Diverse strategies utilized by coronaviruses to evade antiviral responses and suppress pyroptosis.

Viral infections trigger inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation. Nevertheless, limited understanding exists regarding how viruses use the active caspase-1 to evade host immune response. Here, we use porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) as a model of coronaviruses (CoVs) to illustrate the intricate regulation of CoVs to combat IFN-I signaling and pyroptosis.

Beneficial effects of ε-polylysine on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers fed a lysine-deficient diet.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary ε-polylysine supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers fed a lysine-deficient diet. A total of 960 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated into six groups with eight replicates and 20 birds per replicate. Birds in the six groups were fed a lysine-deficient basal diet (-0.

Revision of the subgenus Orientostichus Sciaky & Allegro in Southeast China, with descriptions of seven new species of the Pterostichus prattii Bates species group (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichini).

The subgenus Orientostichus Sciaky & Allegro, 2013 from Southeast China is reviewed. A total of eleven species were recognized from this area, all belonging to the Pterostichus prattii Bates, 1890 species group. They are mainly differentiated by the characters of pronotum basal foveae, elytral microsculpture, male sexual modification on sternite VII, and endophallus of male genitalia.

Isorhapontigenin alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury by promoting fatty acid oxidation.

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic medicine. It is frequently employed to alleviate pain and mitigate fever-related symptoms, but it can cause liver injury or even liver failure when overdosed. Isorhapontigenin, a compound derived from Chinese herbs and grapes, has been demonstrated to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Morpho-molecular analysis of two new species and in Agaricales from Mount Tianmu, China.

Two new species of Agaricales, and , are described from Mount Tianmu, Zhejiang Province, Eastern China. Two new species are distinct and monophyletic based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses. differs from other species in that the pileus is brow shallow in the center and stipe with yellowish white fibrils, scatted on litter under coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest at 1162 m.

A global genome dataset for Salmonella Gallinarum recovered between 1920 and 2024.

Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) is an avian-specific pathogen responsible for fowl typhoid, a severe systemic disease with high mortality in chickens. This disease poses a substantial burden to the poultry industry, particularly in developing countries like China.

Itaconic Acid Alleviates Perfluorooctanoic Acid-Induced Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Damage by Regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/Ho-1 Pathway and Reshaping the Gut Microbiota.

Itaconic acid (IA) is recognized for its potential application in treating intestinal diseases owing to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) can accumulate in animals and result in oxidative and inflammatory damages to multi-tissue and organ, particularly in the intestinal tract. This study aimed to explore whether IA could mitigate intestinal damage induced by PFOA exposure in laying hens and elucidate its potential underlying mechanisms.

PRRSV utilizes MALT1-regulated autophagy flux to switch virus spread and reserve.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major swine pathogen, which can survive host antiviral immunity with various mechanisms. PRRSV infection induces macroautophagy/autophagy, facilitating virus replication. MALT1, a central immune regulator, was manipulated by PRRSV to optimize viral infection at different stages of the virus cycle.

Nanobody peptide conjugate: a novel CD163 based broad neutralizing strategy against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent swine pathogen, which has caused adverse impact on the global swine industry for almost 30 years. However, due to the immune suppression caused by the virus and the genetic diversity in PRRSV, no virus-targeting broad neutralizing strategy has been successfully developed yet. Antiviral peptide and nanobody have attracted extensive attention with the ease in production and the efficacy in practice.

Population structure and diversification of , a plant species with extremely small populations endemic to eastern China.

Background: is the only species distributed in the subtropical region within the spring ephemeral genus . Extensive human exploitation and habitat destruction have resulted in a rapid shrink of populations. This study utilizes microsatellite markers to analyze the genetic diversity and structure and to deduce historical population events of extant populations of .

Unraveling the treatment effects of huanglian jiedu decoction on drug-induced liver injury based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation.

Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HJD) is a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine formula that has been used for liver protection in thousands of years. However, the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of HJD in treating drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remain unknown. In this study, a total of 26 genes related to both HJD and DILI were identified, which are corresponding to a total of 41 potential active compounds in HJD.

Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism regulation in an aged laying hen model.

Polysaccharides extracted from Hericium erinaceus (HEP) exhibit hepatoprotective activity in the alleviation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the mechanisms underlying whether and how HEP regulation of the gut microbiota to alleviate liver-associated metabolic disorders are not well understood. This study used an aged laying hen model to explore the mechanisms through which HEP alleviates NAFLD, with a focus on regulatory function of HEP in the gut microbiome. The results showed that HEP ameliorated hepatic damage and metabolic disorders by improving intestinal barrier function and shaping the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolic profiles.

