High pressure extraction of olive leaves (): bioactive compounds, bioactivity and kinetic modelling.

In this study, the extraction yield, the mathematical modeling of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) kinetics with sub- and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO) of olive leaves () and the biological activity of the extracts were evaluated. The extraction with PLE was conducted isobarically (10.3 MPa), varying the temperature (20, 40 and 60 °C) and the solvent (ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, ethanol:water-80:20, v:v), solvent flow (2 mL min) and time (110 min) and the extractions with SC-CO, varying the temperature between 20 and 60 °C and the pressure between 8 and 25 MPa, keeping the time constant (210 min) and the CO flow of 2 mL min.

Prediction of maximum oxygen uptake through incremental exercise testing using ventilometry: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is the main tool assessing cardiorespiratory fitness. However, cardiopulmonary exercise testing devices are expensive and often cannot be used.

Objective: The present study sought to develop cardiopulmonary exercise testing equations for estimating maximum oxygen uptake from ergometric testing combined with ventilometry.

Diagnosis, management, and follow-up of extensive dermoid cyst of the submental region.

Dermoid cyst (DC) is a cystic lesion of developmental origin and uncertain etiology that rarely affects the floor of the mouth. We report a case of a large lesion found in the submental and submandibular region in a 25-year-old male patient. Computed tomography revealed extensive hypodense lesion in the submental and submandibular space without peripheral enhancement.

Beer Molecules and Its Sensory and Biological Properties: A Review.

The production and consumption of beer plays a significant role in the social, political, and economic activities of many societies. During brewing fermentation step, many volatile and phenolic compounds are produced. They bring several organoleptic characteristics to beer and also provide an identity for regional producers.

Multi- To Single-Joint or the Reverse Exercise Order Does Not Affect Pectoralis Major Workout Performance.

The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of multi- to single-joint or the reverse exercise order on repetition performance and perceived exertion for the pectoralis major. Fourteen trained men (24.05 ± 4.

Regional Odontodysplasia Affecting the Maxilla.

Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare dental anomaly of unknown etiology that can affect both deciduous and permanent dentition. RO is characterized by severe hypoplasia of enamel and dentin, and teeth affected are friable and more susceptible to caries and fractures. Most of the lesions occur in the anterior maxilla and correlation with clinical and radiographic features is essential to provide a correct diagnosis.

Linseed () Oil Extraction Using Different Solvents.

This work aims at characterizing linseed oil obtained using different extraction methods (hexane, subcritical propane and pressurized ethanol), and comparing the results with commercial linseed oil extracted by cold mechanical press method. An experimental design helped to evaluate temperature and pressure effects on the oil extraction using propane and ethanol. Gas chromatography assisted in evaluating the essential fatty acids.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Characterization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Dibucaine Encapsulation.

Dibucaine (DBC) is one of the most potent long-acting local anesthetics, but it also has significant toxic side effects and low water solubility. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have been proposed as drug-delivery systems to increase the bioavailability of local anesthetics. The purpose of the present study was to characterize SLNs and NLCs composed of cetyl palmitate or myristyl myristate, a mixture of capric and caprylic acids (for NLCs only) plus Pluronic F68 prepared for the encapsulation of DBC.

Serum sodium, model for end-stage liver disease, and a recent invasive procedure are risk factors for severe acute-on-chronic liver failure and death in cirrhotic patients hospitalized with bacterial infection.

Introduction: Bacterial infection is present in up to 30% of hospitalized cirrhotic patients. It can lead, even after its resolution, to organ dysfunction and even acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). It is the precipitating factor of ACLF in one third of the cases and is the main cause of mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Urbanorum Spp: First Report in Brazil.

BACKGROUND The first scientific case related to Urbanorum spp protozoan infection was identified in Peru in 1994. Considering there are few cases catalogued, the aim of this study was to register the first case of Urbanorum spp infection in Brazil. CASE REPORT A thin 41-year-old female patient with dark skin, weighing 55 to 60 kg attended the Buriti Municipal Central Laboratory, in Maranhão, Brazil to undergo routine exams.

Genotoxicity of Turnera subulata and Spondias mombin × Spondias tuberosa Extracts from Brazilian Caatinga Biome.

Medicinal plants have been used in primary healthcare since the earliest days of humankind. Turnera subulata and Spondias mombin × Spondias tuberosa are widely used in the Brazilian Northeast to treat several diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of the leaf extracts of these species by the somatic mutation and recombination test in the somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster wings.

Antibacterial properties and compressive strength of new one-step preparation silver nanoparticles in glass ionomer cements (NanoAg-GIC).

Objectives: This work aimed (1) to develop polyacid formulations by the one-step photoreduction of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) in a polyacrylate solution of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC), imparting antibacterial activity; and (2) to evaluate handling and mechanical properties of experimental ionomers in comparison to a commercially available conventional GIC.

Methods: Formulations with increasing sub-stoichiometric amounts of AgNO were monitored during continuous UV light exposure by UV-vis spectroscopy and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The resulted synthesis of formulations containing small and disperse spherical nanoparticles (∼6 nm) were used to design the experimental nano-silver glass ionomer cements (NanoAg-GIC).

