Interpretable multi-modal artificial intelligence model for predicting gastric cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy assessment is imperative for prognostication and clinical management of locally advanced gastric cancer. We propose an incremental supervised contrastive learning model (iSCLM), an interpretable artificial intelligence framework integrating pretreatment CT scans and H&E-stained biopsy images, for improved decision-making regarding neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We have constructed and tested iSCLM using retrospective data from 2,387 patients across 10 medical centers and evaluated its discriminative ability in a prospective cohort (132 patients; ChiCTR2300068917).

Gut microbiota CLA and IL-35 induction in macrophages through Gαq/11-mediated STAT1/4 pathway: an animal-based study.

Gut microbiota/metabolites not only participate in the food and energy metabolism but also contribute to the host immune response and homeostasis. The alternation of gut microbiota/metabolites has been widely related to intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders such as intestinal bowel diseases (IBDs). Bactericidal substances from gut epithelial cells can regulate the composition of gut microbiota.

Gut mucosal microbiota profiles linked to development of positional-specific human colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) continuously ranks as the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Based on anatomical classifications and clinical diagnoses, CRC is classified into right-sided, left-sided, and rectal CRC. Importantly, the three types of positional-specific CRC affect the prognosis outcomes, thus indicating that positional-specific treatments for CRC are required.

Inaticabtagene Autoleucel (CNCT19) in adult relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Prior to November 2023, CD19 CAR-T therapies had not been approved in China for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r B-ALL), leaving a significant unmet need. In response, Inaticabtagene Autoleucel (Inati-cel), a novel CD19 CAR-T therapy with a distinct scFv (HI19α), was developed and showed promising efficacy in preliminary clinical research. We conducted a phase 2, single-arm, multicenter study of Inati-cel in adult CD19+ r/r B-ALL in China.

Secondary Metabolites Produced by the Dominant Fungus in Liupao Tea and Their Hypolipidemic Activities by Regulating Liver Lipid Metabolism and Remodeling Gut Microbiota.

Liupao tea is a postfermented dark tea with hypolipidemic activity. Research on the active substances in Liupao tea has primarily focused on those derived from the tea itself, overlooking the secondary metabolites produced by its predominant fungus, . In this study, CPCC 401251, the predominant strain found in Liupao tea under investigation, was isolated and analyzed.

Reactive oxygen species-scavenging biomaterials for neural regenerative medicine.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are natural by-products of oxygen metabolism. As signaling molecules, ROS can regulate various physiological processes in the body. However excessive ROS may be a major cause of inflammatory diseases.

Tanshinone IIA, a component of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, attenuated sepsis-induced liver injury via the SIRT1/Sestrin2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: As a traditional Chinese medicine, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge has been widely used to treat ischemic and inflammation-related diseases for more than 2000 years. S. miltiorrhiza Bunge has hepatoprotective effects, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood.

The association between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome: A large prospective Chinese cohort study.

Objectives: Many studies have explored the association between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome; however, the findings are inconsistent due to the different types of indicators used to assess handgrip strength (absolute vs. relative handgrip strength). This prospective cohort study aimed to simultaneously investigate the associations of both absolute and relative handgrip strength with metabolic syndrome, and to compare the predictive abilities of these two measures among Chinese adults.

Antitumour vaccination via the targeted proteolysis of antigens isolated from tumour lysates.

The activation of cytotoxic T cells against tumour cells typically requires the cross-presentation, by antigen-presenting cells (and via major histocompatibility complex class I molecules), of an epitope derived from a tumour antigen. A critical step in antigen processing is the proteolysis of tumour antigens mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Here we describe a tumour vaccine leveraging targeted antigen degradation to augment antigen processing and cross-presentation.

Environmental occurrence, fate, human exposure, and human health risks of p-phenylenediamines and their quinones.

P-phenylenediamine antioxidants (PPDs) are widely used in the rubber industry and their release and transformation in the environment has become one of the current environmental research hotspots. PPDs are readily oxidized in the environment to form quinone transformation products (PPD-Qs), some of which (e.g.

Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Decompression with or without Fusion on Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Caused by Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: As a common clinical disease, lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is currently the preferred surgical treatment, and there are various opinions. We conducted a study on whether fusion should be performed simultaneously with decompression for LSS caused by low-grade degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis and compared the efficacy and safety of the 2 surgeries.

Methods: We conducted literature searches on Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases to search for randomized controlled trials and observational studies that compared decompression alone and decompression plus fusion in the treatment of LSS with low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Spectrum of Craniofacial and Oral Malformations in China, a Multicenter Study.

Objective: Craniofacial and oral malformations (COMs) represent an important class of human developmental disorders with profound implications on the anatomical structure, appearance, and various physiological functions. In this study, we aimed to define the spectrum of COMs and analysis its features or possible influencing factors to improve the surveillance and control of the disease.

Materials And Methods: We organized a multicenter survey of COMs from 19 hospitals in 14 provinces.

Efficacy and safety of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells versus placebo added to second-line therapy in patients with steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, phase 2 trial.

Background: Failure of systemic corticosteroid therapy is common in patients with newly diagnosed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) above grade II. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used as a tolerable and potentially effective second-line therapy for steroid-refractory aGVHD (SR-aGVHD); however, well-designed, prospective, controlled studies are lacking.

Methods: This multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory phase 2 study enrolled patients with SR-aGVHD above grade II from 7 centres.

Inhibitory effects of circR-127aa on gastric cancer progression and tumor growth.

This study investigates the function of a newly identified 127-amino acid peptide, circR-127aa, encoded by hsa_circ_0075402 (circRACK1), in gastric cancer (GC), a condition with significant prevalence in China. Utilizing a comprehensive analysis of circular RNA (circRNA) ribosome profiling data alongside experimental validations through mass spectrometry, Western blot, and immunofluorescence, we demonstrate that circR-127aa Inhibits Malignant Phenotypes and suppresses tumor growth in nude mice models. Significantly, the interaction of circR-127aa with Vimentin, a crucial element in actin-actin-cytoskeletal remodeling, indicates that circR-127aa functions as a tumor suppressor by facilitating the ubiquitination of Vimentin.

Balloon guide catheters for endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion in China (PROTECT-MT): a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The effectiveness of using a balloon guide catheter during endovascular thrombectomy in patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of using a balloon guide catheter during endovascular thrombectomy, compared with using a conventional guide catheter, in this patient population.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial at 28 hospitals in China.