Sub-Nanometer Pt Nanowires with Disordered Shells for Highly Active Elelctrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic Acid.

Controlled synthesis of one-dimensional materials at atomic-scale dimensions represents a milestone in nanotechnology, offering the potential to maximize atom utilization while enhancing catalytic performance. However, achieving structural stability and durability at such fine scales requires precise control over material structure and local chemical environment. Here, we introduce dimethylamine (DMA) as a small-molecule modifier, in contrast to conventional long-chain surfactants, to interact with surface Pt atoms.

A Hydrolytically Stable Metal-Organic Framework for Simultaneous Desulfurization and Dehydration of Wet Flue Gas.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great prospects as adsorbents for industrial gas purification, but often suffer from issues of water stability and competitive water adsorption. Herein, we present a hydrolytically stable MOF that could selectively capture and recover trace SO from flue gas, and exhibits remarkable recyclability in the breakthrough experiments under wet flue-gas conditions, due to its excellent resistance to the corrosion of SO and the water-derived capillary forces. More strikingly, its SO capture efficiency is barely influenced by the increasing humidity, even if the pore filling with water is reached.

Control strategy of the novel stator free speed regulating wind turbine generation system.

Building a high-proportion renewable energy power system is a key measure to address the challenges of the energy revolution and climate change. However, current high-proportion renewable energy systems face issues of frequency instability and voltage fluctuations. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel topology for a stator free speed regulating wind turbine generation system.

Design of High-Performance Infrared Nonlinear Optical PAsS with Perfectly Aligned Polar Molecular Cage via a Bipolar-Axis-Symmetry Coupling Strategy.

Strong polar molecular cages have recently emerged as novel functional building units for high-performance infrared nonlinear optical (IR NLO) crystals. However, these highly polar molecular cages often arrange themselves in a way that cancels out their polarity, leading to a more energetically stable state. As a result, most cage crystal formations tend to crystallize in centrosymmetric space groups, which conflicts with the primary requirement for NLO crystals.

Occupational exposure to traditional and emerging organophosphate esters: A comparison of levels across different sources and blood distribution.

Currently, there is limited knowledge regarding occupational exposure of traditional and emerging organophosphate esters (OPEs) from e-waste and automobile dismantling activities, and their distribution within the human blood. In the present study, we collected dust and urine samples from e-waste (ED) (n = 91 and 130, respectively) and automobile dismantling (AD) plants (n = 93 and 94, respectively), as well as serum-plasma-whole blood samples (sets from 128 participants) within ED areas for analyzing traditional and emerging organophosphate tri-esters (tri-OPEs) and organophosphate di-esters (di-OPEs). Median concentration of ∑tri-OPEs and ∑di-OPEs in dust (37,400 and 9,000 ng/g in ED, and 27,000 and 14,700 ng/g in AD areas, respectively) and urine samples (11.

Melting-free integrated photonic memory with layered polymorphs.

Chalcogenide-based nonvolatile phase change materials (PCMs) have a long history of usage, from bulk disk memory to all-optic neuromorphic computing circuits. Being able to perform uniform phase transitions over a subwavelength scale makes PCMs particularly suitable for photonic applications. For switching between nonvolatile states, the conventional chalcogenide phase change materials are brought to a melting temperature to break the covalent bonds.

[Characteristics of Spatial Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Seasonal Change of Different Vegetation Buffer Zones in Duliujian River].

Different vegetation types may affect the accumulation and transformation of soil organic carbon （SOC）, but it is unclear whether the organic carbon fixation is realized by litter input and/or root control of environmental factors and dissolved organic matter （DOM） of soils. In this study, the spatial distribution characteristics of easily oxidizable organic carbon （EOC）, dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, particulate organic carbon （POC）, mineral-bound organic carbon （MAOC）, and their seasonal variations in the surface soil （0-10 cm） were studied in different vegetation zones of the arbor forest （at the upper position）, the mixed forest of arbor and shrub （at the middle position）, and the waterfront vegetation （at the bottom position） in the ecological embankment of Duliujian River, Tianjin, China. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil DOM components and their seasonal changes were also analyzed by combining UV-visible spectroscopy and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy.

A Universal Strategy for Synthesis of Large-Area and Ultrathin Metal Oxide/rGO Film Towards Scalable Fabrication of High-Performance Wearable Microsupercapacitors.

High-performance wearable microsupercapacitor (MSC) as energy storage components is highly desirable for developing self-powering wearable electronics. However, synthesis of MSC electrode film concurrently possessing large area, ultrathin thickness, and high areal energy storage capability is still challenging. Herein, a universal strategy is reported to synthesize large-area and ultrathin metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid-structured films by attaching self-assembled film of a wide range of MONPs onto self-assembled rGO film and subsequent carbonization.

Root-Growth-Inspired Self-Morphology-Evolution of Microsized Bismuth Surrounded by Microsized Hard Carbon for Stabilized Sodium-Ion Storage.

Alloy-type materials are desirable for high-energy sodium-ion batteries. Different from nanoengineering with pre-reserving void space and confined carbon coatings, microsized particles promise high specific/volumetric capacities, easy manufacturing, and low cost but are prone to rapid capacity loss. Herein, inspired by the process of "root growth in soil", microsized Bi particles (µm-Bi, as "seeds") surrounded by microsized hard carbon particles (µm-HC, as "soil") are ingeniously dispersed through a simple mixing approach.

Cement-mortar lining failure and metal release caused by electrochemical corrosion of ductile iron pipes in drinking water distribution systems.

The electrochemical corrosion of ductile pipes (DPs) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) has a crucial impact on cement-mortar lining (CML) failure and metal release, potentially leading to drinking water quality deterioration and posing a risk to public health. An in-situ scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) with micron-scale resolution, microscopic scale detection and water quality analysis were used to investigate the corrosion behavior and metal release from DPs throughout the whole CML failure process. Metal pollutants release occurred at three different stages of CML failure process, and there are potential risks of water quality deterioration exceeding the maximum allowable levels set by national standards in the partial failure stage and lining peeling stage.

Construction of a novel NIR-emissive rhodamine derivative for monitoring mitochondrial viscosity in ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed cell death mechanism, is mediated by distinct molecular pathways of lipid peroxidation caused by intracellular iron supplementation and glutathione synthesis inhibition that cause oxidative damage to the cell membrane. Monitoring viscosity changes of mitochondria is essential for a deeper understanding of ferroptosis, as mitochondria will be shrunk with increased membrane density and leading to drastic mitochondrial viscous changes during ferroptosis process. Thus, it is essential to explore novel and efficient fluorescent probes for monitoring viscosity in organisms.

A study of liquidity cross-chain models based on convex optimization.

Blockchain after several years of hustle, bustle, precipitation, and sublimation, with the landing application step by step towards maturity and development, gradually spawned the outreach needs of interacting with other applications. At this stage, only the mobility cross-chain interoperability technology is the infrastructure system that can perfectly solve such needs. To achieve a cross-chain system that defines and realizes user-free liquidity interoperability according to the cross-chain environment and cross-chain requirements, this paper designs a convex optimization-based liquidity contract pair cross-chain model.

The era of digital trade: Exploring new mechanisms and threshold effects for green upgrading of manufacturing companies.

The green transformation of manufacturing companies is of strategic importance for promoting sustainable development, optimising energy structure and improving environmental quality. This article empirically examines the impact of digital trade on the green transformation of manufacturing companies and the role of green technology innovation using panel data of Chinese A-share listed manufacturing companies from 2011 to 2021. The findings are as follows: digital trade significantly accelerates the green transformation of manufacturing companies, and this effect is more obvious in mature companies, highly competitive industries and non-renewable energy companies.

Construction of pyridine-functionalized metal-organic frameworks for the detection of flazasulfuron.

Two novel Cu-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), namely, poly[[aquadichlorido[μ-4'-(pyridin-4-yl)-[2,2':6',2''-terpyridine]-4,4''-dicarboxylato][μ-4'-(pyridin-4-yl)-[2,2':6',2''-terpyridine]-4,4''-dicarboxylato]tricopper(II)] monohydrate], {[Cu(CHNO)Cl(HO)]·HO} or {[Cu(PTP)Cl(HO)]·HO}, (I), and poly[[diaquabis[μ-4'-(pyridin-3-yl)-[2,2':6',2''-terpyridine]-4,4''-dicarboxylato]bis(μ-terephthalato)tricopper(II)] dihydrate], {[Cu(CHNO)(CHO)(HO)]·2HO} or {[Cu(BDC)(MTP)(HO)]·2HO}, (II), have been synthesized successfully with 4'-(pyridin-4-yl)-[2,2':6',2''-terpyridine]-4,4''-dicarboxylic acid (HPTP) and 4'-(pyridin-3-yl)-[2,2':6',2''-terpyridine]-4,4''-dicarboxylic acid (HMTP) as the ligands, respectively. Crystal structure analysis reveals that (II) possesses a 2D coordinated layer structure, in which adjacent 2D coordination layers are linked into 3D frameworks through π-π interactions, while the structure of (I) displays dual coordination layers, in which adjacent coordination layers are connected into a 3D framework through hydrogen-bonding interactions. The photophysical properties of the two MOFs were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy.

Achieving Ultrahigh Photoluminescence Quantum Yield in Highly Stable CsCuI Perovskite Single Crystals Through Melt Growth.

Low-dimensional halide perovskites CsCuI have garnered increasing attention for their exceptional luminescent properties, attributed to their stability, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), and scintillation efficiency. Here, we report the growth of transparent CsCuI crystals via the Bridgman method, emphasizing precise control of melt stoichiometry for optimal performance. Through melt composition optimization, significant improvements in crystal clarity and structural integrity were achieved, enhancing transmittance from 30% to over 80% and achieving nearly 100% PLQY.

An Indicator Based on Spatial Coordinate Information for Assessing the Capability for Dynamic Machining Performance of Five-Axis Flank Milling.

As a spatial coordinate sensor, the touch-trigger on-machine probe is a key equipment in manufacturing that ensures machining quality, and it has played an important role in five-axis flank milling. However, in flank milling, the utilization of the deviation as a conventional indicator for quality assessment of the machining performance is incomprehensive without considering the characteristics of the machining method. In this paper, the error mutual moment is introduced as an indicator to assess the capability for dynamic machining performance of the machine tool in flank milling based on the spatial coordinate information of the touch-trigger on-machine probe considering the characteristic of the error distribution of the flank milling.

Biodegradation of Crude Oil and Aniline by Heavy Metal-Tolerant Strain sp. DH-2.

Aniline and crude oil are common environmental pollutants that present a significant risk to both the ecological and human health environments. The implementation of efficacious bioremediation strategies is imperative for the elimination of these contaminants. In this study, a bacterial strain designated DH-2 was isolated from soil contaminated with aniline.

A digital design framework for the dimensional optimization of parallel robots based on kinematic and elasto-dynamic performance.

The dimensional optimization based on kinematic and dynamic performance indices is proven significant for improving the operational performance of parallel robots. As the pose-dependent performances vary with the dimensional parameters, there are still many challenges in the optimal design of parallel robots, such as the possible conflict amongst different performance indices and computational expensiveness. By considering a 4-DOF high-speed parallel robot as an illustrative example, this paper presents a framework for the optimal design of parallel robots by integrating skeleton modeling, CAD-CAE integration and multi-objective optimization techniques.

Electrode informatics accelerated the optimization of key catalyst layer parameters in direct methanol fuel cells.

As the core component of direct methanol fuel cells, the catalyst layer plays the key role as a species, proton and electron transport channel. However, due to the complexity of the system, optimizing its performance involves a large number of experiments and high costs. In this study, finite element simulation combined with machine learning model was constructed to accelerate power density prediction and evaluate the influence of catalyst layer parameters on the maximum power density of direct methanol fuel cells.

Effect of microtextured titanium sheets using laser enhances proliferation and collagen synthesis of mouse fibroblasts via the TGF-β/Smad pathway.

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of hexagonal microtextured titanium sheets on fibroblast growth and collagen synthesis, crucial factors in anastomotic healing.

Materials And Methods: Hexagonal titanium sheets were fabricated using a laser microtextured machine. Mouse fibroblastic embryonic stem cells (NIH/3T3) were cultured on these sheets.

Hypercrosslinked Metal-Organic Polyhedra Electrolyte with High Transference Number and Fast Conduction of Li Ions.

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with high Li-ion transference numbers and fast ionic conductivity are urgently needed for technological innovations in lithium-metal batteries. To promote the dissociation of ion pairs and overcome the mechanical brittleness and interface defects caused by traditional fillers in polymeric electrolytes, we designed and fabricated a cationic hypercrosslinking metal-organic polyhedra (HCMOPs) polymer as SSE. Benefiting a three-component synergistic effect: cationic MOPs, branched polyethyleneimine macromonomer and polyelectrolyte units, the Li-HCMOP electrolyte possesses a high Li-ion conductivity, a high Li-ion transference number and a low activation energy.