The performance of a deep learning system in assisting junior ophthalmologists in diagnosing 13 major fundus diseases: a prospective multi-center clinical trial.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic systems have been reported to improve fundus disease screening in previous studies. This multicenter prospective self-controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a deep learning system (DLS) in assisting junior ophthalmologists in detecting 13 major fundus diseases. A total of 1493 fundus images from 748 patients were prospectively collected from five tertiary hospitals in China.

Ophthalmic and Systemic Factors of Acute Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in the Quark207 Treatment Trial.

Purpose: We describe the baseline ophthalmic and cardiovascular risk factors across countries, race, and sex for the Quark207 treatment trial for acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Design: Prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Participants: Adults 50 to 80 years of age with acute NAION recruited from 80 sites across 8 countries.

Corneal Biomechanical Properties to Predict Prognosis of Abnormal Tomographic Corneas: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: To analyze the corneal biomechanical properties in patients with abnormal corneal tomography (ACT) and predict their stability using the biomechanical stability index (BSI).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Setting: Multicenter study.

[Clinical pathological and genetic mutation characteristics of conjunctival lymphoepithelial carcinoma].

To analyze the clinical pathological and genetic mutation characteristics of conjunctival lymphoepithelial carcinoma. A retrospective case series study was conducted. Data from three patients diagnosed with conjunctival lymphoepithelial carcinoma and treated with tumor resection surgery at Tianjin Eye Hospital from January 2006 to December 2022 were collected.

[Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes in pediatric progressive restrictive strabismus].

To investigate the clinical features, imaging manifestations, histopathological characteristics, and surgical outcomes in pediatric progressive restrictive strabismus. A retrospective case series study was conducted, including data from 9 cases (9 eyes) of pediatric progressive restrictive strabismus treated at Tianjin Eye Hospital from June 2017 to October 2022. The study compared the degree of globe protrusion in both eyes, changes in eyelid fissure height during internal and external rotation in the primary gaze, summarized clinical characteristics, and analyzed intraoperative conditions, surgical outcomes and postoperative histopathological results of strabismus correction surgery.

[Significance of accurately interpreting the Bielschowsky tilt test in the differential diagnosis of superior oblique muscle paralysis].

Superior oblique muscle paralysis is a common type of vertical rotatory strabismus with various subtypes. Regardless of the subtype, the Bielschowsky tilt test plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of superior oblique muscle paralysis and is often considered a significant criterion for diagnosis and differential diagnosis. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the Bielschowsky tilt test for diagnosing superior oblique muscle paralysis are not 100% due to the mechanism involved.

The Effects of Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy on the Structure and Vasculature of the Choroid and Retina in Children with Premyopia.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy on the structure and vasculature of the choroid and retina in Chinese children with premyopia.

Methods: This study was a single-center randomized clinical trial. A total of 94 children with premyopia (- 0.

Foxo1 drives the TGFβ1-dependent dichotomy of Th17 cell fates.

T-helper 17 cells play a dual role in immunological responses, serving as essential components in tissue homeostasis and host defense against microbial pathogens while also contributing to proinflammatory conditions and autoimmunity. While transforming growth factor β1 is pivotal for the differentiation of nonpathogenic T-helper 17 cells, the role of transforming growth factor β3 and activin in steering T-helper 17 cells toward a pathogenic phenotype has been acknowledged. However, the molecular mechanisms governing this dichotomy remain elusive.

Unsupervised corneal contour extraction algorithm with shared model for dynamic deformation videos: improving accuracy and noise resistance.

Background: In this study, an automatic corneal contour extraction algorithm with a shared model is developed to extract contours from dynamic corneal videos containing noise, which improves the accuracy of corneal biomechanical evaluation and clinical diagnoses. The algorithm does not require manual labeling and completes the unsupervised semantic segmentation of each frame in corneal dynamic deformation videos based on a fully convolutional deep-learning network using corneal geometry and texture information.

Results: We included 1027 corneal videos at Tianjin Eye Hospital (Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital) from May 2020 to November 2021.

FOXM1 Participates in Scleral Remodeling in Myopia by Upregulating APOA1 Expression Through METTL3/YTHDF2.

Purpose: Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) is a potential crucial protein and treatment goal for pathological myopia in humans. This study set out to discover the function of APOA1 in scleral remodeling in myopia and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A myopic cell model was induced using hypoxia.

Functional role of translocator protein and its ligands in ocular diseases (Review).

The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is an essential outer mitochondrial membrane protein that is responsible for mitochondrial transport, maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and normal physiological cell function. The role of TSPO in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases is a growing area of interest. More notably, TSPO exerts positive effects in regulating various pathophysiological processes, such as the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, steroid synthesis and modulation of microglial function, in combination with a variety of specific ligands such as 1‑(2‑chlorophenyl‑N‑methylpropyl)‑3‑isoquinolinecarboxamide, 4'‑chlorodiazepam and XBD173.

Effect of Intravenous Injection of Remazolam on Stress Response and Analgesic Effect in Patients with Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: A Single-Centre Study.

Background: The reasonable selection of anaesthesia methods and drugs is the key to ensuring the perioperative safety of patients with the transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The effect of intravenous remazolam injection on stress response and analgesic effect in patients with transurethral prostate cancer electrotomy were explored.

Methods: The medical records of 160 patients with prostatic hyperplasia who underwent TURP in Tianjin hospital from November 2020 to November 2022 were selected for retrospective analysis.

A developmental critical period for ocular dominance plasticity of binocular neurons in mouse superior colliculus.

Detecting visual features in the environment is crucial for animals' survival. The superior colliculus (SC) is implicated in motion detection and processing, whereas how the SC integrates visual inputs from the two eyes remains unclear. Using in vivo electrophysiology, we show that mouse SC contains many binocular neurons that display robust ocular dominance (OD) plasticity in a critical period during early development, which is similar to, but not dependent on, the primary visual cortex.

SB431542 partially inhibits high glucose-induced EMT by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis in RPE cells.

Background: The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells participated in the development of retinal fibrosis. SB431542 is a small molecule inhibitor with inhibitory effects on the ALK4, ALK5 and ALK7. Our study aimed to explore the effect of SB431542 on the EMT of RPE cells and to provide new ideas for the treatment of retinal fibrosis.

Characterization of de novo Dementia with Lewy Body with different duration of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.

Background: Cognitive disorder, parkinsonism, autonomic dysfunction (AuD) and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) can occur prior to or simultaneously with Dementia with Lewy Body (DLB) onset. RBD is generally linked with progressive neurodegenerative traits. However, associations between RBD with DLB, RBD without DLB, and RBD duration effects on DLB symptoms remain unclear.

Analysis of morphological and quantitative changes in pathological myopia and perioperative changes in posterior scleral reinforcement using three-dimensional magnet resonance imaging.

To compare the morphological and quantitative changes in pathological myopia (PM) and the perioperative changes in posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) using three-dimensional magnetic resonance images (3D MRI). A total of 49 patients with high myopia (HM; 98 eyes), 15 with pathological myopia (PM; 19 eyes), and 10 without high myopia (NORM; 20 eyes) were recruited between September 2019 and July 2021. The patients underwent measurements of refractive error and axial length, as well as 3D MRI of the eyeball.

Effects of climate factors and Demodex infestation on meibomian gland dysfunction-associated dry eye diseases.

We examined the effects of climatic factors and Demodex infestations on meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)-associated dry eye disease (DED) in a cross-sectional study. This study included 123 patients from Tianjin and Chengdu regions, and climate factors and the Air Quality Index (AQI) were recorded for one year. Ocular surface parameters and Demodex infestations were evaluated using various tests.

Evaluation of retinal structural and functional changes after silicone oil removal in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a retrospective study.

Background: To evaluate retinal structural and functional changes after silicone oil (SO) removal in eyes with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) testing, microperimetry, and optical coherence tomography angiography were performed in 48 eyes with macula-off RRD before and 3 months after SO removal. The values of healthy contralateral eyes were used as control data.

Visual outcomes and prognostic factors of early pars plana vitrectomy for open globe injury.

Objectives: To identify the clinical features and outcomes of early vitrectomy in patients with open globe injury (OGI) and the prognostic factors for visual outcome.

Methods: This retrospective observational case series included 390 eyes in 389 patients diagnosed with OGI receiving vitrectomy within four days after injury. Preoperative parameters included the injury types, wound locations, consequent tissue damages, initial visual acuity (VA), and ocular trauma score.

Molecular mechanism of Wilms tumour 1-associated protein in diabetes-related dry eye disease by mediating m6A methylation modification of lncRNA NEAT1.

Dry eye disease (DED) is often secondary to diabetes mellitus (DM). This study is to explore the action of Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) in DM-DED via lncRNA NEAT1 m6A methylation. DM-DED mouse models were treated with sh-WTAP/sh-NEAT1, followed by assessment of corneal epithelial damage/histopathological changes.

Comparison of blinatumomab and CAR T-cell therapy in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study evaluated the benefits and risks of patients with refractory or relapsed acute lymphocytic leukemia (R/R ALL) treated with anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and blinatumomab.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies.

Results: The pooled complete remission (CR) rate and minimal residual disease (MRD) negative rate were 48%, 31% for blinatumomab, and 86% and 80% for CAR T-cell therapy.

Identification of key genes modules linking diabetic retinopathy and circadian rhythm.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Recent studies highlighted the crucial impact of circadian rhythms (CR) on normal retinopathy in response to the external light cues. However, the role of circadian rhythms in DR pathogenesis and potential investigational drugs remains unclear.

Proteomic analysis of human aqueous humor from fuchs uveitis syndrome.

Fuchs uveitis syndrome (FUS) is a commonly misdiagnosed uveitis syndrome often presenting as an asymptomatic mild inflammatory condition until complications arise. The diagnosis of this disease remains clinical because of the lack of specific laboratory tests. The aqueous humor (AH) is a complex fluid containing nutrients and metabolic wastes from the eye.

A PEDF peptide mimetic effectively relieves dry eye in a diabetic murine model by restoring corneal nerve, barrier, and lacrimal gland function.

Purpose: The study investigated effectiveness of a novel PEDF peptide mimetic to alleviate dry eye-like pathologies in a Type I diabetic mouse model established using streptozotocin.

Methods: Mice were treated topically for 3-6 weeks with Ppx (a 17-mer PEDF mimetic) 2x/day or vehicle. Corneal sensitivity, tear film, epithelial and endothelial injury were measured using Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, phenol red cotton thread wetting, fluorescein sodium staining, and ZO1 expression, respectively.