Prevalence of depressive symptoms among medical students taught using problem-based learning versus traditional methods.

Objective: To compare depressive symptoms among medical students taught using problem-based learning (PBL) and the traditional method.

Material And Methods: Beck's Depression Inventory was applied to 215 medical students. The prevalence of depression was calculated as the number of individuals with depression divided by the total number in the sample from each course, with 95% confidence intervals.

Heavy vs Light Load Single-Joint Exercise Performance with Different Rest Intervals.

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of three distinct rest period lengths between sets of upper body single-joint exercise with different load zones and volume designed for either endurance or hypertrophy (50% or 80% of 1-RM). Sixteen trained men (20.75 ± 2.

Evaluation of surgical margins according to the histological type of basal cell carcinoma.

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical margin of basal cell carcinoma and correlate this with its histologic subtype. A retrospective analysis of pathology laboratory records from 1990 to 2000 was performed and the following data was collected: age, sex, race, anatomical location, histological type, and state of the excision margins in 1,428 histopathological reports of basal cell carcinoma.

True Aneurysm of the Dorsal Artery of the Foot: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

True aneurysm of the dorsal artery of the foot is extremely rare, and its clinical manifestations are little known. A case of a true dorsalis pedis artery aneurysm in a 51-year-old man, with no history of local trauma or injury on his foot, is presented. Clinical examination and ultrasonic imaging confirmed the aneurysm.

Preparation of Thermosensitive Gel for Controlled Release of Levofloxacin and Their Application in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Levofloxacin is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for oral or intravenous administration. Chemically, levofloxacin is the levorotatory isomer (L-isomer) of racemate ofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. Quinolone derivatives rapidly and specifically inhibit the synthesis of bacterial DNA.

Evaluation of the Parameters and Conditions of Process in the Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation with Application of Permselective Membranes to Enhance Styrene Yield.

Styrene is an important monomer in the manufacture of thermoplastic. Most of it is produced by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. In this process that depends on reversible reactions, the yield is usually limited by the establishment of thermodynamic equilibrium in the reactor.

Morphometric study on the infraorbital foramen in relation to sex and side of the cranium in northeastern Brazil.

Detailed knowledge of the possible anatomical and morphometric variations of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is important for ensuring safe and successful regional anesthesia, and for avoiding iatrogenic nerve injuries during surgery on the middle third of the face. To conduct a morphometric study on the IOF, correlating this with sex and side of the cranium. Two hundred forty-two crania were used (148 male and 94 female).

Influence of different surfactants on the physicochemical properties of elastic liposomes.

Elastic liposomes are capable to improve drug transport through the skin by acting as penetration enhancers due to the high fluidity and elasticity of the liposome membranes. Therefore, elastic liposomes were prepared and characterized to facilitate the transdermal transport of bioactive molecules. Liposomes consisted of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) as the structural component, with different surfactants derived from lauric acid as elastic components: CE (polyoxyethylene-5-lauryl ether), PEG4L (polyethyleneglycol-4-lauryl ester), PEG4DL (polyethylene glycol-4-dilauryl ester), PEG8L (polyethylene glycol-8-lauryl ester) and PEG8DL (polyethylene glycol-8-dilauryl ester).

Effect of Different Interset Rest Intervals on Performance of Single and Multijoint Exercises With Near-Maximal Loads.

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of different interset rest intervals on performance of single- and multijoint exercises with near-maximal loads. Fifteen trained men (26.40 ± 4.

Median artery of the forearm in human fetuses in northeastern Brazil: anatomical study and review of the literature.

A persistent median artery is a rare anomaly. It accompanies the median nerve along its course in the forearm and is of variable origin. It is associated with other local anatomical variations and may contribute significantly towards formation of the superficial palmar arch.

Modulatory activity of Brazilian red propolis on chemically induced dermal carcinogenesis.

Purpose: To evaluate modulatory effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of Brazilian red propolis (HERP) on dermal carcinogenesis using a murine model.

Methods: The HERP was used at concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg (PROP10, PROP50 and PROP100, respectively) to modulate dermal carcinogenesis induced by the application of 9,10-dimetil-1,2-benzatraceno (DMBA) on the backs of animals.

Results: The chemical compounds identified in HERP included propyl gallate, catechin, epicatechin and formononetin.

The superior transverse scapular ligament in fetuses.

Introduction. The superior transverse scapular ligament (STSL) links the margins of the suprascapular notch and converts it into a foramen, through which, the suprascapular nerve and, on some rare occasions, the suprascapular vessels pass. This conversion often results from partial or complete ossification of the STSL and may produce compressive symptoms in the suprascapular nerve.

Arrangement of collagen fibers in the wall of the main gastrocnemius venous trunk in humans.

The main gastrocnemius trunk (MGT) drains all of the blood from the network formed by the gastrocnemius veins that emerge from the gastrocnemius muscle. Twenty MGTs were used (nine medial and eleven lateral), from male human cadavers of mean age 31.42±10.