Metabolomic Effects of the Dietary Inclusion of Larva Meal in Tilapia.

Black soldier fly () larvae meal have been used as feed protein supplements in fish feed, but few researches have investigated the metabolomic effects of larvae meal supplements. Therefore, the metabolic effects on Nile tilapia were investigated by replacing 5%, 10%, and 20% of the dietary soybean meal in the basal diet with larvae meal, respectively. This study shows that 20% larvae meal feed could promote tilapia average daily gain of upto 5.

Genome Sequencing of by a Combination of PacBio RS II and Next-Generation Sequencing Platforms.

The fruiting bodies or mycelia of () contain many physiologically active compounds that are used to treat various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders and cancers. However, the genome of has not been sequenced, which hinders further investigations into aspects, such as bioactivity or evolutionary events. The present study is aimed at (i) performing sequencing of the assembled genome; (ii) mapping the reads from PE400 DNA into the assembled genome; (iii) identifying the full length of all the repeated sequences; and (iv) annotating protein-coding genes using GO, eggNOG, and KEGG databases.

-Inositol Restores Tilapia's Ability Against Infection by in Higher Water Temperature.

Bacterial infection presents severe challenge to tilapia farming, which is largely influenced by water temperature. However, how water temperature determines tilapias' survival to infection is not well understood. Here, we address this issue from the perspective of metabolic state.

Identification and expression analysis of miRNAs in germination and seedling growth of Tibetan hulless barley.

Germination and seedling growth are crucial for plant development and agricultural production. While, the regulatory mechanisms during these processes in Tibetan hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var.

Recombinant adenovirus expressing vesicular stomatitis virus G proteins induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice and goats.

Background: Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is an acute, highly contagious and economically important zoonotic disease caused by the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). There is a need for effective and safe stable recombinant vaccine for the control of the disease. The human type 5 replication-defective adenovirus expression vector is a good way to construct recombinant vaccines.

Apigenin, flavonoid component isolated from Gentiana veitchiorum flower suppresses the oxidative stress through LDLR-LCAT signaling pathway.

Flower of Gentiana veitchiorum has traditionally been used as an herbal medicine in Tibet for treatment of variola, respiratory infection, and pneumonia. However, the effective components contained in flower are not identified yet, and the underlying mechanisms for anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidative activities remain to be elucidated. Here, we first extracted the flavonoid mixture from G.

Malate enhances survival of zebrafish against infection in the same manner as taurine.

Development of low-cost and eco-friendly approaches to fight bacterial pathogens is especially needed in aquaculture. We previously showed that exogenous malate reprograms zebrafish's metabolome to potentiate zebrafish survival against infection. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown.

Modeling net energy requirements of 2 to 3-week-old Cherry Valley ducks.

Objective: A total of three hundred unsexed ducks were utilized to estimate net energy requirements of maintenance (NEm) and weight gain (NEg) for 2 to 3-week-old Cherry Valley ducks and to establish a model equation to predict NE requirements using the factorial method.

Methods: To determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) of the diet, fifty 7-day-old ducks at approximately equal body weights (BWs) were randomly assigned into five groups that were fed at different levels (ad libitum, 85%, 75%, 65%, and 55% of ad libitum intake), and the endogenous acid-insoluble ash as indigestible marker. The two hundred and fifty 7-day-old ducks were used for a comparative slaughter experiment.

Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts.

Marine ascidians are becoming important drug sources that provide abundant secondary metabolites with novel structures and high bioactivities. As one of the most chemically prolific marine animals, more than 1200 inspirational natural products, such as alkaloids, peptides, and polyketides, with intricate and novel chemical structures have been identified from ascidians. Some of them have been successfully developed as lead compounds or highly efficient drugs.

Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China.

The overland flow erosion is common and became more serious because of the climate warming inducing more runoff in the Tibet Plateau. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effects of flow rate, slope gradient, shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying section on the soil detachment capacity for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China due to the information is limited. To achieve this aim, laboratory experiments were performed under six flow rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 L min) and six slope gradients (8.

Identification and functional characterization of lactadherin, an agglutinating glycoprotein from the chordate Styela clava.

Lactadherin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein with stimulating agglutination ability that plays crucial roles in animal immunology. In the present study, a novel lactadherin, Sc-lactadherin, was identified from the marine invertebrate chordate, Styela clava. Its full-length cDNA consisted of 579 bps, encoding 193 amino acids with a coagulation FA58C domain.

Effects of Dietary Zinc on Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, Antioxidant Status, and Tissue Zinc Accumulation of Pekin Ducks.

This study investigated the effects of dietary zinc on carcass traits, meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and tissue zinc accumulation of Pekin ducks. A total of 768 1-day-old Pekin ducks were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments and penned in groups of 16 with 8 pens per treatment. Ducks were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with graded levels of zinc sulfate (0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 mg zinc/kg) for 35 days.

