A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of rifaximin for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.

Objective: To compare efficacy and tolerability between different regimens of rifaximin vaginal tablets and a placebo for treatment of bacterial vaginosis.

Methods: In a prospective study carried out at 13 sites in 3 European countries between August 2009 and October 2010, White, non-pregnant, premenopausal women with bacterial vaginosis were randomly assigned to receive rifaximin at 100mg for 5 days (100mg/5 days), 25mg/5 days, or 100mg/2 days, or placebo. Women were assessed at 7-10 and 28-35 days.

Aerobic vaginitis in pregnancy.

Aerobic vaginitis (AV) is an alteration in vaginal bacterial flora that differs from bacterial vaginosis (BV). AV is characterised by an abnormal vaginal microflora accompanied by an increased localised inflammatory reaction and immune response, as opposed to the suppressed immune response that is characteristic of BV. Given the increased local production of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and IL-8 associated with AV during pregnancy, not surprisingly AV is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, chorioamnionitis and funisitis of the fetus.