Real-world clinical practice of current periprocedural anticoagulation management in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: Data from a large prospective ablation registry.

Background: The guidelines recommend anticoagulation management with uninterrupted warfarin or direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) during the atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation periprocedural period.

Objectives: To clarify the Japanese real-world latest periprocedural anticoagulation management during AF ablation.

Methods: This multicenter observational study included 6232 consecutive AF patients (68.

Factors associated with cultural sensitivity and global nursing education among nurse educators: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Nurse educators must be culturally sensitive to teach cultural care to nursing students effectively.

Objective: To explore the factors associated with cultural sensitivity and global nursing education among nurse educators.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional exploratory study.

A retrospective comparative study of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage versus endoscopic gallbladder stenting on the clinical course of acute cholecystitis: A propensity score matching analysis using a nationwide inpatient database in Japan.

Background: We performed a retrospective comparative study to clarify the optimal gallbladder drainage method prior to elective cholecystectomy.

Methods: We collected data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database about cholecystitis patients who underwent gallbladder drainage prior to cholecystectomy in a subsequent hospitalization between April 2014 and March 2020. We divided the study population into two groups: an endoscopic gallbladder stenting (EGBS) group and a percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) group.

The impact of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer: an international multicenter study.

Purpose: To assess the association between neoadjuvant therapy and overall survival (OS) in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) compared to upfront surgery.

Background: Left-sided pancreatic cancer is associated with worse OS compared to right-sided pancreatic cancer. Although neoadjuvant therapy is currently seen as not effective in patients with RPC, current randomized trials included mostly patients with right-sided RPC.

Anatomy of the distal tendinous structure of the triceps brachii: implications for the role of the triceps brachii to resist valgus elbow forces during baseball pitching.

Background: Biomechanical studies suggest that the triceps brachii muscle generates resistive force against valgus stress on the elbow during baseball pitching. However, given the parallel fiber orientation in the distal tendinous structure of the triceps brachii, the mechanism behind this anti-valgus force remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to examine the anatomy of the distal tendinous structure of the triceps brachii using bony morphological, macroscopic, and histological methods.

The pericellular function of Fibulin-7 in the adhesion of oligodendrocyte lineage cells to neuronal axons during CNS myelination.

Myelin is an electrical insulator that enables saltatory nerve conduction and is essential for proper functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). It is formed by oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the CNS, and during OL development various molecules, including extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, regulate OL differentiation and myelination; however, the role of ECM proteins in these processes is not well understood. Our present work is centered on the analyses of the expression and function of fibulin-7 (Fbln7), an ECM protein of the fibulin family, in OL differentiation.

Association Between Mortality and Time Spent Out of Bed in Older-Adult Nursing Home Residents.

Objectives: For older adults, spending time out of bed is important for preventing functional decline, but its relationship to mortality is not clear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between mortality and time spent out of bed in Japanese older-adult nursing home residents.

Design: We conducted a cohort study using data from the Long-term Care Information System for Evidence database.

Superiority illusion in older adults: Volume and functional connectivity of the precuneus.

Aim: Superiority illusion (SI), a cognitive bias where individuals perceive themselves as better than others, may serve as a psychological mechanism that contributes to well-being and resilience in older adults. However, the specific neural basis of SI in elderly populations remains underexplored. This study aims to identify brain regions partially associated with SI, exploring its potential role in adaptive psychological processes.

Effectiveness for remission maintenance rate and safety of different rituximab regimens for treating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in Japan: a J-CANVAS study.

Rituximab (RTX) has been reported to effectively maintain remission in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). In this multicenter study involving 57 patients who achieved remission after 24 weeks, we evaluated the effectiveness of RTX in maintaining remission in patients with AAV. Patients were divided into three groups based on RTX administration: continuous, induction phase-only, and maintenance phase-only groups.

Endothelial activating transcription factor 3 promotes angiogenesis and vascular repair in the mouse retina.