Comparison of different animal models for estimating genetic parameters for early growth traits and reproductive traits in Tianmu Sainuo sheep.

As the economic level of individuals rises, so too does the demand for mutton. Enhancing the breeds of mutton sheep not only boosts production efficiency and economic benefits but also fosters the sustainable growth of the mutton sheep breeding industry. Thus, this study examines the early growth and reproductive traits of Tianmu Sainuo sheep, analyzing the genetic interactions among these traits to furnish a theoretical foundation for refining breeding strategies and expediting the genetic advancement of this breed.

Effect of hydrogel drug delivery system for treating ulcerative colitis: A preclinical meta-analysis.

Hydrogel drug delivery systems (DDSs) for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) have garnered attention. However, there is a lack of meta-analysis summarizing their effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of pre-clinical evidence comparing hydrogel DDSs with free drug administration.

A Diverging Species within the (Theaceae) Complex Revealed by RAD-Seq Data.

Informed species delimitation is crucial in diverse biological fields; however, it can be problematic for species complexes. Showing a peripatric distribution pattern, and (the complex) provide us with an opportunity to study species boundaries among taxa undergoing nascent speciation. Here, we generated genomic data from representative individuals across the natural distribution ranges of the complex using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq).

Synergistic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar are highly beneficial to Ligustrum lucidum seedlings in Cd-contaminated soil.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a widespread environmental issue. There is a lack of knowledge about the impacts of applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biochar, either alone or in their combination, on alleviating Cd phytotoxicity in Ligustrum lucidum. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where L.

A new species of forest hedgehog (, Erinaceidae, Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) from eastern China.

The hedgehog genus (Erinaceidae, Eulipotyphla) is currently comprised of four species, , , , and . Except for , which is found in southwestern China, the other three species are mainly distributed in northern China and adjacent Mongolia and Russia. From 2018 to 2023, we collected seven specimens from Anhui and Zhejiang provinces, eastern China.

Rhizosphere effects of moso bamboo and dominant tree species of secondary broadleaved forest on soil organic carbon mineralization.

The rhizosphere effect of plants affects soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization. It is still unclear for the mechanism by which the rhizosphere effect of dominant plants in secondary broadleaved forest habitats invaded by moso bamboo affects SOC mineralization. Taking broadleaved tree species ( and ) and moso bamboo, dominating respectively in uninvaded secondary broadleaved forest and bamboo forest formed after the invasion as test materials, we investigated rhizosphere effect of plants on the SOC mineralization in laboratory incubation experiments.

Resistance of Mycorrhizal Seedlings to Salt Spray Depends on K and P Uptake.

Salt spray is a major environmental issue in coastal areas. is an economically important tree species that grows in the coastal areas of southern China. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can alleviate the detrimental effects of abiotic stress on host plants.

Relationship between carbon stock and the structure of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in Tianmu Mountains, China.

Taking the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest of Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province as research object, we divided the tree species into three pairs, including evergreen and deci-duous species, broad-leaved and coniferous species, dominant and non-dominant species, to compare the difference of the individual tree carbon stock of each pair and analyze the diameter distribution pattern and tree height distribution pattern of carbon stocks. The relationship between spatial structure and individual tree carbon stock was analyzed by using spatial structure indicators including V_Hegyi competition index, complete mingling and aggregation index, to reveal the relationship between the structure of coniferous and broad-leaved forests and carbon stocks, and provide a theoretical basis for management of forest carbon sequestration. The results showed that the average individual carbon stock for evergreen and deciduous species, broad-leaved and coniferous species, dominant and non-dominant species were 57.

Identification of common buckwheat ( Moench) adulterated in Tartary buckwheat ( (L.) Gaertn) flour based on near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) presents great potential in the identification of food adulteration due to its advantages of nondestructive, simple, and easy to operate. In this paper, a method based on NIRS and chemometrics was proposed to predict the content of common buckwheat ( Moench) flour in Tartary buckwheat ( (L.) Gaertn) flour.

Temperature-dependent interphase formation and Li transport in lithium metal batteries.

High-performance Li-ion/metal batteries working at a low temperature (i.e., <-20 °C) are desired but hindered by the sluggish kinetics associated with Li transport and charge transfer.