Current applications and research trends of ultrasound examination in acute kidney injury assessment: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant clinical condition, and ultrasound examination has emerged as a crucial non-invasive imaging method for assessing kidney status, especially in its diagnosis and management. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis to clarify current research trends in ultrasound assessment of AKI.

Methods: We conducted a literature search in the Web of Science database using keywords related to ultrasound examinations of acute kidney injury, up to November 15, 2023.

The association between immunoinflammatory biomarkers NLR, PLR, LMR and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disorder closely linked to metabolic syndrome. Identifying novel, easily measurable biomarkers could significantly enhance the diagnosis and management of NAFLD in clinical settings. Recent studies suggest that immunoinflammatory biomarkers-specifically, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR)-may offer diagnostic value for NAFLD.

Enzyme cascade nanozyme based colorimetric sensor for detection of uric acid as a biomarker of hyperuricemia.

A Cr-doped VO nanobelt (Cr/VO) with remarkable peroxidase-like activity was synthesized and coupled with uricase to catalyze the cascade reaction for  detection of uric acid. Notably, the affinity of Cr/VO for 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine dihydrochloride hydrate (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) is tenfold and 20-fold higher, respectively, than that of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The Cr/VO exhibits highly reactive and stable peroxidase activity at temperatures of 20-60 ℃.

Tailoring selenization dynamics: How heating rate manipulates nucleation and growth boosts efficiency in kesterite solar cells.

Kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) has emerged as a promising photovoltaic material due to its low cost and high stability. The CZTSSe film for high-performance solar cells can be obtained by annealing the deposited CZTS precursor films with selenium (a process known as selenization). The design of the selenization process significantly affects the quality of the absorber layer.

Semirational Protein Engineering of a Decarboxylative Aldolase for Regiodivergent and Stereodivergent Synthesis of Cyclic Imino Acids.

Aldolases are powerful C-C bond-forming enzymes for asymmetric organic synthesis because of their supreme stereoselectivity, diverse electrophiles and nucleophiles, and promising scalability. Stereodivergent engineering of aldolases to tune the selectivity for the synthesis of stereoisomers of chiral molecules is highly desirable but has rarely been reported. This study documented the semirational engineering of the decarboxylative aldolase UstD with the focused rational iterative site-specific mutagenesis (FRISM) strategy to perform a C-C bond-forming reaction with dione electrophiles.

Target Discovery Driven by Chemical Biology and Computational Biology.

Target identification is crucial for drug screening and development because it can reveal the mechanism of drug action and ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results. Chemical biology, an interdisciplinary field combining chemistry and biology, can assist in this process by studying the interactions between active molecular compounds and proteins and their physiological effects. It can also help predict potential drug targets or candidates, develop new biomarker assays and diagnostic reagents, and evaluate the selectivity and range of active compounds to reduce the risk of off-target effects.

Pressure Sensor Array Based on Four DNA-Nanoenzymes with Catalase-like Activity for Portable Multiple Detection of Foodborne Pathogens.

This study has developed a pressure sensor array based on four functionalized DNA-nanoenzymes with catalase-like activity for multiple detections of foodborne pathogens through a portable pressure manometer. Benefiting from functionalization of 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid and β-mercaptoethylamine, the diversity of nonspecific interactions between four DNA-nanoenzymes and each of the nine bacteria leads to differences in pressure response patterns by catalyzing HO to generate exclusive "fingerprints". As effective statistical tools for processing multivariate data, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis are employed to identify nine foodborne pathogens by analyzing pressure response patterns.

Layer-by-layer coated probiotics with tannic acid-Ca and casein phosphopeptide complexes for caries prevention and enamel remineralization.

Dental caries is a common disease resulting from tooth demineralization caused by bacterial plaque. Probiotics have shown great potential against caries by regulating the balance of oral flora. However, obstacles such as poor colonization and lysozyme sensitivity in oral cavity hinder their further application.

Selenium enrichment enhances the alleviating effect of GG on alcoholic liver injury in mice.

Selenium-enriched probiotics have attracted much attention due to the physiological activities of both probiotics and selenium (organic selenium). In this study, we investigated the mitigating effect of selenium-enriched GG (LGG@Se) and its pathway on alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) in mice. The results showed that LGG@Se was superior to LGG and sodium selenite in alleviating ALI.

Characterization of phospholipid profiles of egg yolks: Newly classified plasmalogens, distribution of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the effects of dietary enrichment.

Egg yolk phospholipids are commercially valuable products that are beneficial to human health. Previous research on phospholipids in egg yolk mainly focuses on phosphatidyl choline (PC), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), and fatty acid compositions, and neglects the esterification position and other bioactive phospholipids. This study found a total of 19 classes of phospholipids and 275 subclasses using lipidomics.

Tyrosine-modified tilapia skin antioxidant peptides and their hydroxyl radical quenching activities.

In an antioxidant peptide study, the number and position of active amino acid sites, as well as the peptides' conformation, are found to be crucial for scavenging hydroxyl radicals (˙OH). Herein, ˙the OH scavenging activity of tilapia pentapeptide (P1, YGDQY) and its analogs including P2 (YYYGDQY), P3 (YYGDQYY) and P4 (YYGPDQYY) was investigated. The results showed that the tyrosine's amount, location and the peptides' conformation played important roles in determining peptides' scavenging activity (34.

Retrieving the Stability and Practical Performance of Activation-Unstable Mesoporous Zr(IV)-MOF for Highly Efficient Self-Calibrating Acidity Sensing.

The practical applications of activation-unstable mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are often constrained by their structural instability. However, enhancing their stability could unlock valuable functionalities. Herein, we stabilized the otherwise unstable, post-activated structure of a novel mesoporous Zr(IV)-MOF, NKM-809, which uses a pyridine-containing amphiprotic linker (PPTB).

Modular Construction of Multivariate Metal-Organic Frameworks for Luminescent Sensing.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have played a pivotal role as rapid and effective luminescent sensing materials. Numerous MOFs with diverse characteristics have been meticulously designed for target analytes. Previous studies have highlighted the factors of spectral characteristics, energy levels, interaction forces, and sensor stabilities for the luminescent sensing performance in response to a specific analyte.

Construction and characterization of chimeric FcγR T cells for universal T cell therapy.

Background: Several approaches are being explored for engineering off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. In this study, we engineered chimeric Fcγ receptor (FcγR) T cells and tested their potential as a versatile platform for universal T cell therapy.

Methods: Chimeric FcγR (CFR) constructs were generated using three distinct forms of FcγR, namely CD16A, CD32A, and CD64.

Nonacademic predictors of China medical licensing examination.

Background: National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) is the entrance exam for medical practice in China, and its general medical knowledge test (GMKT) evaluates abilities of medical students to comprehensively apply medical knowledge to clinical practice. This study aimed to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance, which would benefit medical schools in designing appropriate strategies and techniques to facilitate the transition from medical students to qualified medical practitioners.

Methods: In 1202 medical students, we conducted the deletion-substitution-addition (DSA) and structural equation model (SEM) analyses to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance from 98 candidate variables including early life events, physical conditions, psychological and personality assessments, cognitive abilities, and socioeconomic conditions.

Comparative metabolomic analysis of Haematococcus pluvialis during hyperaccumulation of astaxanthin under the high salinity and nitrogen deficiency conditions.

Revealing the differences of metabolite profiles of H. pluvialis during hyperaccumulation of astaxanthin under the high salinity and nitrogen deficiency conditions was the key issues of the present study. To investigate the optimum NaCl and NaNO concentration and the corresponding metabolic characteristic related to the astaxanthin accumulation in H.

Shenmai Injection Reduces Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Induced by Doxorubicin through miR-30a/Bcl-2.

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of Shenmai Injection (SMI) against doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Methods: A total of 40 specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats were divided into 5 groups based on the random number table, including the control group, the model group, miR-30a agomir group, SMI low-dose (SMI-L) group, and SMI high-dose (SMI-H) group, with 8 rats in each group. Except for the control group, the rats were injected weekly with DOX (2 mg/kg) in the tail vein for 4 weeks to induce myocardial injury, and were given different regimens of continuous intervention for 2 weeks.

From Radioactive Effluent to Drinking Water: Efficient Removal of Trace TcO /ReO by Cationic Porous Aromatic Framework.

Efficient removal of TcO from radioactive effluents while recovering drinking water remains a challenge. Herein, an excellent ReO (a nonradioactive surrogate of TcO ) scavenger is presented through covalently bonding imidazolium poly(ionic liquids) polymers with an ionic porous aromatic framework (iPAF), namely iPAF-P67, following an adsorption-site density-addition strategy. It shows rapid sorption kinetics, high uptake capacity, and exceptional selectivity toward ReO .

Role of silane compatibilization on cellulose nanofiber reinforced poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites with superior mechanical properties, thermal stability, and tunable degradation rates.

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a widely produced bio-based polymer known for its biodegradability and renewability, but its brittleness, low heat resistance, and weak mechanical properties limit its broader use. To address these challenges, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) were extracted from dissolving pulp using TEMPO oxidation and high-pressure homogenization. These TOCNF were modified with silane to reduce hydrophilicity and improve compatibility with PLA.

Construction of isopentenol utilization pathway and artificial multifunctional enzyme for miltiradiene synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Miltiradiene serves as a pivotal precursor for the synthesis of numerous abietane-type diterpenes with important pharmacological activities. The endogenous mevalonate (MVA) pathway is tightly regulated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which limits the availability of precursors for the heterologous production of miltiradiene. In this study, the orthogonal isopentenol utilization pathway (IUP) was constructed and investigated for its adaptability with mitochondria and peroxisomes in S.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-((3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)oxy)quinoline derivatives as novel potential transforming growth factor-β type 1 receptor inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma.

The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) type 1 receptor (ALK5) plays a key role in tumor microenvironment. Small-molecule inhibitors of TGFβR1 provides a prospective approach for the treatment of malignant tumors. In this study, a series of 4-((3-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)oxy)quinoline derivatives were identified as novel, potential TGFβR1 inhibitors.

Bifunctional cascaded single-atom nanozymes for enhanced photodynamic immunotherapy through dual-depressing PD-L1 and regulating hypoxia.

As a promising anti-tumor modality, photodynamic immunotherapy (PDIT) has been applied for the treatment of many solid tumors. However, tumor hypoxic condition and immunosuppressive microenvironment severely limit the treatment outcome of PDIT. Here, we have designed a hairpin tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (H-TDN)-modified bifunctional cascaded Pt single-atom nanozyme (PCFP@H-TDN) with encapsulation of the photosensitizer.

Cucurbit[6]uril host-guest interaction assisted N-terminal epitope imprinted particles for cytochrome c recognition prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer strategy.

A novel strategy for cytochrome c selective recognition assisted with cucurbit[6]uril by host-guest interaction via N-terminal epitope imprinting and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was developed. N-terminal nonapeptide of cytochrome c (GI-9) was used as the epitope template to achieve highly selective recognition of cytochrome c. As a common supramolecule in recent years, cucurbit[6]uril can encapsulate the butyrammonium group of lysine residue to capture the peptide and improve the corresponding spatial orientation by the host-guest interaction for GI-9 or cytochrome c recognition.

Improved analysis of supervised learning in the RKHS with random features: Beyond least squares.

We consider kernel-based supervised learning using random Fourier features, focusing on its statistical error bounds and generalization properties with general loss functions. Beyond the least squares loss, existing results only demonstrate worst-case analysis with rate n and the number of features at least comparable to n, and refined-case analysis where it can achieve almost n rate when the kernel's eigenvalue decay is exponential and the number of features is again at least comparable to n. For the least squares loss, the results are much richer and the optimal rates can be achieved under the source and capacity assumptions, with the number of features smaller than n.

Simulation and applicability evaluation of providing different grades of water based on household functional needs in urban areas.

Providing different grades of water is a promising solution to address the challenges of urban water supply, including water quality, quantity, and energy consumption. However, quantifying the effectiveness of this strategy and understanding its economic, environmental, and social impacts remain significant challenges. This study introduces a simulation-based method to predict household water use and evaluate the applicability and sustainability of the water supply system.