Ischemia and pathological angiogenesis in retinal vascular diseases cause serious vision-related problems. However, the transcriptional regulators of vascular repair remain unidentified. Thus, the factors and mechanisms involved in angiogenesis must be elucidated to develop approaches for restoring normal blood vessels.

Abaloparatide Enhances Bone Regeneration in Extraction Socket Dental Implant Defects: An Experimental In Vivo Study.

Objective: Abaloparatide (ABL) is a synthetic parathyroid hormone-related protein analog developed as an anabolic drug to treat osteoporosis. ABL increases bone mineral density (BMD) of the long bones and spine; however, the influence of ABL on alveolar bone regeneration remains unknown. This study assessed the effects of systemic ABL administration on tooth extraction socket healing and dental implant osseointegration in a preclinical rodent model.

Effect of Epstein-Barr Virus infection on gene regulation in immune cells of patients with Immune-Mediated Diseases.

It has been known that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can latently infect immune cells after the initial infection, and epidemiological studies have suggested its association with the onset of immune-mediated diseases (IMDs). However, the specific impact of EBV infection on IMDs pathology remains unclear. We quantified EBV load of B cell subsets (Naïve B cells, Unswitched memory B cells, Switched memory B cells, Double negative B cells, and Plasmablasts) in IMD patients as well as healthy control (HC) using bulk RNA sequencing data of 504 donors.

Effectiveness of the educational training program for Japanese chief residents: A one-year pilot study.

Background: Multi-institutional faculty development programs for chief residents were lacking in Japan. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the program for enhancing the knowledge and behaviors of chief residents at the national level.

Methods: Six participants completed self-assessment questionnaires at three points: before, immediately after, and 6 months post-program.

Association between diet quality during pregnancy of mothers and that of 3-year-old offspring: a prospective hospital-based birth cohort study.

Children's eating habits are established early in life and parents play a major role therein. Pregnancy is a teachable moment for the promotion of healthy eating because many women are concerned about their babies' health and have frequent contact with healthcare providers. We aimed to investigate the association between diet quality during pregnancy and the offspring.

Selenoprotein-Mediated Redox Regulation Shapes the Cell Fate of HSCs and Mature Lineages.

The maintenance of cellular redox balance is crucial for cell survival and homeostasis and is disrupted with aging. Selenoproteins, comprising essential antioxidant enzymes, raise intriguing questions about their involvement in hematopoietic aging and potential reversibility. Motivated by our observation of mRNA downregulation of key antioxidant selenoproteins in aged human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and previous findings of increased lipid peroxidation in aged hematopoiesis, we employed tRNASec gene (Trsp) knockout (KO) mouse model to simulate disrupted selenoprotein synthesis.

Mitochondrial YME1L1 governs unoccupied protein translocase channels.

Mitochondrial protein import through the outer and inner membranes is key to mitochondrial biogenesis. Recent studies have explored how cells respond when import is impaired by a variety of different insults. Here, we developed a mammalian import blocking system using dihydrofolate reductase fused to the N terminus of the inner membrane protein MIC60.

, a Retrovirus-Derived Gene Implicated in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Is a Microglial Gene That Responds to Noradrenaline in the Postnatal Brain.

Retrotransposon Gag-like 4 (), a gene acquired from a retrovirus, is a causative gene in autism spectrum disorder. Its knockout mice exhibit increased impulsivity, impaired short-term spatial memory, failure to adapt to novel environments, and delayed noradrenaline (NA) recovery in the frontal cortex. However, due to its very low expression in the brain, it remains unknown which brain cells express RTL4 and its dynamics in relation to NA.

Impact of Antipseudomonal Antibiotics in Patients with Bronchiectasis Who Experienced Exacerbation or Developed Pneumonia: A Nationwide Study in Japan.

: Although chronic infection by among patients with bronchiectasis is associated with poor prognosis, the impact of antibiotics with coverage in patients with bronchiectasis who experienced bacterial pneumonia or exacerbation of bronchiectasis has not been fully investigated. : This study targeted patients with bronchiectasis who were admitted to hospitals because of bacterial pneumonia or exacerbation of bronchiectasis between April 2018 and March 2020 using a national inpatient database in Japan. The association of antipseudomonal antibiotic treatment with in-hospital mortality was assessed after propensity score matching to adjust the patients' backgrounds.

Corrigendum to 'Brief Report: Clinical Outcomes by Infusion Timing of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Locally Advanced NSCLC' [JTO Clinical and Research Reports, Volume 5 Issue 4 (2024) 100659].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.

Finite element analysis of stress distribution in cantilever resin-bonded zirconia fixed dental prosthesis and periodontal tissue with alveolar bone loss.

Purpose: To compare the stress distribution in loaded zirconia resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs) and periodontal tissue using finite element analysis, considering reduced alveolar bone levels and the number of retainers.

Methods: A human skull was micro-CT scanned. Three framework designs were tested: a 2-unit RBFDP using the maxillary left central incisor (#21) as an abutment, another using a canine (#23), and a 3-unit RBFDP using both #21 and #23.

Bonding efficacy of highly translucent zirconia and lithium disilicate glass ceramics after femtosecond laser irradiation.

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of femtosecond laser (FL) irradiation on the surface roughness and shear bond strength of high-translucency zirconia (6 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia [6Y-PSZ]) and lithium disilicate (LiSiO) glass ceramics.

Methods: Fully sintered square-shaped specimens of 6Y-PSZ (7 groups; 20 specimens/group) and LiSiO (8 groups; 20 specimens/group) were surface-treated via sandblasting (50-μm alumina sand or glass beads) or FL irradiation (20- or 40-μm dot or cross-line patterns) or using Monobond Etch & Prime (Ivoclar Vivadent AG; only for LiSiO specimens). The surface roughness (arithmetic average [Sa] and developed interfacial area ratio [Sdr]) and shear bond strength after 24 h and 10,000 thermal cycles were measured and statistically analyzed.

Comparison between the Outcomes of Pentamidine and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Non-HIV Patients: A Nationwide Japanese Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background Data on the first-line treatment options for patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are limited. Therefore, we evaluated the outcome of pentamidine compared to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in non-HIV patients with PCP. Methods We used data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination Inpatient Database.

Ethical Use of Cadaveric Images in Anatomical Textbooks, Atlases, and Journals: A Consensus Response From Authors and Editors.

Nowadays, consent to use donor bodies for medical education and research is obtained from the body donors and their families before the donation. Recently, the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) published guidelines that could restrict the appearance of cadaveric images in commercial anatomical resources such as textbooks and other educational products. These guidelines state that the donor must expressly consent to using such images for this purpose.

Blood DNA virome associates with autoimmune diseases and COVID-19.

Aberrant immune responses to viral pathogens contribute to pathogenesis, but our understanding of pathological immune responses caused by viruses within the human virome, especially at a population scale, remains limited. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing datasets of 6,321 Japanese individuals, including patients with autoimmune diseases (psoriasis vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) or multiple sclerosis) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or healthy controls. We systematically quantified two constituents of the blood DNA virome, endogenous HHV-6 (eHHV-6) and anellovirus.

Phenotype Spectrum of TRPM3-Associated Disorders.

Objective: Monoallelic variants in the transient receptor potential melastatin-related type 3 gene (TRPM3) have been associated with neurodevelopmental manifestations, but knowledge on the clinical manifestations and treatment options is limited. We characterized the clinical spectrum, highlighting particularly the epilepsy phenotype, and the effect of treatments.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the phenotypes and genotypes of 43 individuals with TRPM3 variants, acquired from GeneMatcher and collaborations (n = 21), and through a systematic literature search (n = 22).