Purification of Chinese Sacbrood Virus (CSBV), Gene Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of its Structural Protein VP1.

The aim of this study was to purify the Chinese Sacbrood Virus Beijing Miyun (BJMY-CSBV) from infected Apis cerana larvae, clone structural protein gene VP1 (named BJMY-CSBV-VP1), and investigate its biological information. The result indicated that the capsid of CSBV is of spherical shape. Gene clone experiment showed that the BJMY-CSBV-VP1 gene sequence comprised 945 bp, encoding 315 amino acids with relative molecular weight of 35.

Effect of Iron Supplementation on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Nutrient Utilization, Organ Development, and Fe-Containing Enzyme Activity in Pekin Ducks.

The current study was conducted with a mathematical model to investigate the appropriate iron supplementation by analyzing growth performance, hematological parameters, nutrient utilization, organ development, and Fe-containing enzyme activity in Pekin ducks. A total of 1120 ducks (1-day-old; 50.62 ± 0.

Differential Antibody Responses to Outer Membrane Proteins Contribute to Differential Immune Protections between Live and Inactivated Vibrio parahemolyticus.

It is widely accepted that live vaccines elicit higher immune protection than inactivated vaccines. However, the mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, an array with 64 recombinant outer membrane proteins of Vibrio parahemolyticus was developed to explore antibody responses of live and inactivated V.

The depressed central carbon and energy metabolisms is associated to the acquisition of levofloxacin resistance in Vibrio alginolyticus.

Unlabelled: The overuse and misuse of antibiotics lead to bacterial antibiotic resistance, challenging human health and intensive cultivation. It is especially required to understand for the mechanism of antibiotic resistance to control antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The present study characterized the differential proteome of levofloxacin-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus with the most advanced iTRAQ quantitative proteomics technology.

Boosted TCA cycle enhances survival of zebrafish to Vibrio alginolyticus infection.

Vibrio alginolyticus is a waterborne pathogen that infects a wide variety of hosts including fish and human, and the outbreak of this pathogen can cause a huge economic loss in aquaculture. Thus, enhancing host's capability to survive from V. alginolyticus infection is key to fighting infection and this remains still unexplored.

Down-regulation of Noggin and miR-138 coordinately promote osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate to osteocytes under suitable conditions. In recent years, micro-nucleotides have been progressively used to modulate gene expression in cells due to the consideration of safety. Our present study aimed to investigate whether co-delivery of Noggin-siRNA and antimiR-138 enhances the osteogenic effect of MSCs.

Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Development, and Intestinal Barrier-Related Gene Expression in Pekin Ducks.

The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc supplementation on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and the transcription of the barrier function related genes in Pekin ducks. Seven-hundred and sixty-eight 1-day-old Pekin ducks were randomly assigned into six dietary treatments. Each treatment had eight replicates with 16 ducks per replicates.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (Hericiaceae, Basidiomycota).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of the medicinal mushroom (Hericiaceae, Basidiomycota) was sequenced. This mitochondrial genome is 72,961 bp in length and consisted of 14 protein-coding genes, 21 hypothetical open reading frames, 2 ribosomal RNA subunits and 27 transfer RNAs. The overall nucleotide composition of is 41.

Metabolic Mechanism for l-Leucine-Induced Metabolome To Eliminate Streptococcus iniae.

Crucial metabolites that modulate hosts' metabolome to eliminate bacterial pathogens have been documented, but the metabolic mechanisms are largely unknown. The present study explores the metabolic mechanism for l-leucine-induced metabolome to eliminate Streptococcus iniae in tilapia. GC-MS-based metabolomics was used to investigate the tilapia liver metabolic profile in the presence of exogenous l-leucine.

Genetic variation in WDR1 is associated with gout risk and gout-related metabolic indices in the Han Chinese population.

Gout is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis affecting men, and current evidence suggests that genetic factors contribute to its progression. As a previous study identified that WD40 repeat protein 1 (WDR1) is associated with gout in populations of European descent, we sought to investigate its relationship with this disease in the Han Chinese population. We genotyped six WDR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 143 gout cases and 310 controls using Sequenom MassARRAY technology.

The population genetics of pharmacogenomics VIP variants in the Sherpa population.

Polymorphic distributions of pharmacogenes among some ethnicities are under-represented in current pharmacogenetic research. Particularly, there is a paucity of pharmacogenetic information in the Sherpa population in Tibet. We used the Sequenom MassARRAY single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping technology to detect 86 very important pharmacogene (VIP) variants in Sherpas and compared the genotypic frequencies of these variants with HapMap populations.