Corrosion Evaluation and Mechanism Research of AISI 8630 Steel in Offshore Oil and Gas Environments.

In this study, we optimized the traditional composition of AISI 8630 steel and evaluated its corrosion resistance through a series of tests. We conducted corrosion tests in a 3.5% NaCl solution and performed a 720 h fixed-load tensile test in accordance with the NACE TM-0177-2016 standard to assess sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC).

Balloon-Shaped SMF Blood Glucose Concentration and Temperature Sensor Based on Core-Offset Structure.

A blood glucose concentration and temperature sensor with a balloon-shaped single-mode fiber (SMF) based on a core-offset structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The balloon-shaped SMF is created by offset-fusing a straight-line SMF between two other SMFs, thereby forming a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The core-offset structure can effectively excite higher-order cladding modes.

Degradation Type-Aware Image Restoration for Effective Object Detection in Adverse Weather.

Despite significant advancements in CNN-based object detection technology, adverse weather conditions can disrupt imaging sensors' ability to capture clear images, thereby adversely impacting detection accuracy. Mainstream algorithms for adverse weather object detection enhance detection performance through image restoration methods. Nevertheless, the majority of these approaches are designed for a specific degradation scenario, making it difficult to adapt to diverse weather conditions.

Dual Redox Reactions of Silver Hexacyanoferrate Prussian Blue Analogue Enable Superior Electrochemical Performance for Zinc-ion Storage.

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have been employed as host materials of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), however, they suffer from low capacity and poor cycling stability due to limited electron transfer and the presence of interstitial water in PBAs. Herein, a vacancy and water-free silver hexacyanoferrate KAgFe(CN) (AgHCF-3) was synthesized by adjusting the ratio of K and Ag in the framework. It offers nearly four electrons involving two sequential redox reactions, namely, Fe/Fe and Ag/Ag, to deliver a large capacity of 179.

BaGeFQ (Q = S, Se) and BaGeFSe: new F-based chalcohalides with enhanced birefringence.

Three new F-based chalcohalides, BaGeFQ (Q = S, Se) and BaGeFSe, have been successfully synthesized. On going from BaGeFSe (Δ = 0.063@1064 nm) to BaGeFQ (Q = S, Se) (Δ = 0.

Cluster-Cation Pairs Mediated Assembly of Subnanometer Polyoxometalates Superstructures.

Superstructures assembled by subnanometer polyoxometalate (POM) clusters are interesting for their attractive structures and excellent properties. However, the complex interactions between clusters and cations make it challenging to control the assembly of POM clusters at the subnanometer scale. Here, 20 cluster-assembled superstructures built by two types of MPWO (M = La-Lu) clusters are successfully synthesized.

Enhancement of single-atom catalytic activity by the synergistic effect of interlayer charge transfer and magnetic coupling in an electride-based heterostructure.

2D material-based single-atom catalysts have rapidly emerged and flourished in recent years due to their exceptional atomic utilization efficiency, adjustable catalytic activity, and remarkably high selectivity. The interface matching mechanism of 2D materials, influenced by van der Waals (vdW) interactions, presents a novel opportunity for constructing a heterostructure, further augmenting catalytic efficiency. In this work, the mechanism of performance regulation of magnetic transition-metal decorated MoS single-atom catalysis by importing a GdC electride substrate is investigated using first-principles calculations.

Vanadium niobium carbide (VNbCT) bimetallic MXene derived VS-NbO@MXene heterostructures for efficiently boosting the adsorption and catalytic performance of lithium polysulfide.

To alleviate the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, the electrocatalytic conversion of polysulfides serves as a vital strategy. However, achieving a synergy that combines robust adsorption with high catalytic activity continues to pose significant challenges. Herein, a simple solid-state sintering method is employed to transform vanadium-niobium carbide MXene (VNbCT) into a heterogeneous structure of VS-NbO@VNbCT MXene (denoted as VS-NbO@MX).

Heteroatom-Controlled Three-Component [4 + 3] or [3 + 2] Annulation of Isatin-Derived Azomethine Ylide with Azadiene: Selective Synthesis of Spirooxindole-diazepines and Density Functional Theory Studies.

A novel three-component [4 + 3] annulation reaction of isatin-derived azomethine ylides with azadienes was developed for the first time to efficiently synthesize spirooxindole-diazepines incorporating a benzothiophene moiety under catalyst-free conditions. Effects of the heteroatom of azadiene on the chemoselectivity was investigated. With the use of the azadiene bearing a benzofuran moiety as a substrate, the dominant reaction pathway was changed to an α-[3 + 2] annulation.

Reticular chemistry-aided effective design of new second-order nonlinear optical selenites.

Noncentrosymmetric (NCS) compounds are particularly important for modern optoelectronic technology, yet their rational structural design remains a great challenge. Herein, assisted by the idea of bottom-up reticular chemistry, seven new NCS selenites, AM[SeO][SeO] (A = K/Rb/Cs; M = Al/Ga/In), have been successfully designed and synthesized by assembling main-group metal octahedral units and SeO units, to construct honeycomb layers with regular channels to accommodate a variety of cations, and using planar hexagonal shapes to orientate the groups within the network. Based on this strategy, the overall symmetry of the solid-state compounds was effectively controlled, and by modifying locally connected atoms or groups, without disrupting the overall prototypical framework, a series of iso-reticular analogues have been obtained, which greatly increases the probability of NCS structures.

