Therapeutic effect of fully human anti-Nrp-1 antibody on non-small cell lung cancer in vivo and in vitro.

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed the treatment paradigm for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), not all patients benefit from them. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel immune checkpoint inhibitors. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a unique immune checkpoint capable of exerting antitumor effects through CD8 T cells.

Gene Deficiency of δ Subunit-Containing GABA Receptor in mPFC Lead Learning and Memory Impairment in Mice.

Maintaining GABAergic inhibition within physiological limits in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is critical for working memory. While synaptic GABAR typically mediate the primary component of mPFC inhibition, the role of extrasynaptic δ-GABAR in working memory remains unclear. To investigate this, we used fiber photometry to examine the effects of δ-GABAR in freely moving mice.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Circular RNA represents a distinctive form of noncoding RNA resulting from back-splicing of exons and introns in mRNA. CircRNA has been shown play important roles in neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some recent studies also have demonstrated circRNA is enriched in the mammal brain and differentially altered during AD.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: This study aimed to explore the association between amyloid-β oligomerization tendency (OAβ) in plasma and cognitive performance in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and further determine whether plasma OAβ could predict the outcomes of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Method: The plasma from 727 subjects in a case registry was tested; these subjects included 286 AD patients, 260 MCI patients and 181 normal controls. The multimer detection system (MDS) was used to measure the plasma oligomeric form of Aβ levels.

Polymorphic Crystalline Layer at the Crystallization Front.

The morphology and kinetics of the crystal growth front have been poorly explored at the particle level. Here, we experimentally observe the crystal growth front in liquid with single-particle kinetics using colloid systems and reveal a surface layer of polymorphic crystal near the solid-solid transition when the two crystals form a low-energy coherent interface. The thickness of the surface crystal can exceed 50 particles and grows logarithmically with the temperature as approaching the solid-solid transition which follows premelting theory.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

H19/miR-484 axis serves as a candidate biomarker correlated with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appears to be a common neurological developmental deficit disorder in pediatric patients, resulting in a tremendous burden on society.

Purpose: The article aimed to explore early diagnostic markers for ASD.

Methods: Levels of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 and microRNA-484 (miR-484) were detected using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Heteropolyacid Ligands in Two-Dimensional Channels Enable Lithium Separation from Monovalent Cations.

Extracting lithium from salt lakes requires ion-selective membranes with customizable nanochannels. However, it remains a major challenge to separate alkali cations due to their same valences and similar ionic radius. Inspired by the K channel of KcsA K, significant progress has been made in adjusting nanochannel size to control the ion selectivity dominated by alkali cations dehydration.

Competing Hexagonal and Square Lattices on a Spherical Surface.

The structural properties of packed soft-core particles provide a platform to understand the cross-pollinated physical concepts in solid-state and soft-matter physics. Confined on a spherical surface, the traditional differential geometry also dictates the overall defect properties in otherwise regular crystal lattices. Using molecular dynamics simulation of the Hertzian model as a tool, we report here the emergence of new types of disclination patterns: domain and counter-domain defects, when hexagonal and square patterns coexist.

Safety and efficacy of intraoperative radiation therapy using a low-energy X-ray source for resectable pancreatic cancer: an interim evaluation of an ongoing prospective phase II study.

Objective: The role of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in the management of resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) remains unclear. To date, the application of IORT using a low-energy X-ray source has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IORT using a 50 kV X-ray source in treating RPC.

Advancing precision medicine: the transformative role of artificial intelligence in immunogenomics, radiomics, and pathomics for biomarker discovery and immunotherapy optimization.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is significantly advancing precision medicine, particularly in the fields of immunogenomics, radiomics, and pathomics. In immunogenomics, AI can process vast amounts of genomic and multi-omic data to identify biomarkers associated with immunotherapy responses and disease prognosis, thus providing strong support for personalized treatments. In radiomics, AI can analyze high-dimensional features from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images to discover imaging biomarkers associated with tumor heterogeneity, treatment response, and disease progression, thereby enabling non-invasive, real-time assessments for personalized therapy.

KIF18A Is a Novel Target of JNK1/c-Jun Signaling Pathway Involved in Cervical Tumorigenesis.

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern. KIF18A, a kinesin motor protein regulating microtubule dynamics during mitosis, is frequently overexpressed in various cancers, but its regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. This study investigates KIF18A's role in cervical cancer and its regulation by the JNK1/c-Jun signaling pathway.

LGR4 promotes proliferation and homing via activation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation in the bone marrow (BM). Previously, it was reported that G‑protein‑coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) contributed to early hematopoiesis and was associated with poor prognosis in patients with MM. However, the mechanism of cell homing and migration, which is critical for MM progression, remains unclear.

