Establishment of subcutaneous transplantation platform for delivering induced pluripotent stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells.

Potential trend of regenerative treatment for type I diabetes has been introduced for more than a decade. However, the technologies regarding insulin-producing cell (IPC) production and transplantation are still being developed. Here, we propose the potential IPC production protocol employing mouse gingival fibroblast-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (mGF-iPSCs) as a resource and the pre-clinical approved subcutaneous IPC transplantation platform for further clinical confirmation study.

Comparison of the incidence of proteinuria and changes in eGFR among febuxostat and topiroxostat users.

Background: Febuxostat and topiroxostat are non-purine selective xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors commonly used for hyperuricaemia treatment in Japan. However, comparative data on the effects of febuxostat and topiroxostat on renal function and proteinuria are limited. This study compared proteinuria incidence and changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among prevalent febuxostat and topiroxostat users.

Influence of dual-cure resin-cement curing modes on gingival cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses.

Background/purpose: Dual-cure resin-cements are used for various dental restorations. However, whether the curing modes of these resin-cements influence gingival inflammation remains unclear. Hence, herein, we evaluated the effects of dual-cure resin-cement curing modes on gingival cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses.

Periodontal ligament fibroblasts utilize isoprenoid intermediate farnesyl diphosphate for maintaining osteo/cementogenic differentiation abilities.

Background/purpose: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a major transcription factor of energy metabolism-associated genes, and three PPARγ isoforms have been identified in periodontal tissues and cells. When energy metabolism homeostasis is affected by PPARγ downregulation in periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs), osteo/cementogenic abilities are markedly lost. Herein, we investigated whether PPARγ agonists promote periodontal tissue regeneration, and which PPARγ isoforms and metabolic pathways are indispensable for osteo/cementogenic abilities.

Fabrication of Hard Tissue Constructs from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Exploring Mechanisms of Hereditary Tooth/Skeletal Dysplasia.

Tooth/skeletal dysplasia, such as hypophosphatasia (HPP), has been extensively studied. However, there are few definitive treatments for these diseases owing to the lack of an in vitro disease model. Cells differentiated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) demonstrate a pathological phenotype.

Role of CXCL10 released from osteocytes in response to TNF-α stimulation on osteoclasts.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a significant cytokine that regulates bone resorption under inflammatory conditions. However, its mechanism of action in osteocytes remains unclear. In this study, highly purified osteocytes were isolated from dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1)-Topaz mice using cell sorter.

Small extracellular vesicles derived from sequential stimulation of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhance anti-inflammatory activity.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized for their therapeutic potential in immune modulation and tissue repair, especially in veterinary medicine. This study introduces an innovative sequential stimulation (IVES) technique, involving low-oxygen gas mixture preconditioning using in vitro fertilization gas (IVFG) and direct current electrical stimulation (ES20), to enhance the anti-inflammatory properties of sEVs from canine adipose-derived MSCs (cAD-MSCs). Initial steps involved isolation and comprehensive characterization of cAD-MSCs, including morphology, gene expression, and differentiation potentials, alongside validation of the electrical stimulation protocol.

A multi-modal dental dataset for semi-supervised deep learning image segmentation.

In response to the increasing prevalence of dental diseases, dental health, a vital aspect of human well-being, warrants greater attention. Panoramic X-ray images (PXI) and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) are key tools for dentists in diagnosing and treating dental conditions. Additionally, deep learning for tooth segmentation can focus on relevant treatment information and localize lesions.

Differences in health care expenditure due to the comorbidity status of periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus.

Background: To investigate the differences in health care expenditure (HCE) due to the comorbidity status of periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: This cohort study used health care claims and oral health screening data to identify participants with PD or DM and followed them for 1 year to assess their HCE. PD and DM were determined based on PD screening and medical claims data, respectively.

Differential expression of osteoblast-like cells on self-organized titanium dioxide nanotubes.

Background/purpose: Titanium dioxide nanotube (TNT) structures have been shown to enhance the early osseointegration of dental implants. Nevertheless, the optimal nanotube diameter for promoting osteogenesis remains unclear due to variations in cell types and manufacture of nanotubes. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in MC3T3-E1 and Saos-2 cells behavior on nanotubes of varying diameters.

Effects of flushing of dental waterlines in portable dental units on water quality management.

Background/purpose: Daily flushing of dental unit waterlines is important for infection control. However, the effect of flushing on water quality management in portable dental units (PDUs) for mobile dental treatments remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the factors affecting the effectiveness of PDU flushing.

Bidirectional longitudinal associations between subjective oral health and subjective well-being.

Objective: This study investigated the bidirectional longitudinal association between subjective oral health (SOH) and subjective well-being (SWB) over time.

Methods: This cohort study was based on a four-wave surveys conducted by the English Longitudinal Study of Aging. SOH was measured by oral impacts on daily performance (OIDP), self-rated oral health (SROH), and SWB was measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale, Control, Autonomy, Self-Realization, and Pleasure (CASP-19), and satisfaction with life scale (SWLS).

Solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome caused by 22q11.2 microdeletion.

Solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) syndrome, the mildest form of the holoprosencephaly spectrum, is a rare anomaly characterized by the presence of a single midline central incisor in both the deciduous and permanent dentitions. Affected individuals can present with additional midline defects beyond dental findings. The 22q11.

Correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy theory beliefs in Japan: A cross-sectional study of 28,175 residents.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increase in conspiracy theories worldwide. However, in Japan, the prevalence of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs has remained unclear. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs using a survey of 28,175 residents of Japan aged 16-81 years old.

Association between equivalized annual household income and regular medical visits for hypertensive patients since the COVID-19 outbreak.

Previous studies have shown an increase in blood pressure during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic even among patients receiving antihypertensive treatment. This study aims to evaluate the association between equivalized annual household income and refraining from regular medical visits for hypertensive patients since the COVID-19 outbreak. We analyzed data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS), including 2832 hypertensive patients aged 20-79 years from the 2020 survey and at least one survey between 2021 and 2023.

Periodontal Care Is Associated With a Lower Risk of Dialysis Initiation in Middle-Aged Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 6-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study Based on a Nationwide Healthcare Database.

Objective: To investigate the association between dental attendance with periodontal care and the risk of dialysis initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) claims database (January 2015 to August 2022). Patients with T2D, aged 40-74, were included.

Current perspectives on the dynamic culture of mesenchymal stromal/stem cell spheroids.

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for regenerative medicine owing to their self-renewal properties, multilineage differentiation, immunomodulatory effects, and angiogenic potential. MSC spheroids fabricated by 3D culture have recently shown enhanced therapeutic potential. MSC spheroids create a specialized niche with tight cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, optimizing their cellular function by mimicking the in vivo environment.

School-Based Fluoride Mouth-Rinse Programs and Dental Caries Treatment Expenditure: An Ecological Study of the NDB Open Data Japan.

Objectives: The prevalence of dental caries is high in Japan, leading to a huge burden of overall expenditure on dental caries treatment for the population. School-based fluoride mouth-rinse (S-FMR) has been implemented as a public health intervention. However, its cost-effectiveness remains unclear, where universal health insurance covers a broad range of dental treatments at relatively low cost.

Japanese clinical practice guidelines for oral cancer, 2023.

The Japanese Society of Oral Oncology and Japanese Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons have jointly developed clinical practice guidelines for oral cancer (oral squamous cell carcinoma) to improve and standardize the quality of oral cancer treatment in Japan. The first, second, and third editions were published in 2009, 2013, and 2019, respectively, and the 2023 edition was recently developed. In the development of the 2023 edition, 60 clinical questions (CQs) were listed.

Workshop on the Latest Advances in Biomedical Applications of Octacalcium Phosphate.

The first workshop on the "latest advances in biomedical applications of octacalcium phosphate (OCP)" was organized as a satellite symposium to the Bioceramics33 conference in Solothurn, Switzerland, in October 2023. The event brought together leading researchers and industry representatives to present and discuss their latest groundbreaking research aimed at developing and commercializing advanced OCP-based biomaterials for bone regeneration. The topics presented by the six invited speakers ranged from a fundamental understanding of the OCP crystal chemistry to advanced processing and characterization methods, functionalization, biomineralization, and commercialization.

Enhancement of the Cytokine Adsorption Capacity of Octacalcium Phosphate by Interaction-Controlled Glycosaminoglycan Modification to Promote Osteoblastic Differentiation.

This study was designed to investigate how the strength of the interaction between octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and modified chondroitin-A sulfate (CS-A), a glycosaminoglycan, regulates the adsorption-desorption of cytokines and subsequently affects the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. The utilization of cytokines produced by cells, such as macrophages, stimulated by the hydrolysis of OCP, is expected to enhance the bone regeneration capacity of the OCP. CS-Na was used to modify CS-A on the OCP immobilized with the amino group through electrostatic interactions.

Is Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Associated With Increased Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Minor Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Under General Anesthesia?

Background: Whether postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) contributes to increased postoperative pain (POP) remains unclear, although POP is reported to cause PONV.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether PONV following minor oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) under general anesthesia increases POP.

Study Design, Setting, Sample: The researchers implemented a retrospective cohort study.