RE(HSeO)(SeO)(HO)·(HO) (RE = Y, Gd): Two Rare-Earth Selenite Nonlinear Optical Crystals with Wide Band Gaps.

The band gap is one of the significant parameters for nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, which is the key factor in their application band in laser technology. This study reports the synthesis of two rare-earth selenite NLO crystals, namely, RE(HSeO)(SeO)(HO)·(HO) (RE = Y, Gd), utilizing the hydrothermal technique. The two compounds are isostructural, and both belong to the orthorhombic chiral space group of 222 and possess three-dimensional structures consisting of two-dimensional rare-earth selenite layers connected by hydrogen bonds (O-H··O).

Research on the Remaining Useful Life Prediction Method of Energy Storage Battery Based on Multimodel Integration.

The remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) needs to be accurately predicted to enhance equipment safety and battery management system design. Currently, a single machine learning approach (including an improved machine learning approach) has poor generalization performance due to stochasticity, and the combined prediction approach lacks sufficient theoretical support at the same time. In this paper, we first analyze the prediction principles and applicability of models such as long and short-term memory networks and random forests, and then propose a method for predicting the RUL of batteries based on the integration of multiple-model, and finally validate the proposed model by using experimental data.

Enhanced Infrared Emission from Rare-Earth Double Perovskite Embedded in Fluoride Glass with Different B-Site Cation Structures for NO Sensing in a Hydrogen Stream.

Rare-earth halide perovskites can lead to a distinctive infrared luminescence. However, achieving tunable infrared luminescence presents significant challenges. The leptons of their f-f ubiquitous forbidden ring influence the energy level splitting, and the substitution of atoms in perovskite by rare-earth ions also distorts the crystal structure.

Loading Dyes into Chiral Cd/Zn-Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Full-Color Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Host-guest chemistry of chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has endowed them with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), it is still limited for MOFs to systematically tune full-color CPL emissions and sizes. This work directionally assembles the chiral ligands, metal sites and organic dyes to prepare a series of crystalline enantiomeric D/L-Cd/Zn-n MOFs (n=1~5, representing the adding amount of dyes), where D/L-Cd/Zn with the formula of Cd(D/L-Cam)(TPyPE) and Zn(D/L-Cam)(TPyPE) (D/L-Cam=D/L-camphoric acid, TPyPE=4,4',4'',4'''-(1,2-henediidenetetra-4,1-phenylene)tetrakis[pyridine]) were used as the chiral platforms. The framework-dye-enabled emission and through-space chirality transfer facilitate D/L-Cd/Zn-n bright full-color CPL activity.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of NiTi Alloy Prepared by Double-Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing Plus Heat Treatment.

In this study, NiTi shape memory alloy was prepared by double-wire + arc additive manufacturing plus heat treatment using TA1 and ER-Ni welding wires as the raw materials. The results show that the microstructural evolution from the bottom to top is NiTi + NiTi → NiTi + NiTi + NiTi → NiTi + NiTi + NiTi + NiTi + α-Ti. Complex thermal cycles led to the precipitation of NiTi, which improves the hardness of the matrix (B2), and the average hardness value of the top region reaches 550.

Oxygen Vacancies Regulated S-Scheme Charge Transport Route in BiVO-OVs/g-CN Heterojunction for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance.

Oxygen vacancies (OVs) are widely considered as active sites in photocatalytic reactions, yet the crucial role of OVs in S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts requires deeper understanding. In this work, OVs at hetero-interface regulated S-scheme BiVO-OVs/g-CN photocatalysts are constructed. The Fermi-level structures of BiVO and g-CN lead to a redistribution of charges at the heterojunction interface, inducing an internal electric field at the interface, which tends to promote the recombination of photogenerated carriers at the interface.

KCdGeO: A Congruent-Melting Germanate Nonlinear Optical Crystal with a Moderate Second-Harmonic Generation Intensity and Broad Transparent Window.

Mid-infrared (IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have generated extensive research interest because of their crucial role in laser technology applications. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel cadmium germanate NLO crystal, KCdGeO, using spontaneous crystallization. KCdGeO demonstrates a distinct three-dimensional structural framework characterized by twisted [GeO] and [CdO] clusters, composed of [GeO], [CdO], [CdO], and [CdO] basic building units, respectively, which represents an unprecedented structural feature.

Multiple Topological Phases with Electronic Correlation in Intrinsic Ferromagnetic Semimetal VI Monolayer.

2D topological materials with magnetic ordering have become hot topics due to their nontrivial band topology and quantum states. In this work, the second-order topological states and evolution of linear band crossing are successfully predicted utilizing the effective k· p and tight binding models in the intrinsic ferromagnetic VI monolayer under various effective Hubble interaction U. Upon inclusion of spin orbit coupling, a small bandgap (E-1) of 12.

Constructing S-scheme heterojunction CsBiBr/BiOBr via in-situ partial conversion to boost photocatalytic N fixation.

The judicious construction of interfaces with swift charge communication to enhance the utilization efficiency of photogenerated carriers is a viable strategy for boosting the photocatalytic performance of heterojunctions. Herein, an in-situ partial conversion strategy is reported for decorating lead-free halide perovskite CsBiBr nanocrystals onto BiOBr hollow nanotube, resulting in the formation of an S-scheme heterojunction CsBiBr/BiOBr. This unique in-situ growth approach imparts a closely contacted interface to the CsBiBr/BiOBr heterojunction, facilitating interfacial electron transfer and spatial charge separation compared to a counterpart (CsBiBr:BiOBr) fabricated via traditional electrostatic self-assembly.