Intramolecular Repulsive Interactions Enable High Efficiency of NIR-II Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for High-Contrast Glioblastoma Imaging.

Strategies to acquire high-efficiency luminogens that emit in the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) range are still rare due to the impediment of the energy gap law. Herein, a feasible strategy is pioneered by installing large-volume encumbrances in a confined space to intensify the repulsive interactions arising from overlapping electron densities. The experimental results, including smaller coordinate displacement, reduced reorganization energy, and suppressed internal conversion, demonstrate that the repulsive interactions assist in the inhibition of radiationless deactivation.

Conformational Selectivity and Chiral Self-Assembly Structures of Crown Ethers on Metal Surfaces.

Crown ethers (CEs), macrocyclic polyethers, have attracted significant attention in supramolecular chemistry. It is known that they have many isomers due to their flexibility. It is challenging to select some exact conformation and tune the following self-assembly structure of CEs, and it has rarely been reported to date.

Spanning three decades: global research wave and future prospects of broader autism phenotype-a visual researches by CiteSpace and VOS viewer.

Objectives: To conduct a comprehensive review of the literature pertaining to the broader autism phenotype, the paper endeavors to delineate the key research directions and topics, document the current research trends, and furnish insightful analyses and novel perspectives to foster future advancements in the field, with the aid of CiteSpace and VOS viewer.

Methods: CiteSpace and VOS viewer are two kinds of software for visualizing citations that is intended to examine academic literature and identify possible sources of knowledge. The Web of Science Core Collection database was used to retrieve articles from 1994 to 2024 that discussed the autism phenotype in general.

Deciphering network dysregulations and temporo-spatial dynamics in disorders of consciousness: insights from minimum spanning tree analysis.

Objectives: The neural mechanism associated with impaired consciousness is not fully clear. We aim to explore the association between static and dynamic minimum spanning tree (MST) characteristics and neural mechanism underlying impaired consciousness.

Methods: MSTs were constructed based on full-length functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals and fMRI signal segments within each time window.

Alterations of synaptic plasticity and brain oscillation are associated with autophagy induced synaptic pruning during adolescence.

Adolescent brain development is characterized by significant anatomical and physiological alterations, but little is known whether and how these alterations impact the neural network. Here we investigated the development of functional networks by measuring synaptic plasticity and neural synchrony of local filed potentials (LFPs), and further explored the underlying mechanisms. LFPs in the hippocampus were recorded in young (21 ~ 25 days), adolescent (1.

Nutrition, production, and processing of virgin omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in dairy: An integrative review.

With improving living standards, functional and healthy foods are accounting for an increased share in human food. The development of dairy products that are rich in virgin omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) has become a topic of interest. Virgin n-3 PUFA milk can provide high-quality protein and calcium, as well as provide n-3 PUFAs to improve human health.

P-Dopant with Spherical Anion for Stable n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells.

Li-TFSI/t-BP is the most widely utilized p-dopant for hole-transporting materials (HTMs) in state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, its nonuniformity of doping, along with the hygroscopicity and migration of dopants, results in the devices that exhibit limited stability and performance. This study reports the use of a spherical anion of the p-dopant, regulated by its radius and shape, as an alternative to the linear TFSI- anion.

CuO-Superlattices Induced Oxygen Vacancy for Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance.

Metallic oxide can induce localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) through creating vacancies, which effectively achieve high carrier concentrations and offer advantages such as versatility and tunability. However, vacancies are typically created by altering the stoichiometric ratio of elements through doping, and it is challenging to achieve LSPR enhancement in the visible spectral range. Here, we have assembled CuO-superlattices to induce a high concentration of oxygen vacancies, resulting in LSPR within the visible spectrum.

Efficient Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Enabled by a Hierarchical Hollow RE-P-O (RE = Sm, La, Gd) Architecture with Open Channels.

The electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e ORR) offers a sustainable pathway for the production of HO; however, the development of electrocatalysts with exceptional activity, selectivity, and long-term stability remains a challenging task. Herein, a novel approach is presented to addressing this challenge by synthesizing hierarchical hollow SmPO nanospheres with open channels via a two-step hydrothermal treatment. The produced compound demonstrates remarkable 2e selectivity, exceeding 93% across a wide potential range of 0.

Liposomal mitoxantrone monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T-cell and natural killer-cell neoplasms: A phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm trial.

Introduction: The prognosis of relapsed or refractory mature T- and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma remains dismal. Novel agents are urgently needed to improve the outcomes for this population.

Methods: In this phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study (NCT03776279), the authors report the efficacy and safety of liposomal mitoxantrone (Lipo-MIT) monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma.