone-event-free survival after ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) and risk factors for stone events by age. We retrospectively collected data of all URSL cases at our institution from 2008 to 2021. A total of 1334 cases were included and divided into young (< 65 years, 792 cases), young-old (65-74 years, 316 cases), old-old (75-84 years, 172 cases), and oldest-old (≥ 85 years, 54 cases) groups.

Mutational analysis of DNMT3A improves the prognostic stratification of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Nucleophosmin1 (NPM1) mutations are the most frequently detected gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and are considered a favorable prognostic factor. We retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of 605 Japanese patients with de novo AML, including 174 patients with NPM1-mutated AML. Although patients with NPM1-mutated AML showed a high remission rate, this was not a favorable prognostic factor for overall survival (OS); this is contrary to generally accepted guidelines.

Efficacy of sulfasalazine for the prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A multicentric self-controlled case series study.

Introduction: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic lung infection and has been reported among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). An animal study revealed that sulfasalazine enhances Pneumocystis clearance from the lung by accelerating macrophage activity.

Methods: The self-controlled case series (SCCS) method was used to investigate the association between sulfasalazine use and PCP development in patients with RA without the effect of time-invariant, interpatient confounders.

Cranial shapes of Japanese preterm infants at one month of age using a three-dimensional scanner.

Background: Recently, cranial shape measurements of preterm infants have been performed using handheld three-dimensional (3D) scanners and can now be objectively quantified.

Aims: To measure the cranial shapes of Japanese preterm infants at one month of age using a 3D scanner, compare these values with those of healthy term infants, and examine the risk factors for dolichocephaly.

Study Design: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetes with a History of Being an Extremely Preterm Small-for-Gestational-Age Infant without Early Adiposity Rebound.

Adiposity rebound (AR), which is defined as a situation in which the body mass index (BMI) starts to increase after infancy, is a predictive marker of future development of type 2 diabetes. The patient was a 20-year-old male. He was born at 28 gestational weeks with a birthweight of 642 g (-3.