Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential mechanism of plateau environment on muscle growth and development in yak.

Yak meat plays a significant economic role for yaks. The unique environment of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau profoundly impacts the meat production performance of yaks. Yet, the regulatory mechanisms influencing muscle growth and development in yaks within this plateau environment remain poorly understood.

Research Progress on the Mechanism and Application of the Type I CRISPR-Cas System.

The CRISPR-Cas system functions as an adaptive immune mechanism in archaea and bacteria, providing defense against the invasion of foreign nucleic acids. Most CRISPR-Cas systems are classified into class 1 or class 2, with further subdivision into several subtypes. The primary distinction between class 1 and class 2 systems lies in the assembly of their effector modules.

Effect of Fatty Acids on Backfat Quality in Beijing Black Pigs.

The quality of pig backfat affects both pork quality and consumer preferences. Fatty acids (FAs) are crucial in determining the backfat quality. This study assessed the effect of FAs on the backfat quality and identified candidate genes associated with these FAs.

A revision of Rhombuniopsis Haas, 1920 (Unionida, Unionidae) endemic to the ancient lakes of Yunnan, China, with descriptions of two new species.

Freshwater mussels are an important component of the macrobenthic fauna but due to modern environmental pollution and destruction, the abundance of freshwater mussels has declined rapidly, and this fauna is one of the most threatened animal groups in the world. China is the country with the second highest diversity of freshwater mussels in the world. Rhombuniopsis is a genus of freshwater mussels endemic to the ancient lakes and surrounding area in Yunnan Province, China.

Preparation and properties of β-carotene-loaded sanxan emulsion gel microcapsules.

Sanxan has important application value in the field of bioactive substance delivery. However, the current sanxan emulsion gel method has certain limitations in delivering heat-sensitive lipophilic bioactive substances. In this study, the acid-gelling properties of sanxan were utilized to prepare sanxan emulsion gel microcapsules (SEGMs) by extrusion dripping method.

Molecular insights of T-2 toxin exposure-induced neurotoxicity and the neuroprotective effect of dimethyl fumarate.

T-2 toxin, a potent environmental pollutant, has been proved to stimulate neuroinflammation, while the connection between T-2 toxin and pyroptosis remain elusive. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), recently identified as a neuroprotectant and pyroptosis inhibitor, has potential therapeutic applications that are underexplored. Based on present study in vitro and vivo, we demonstrated that T-2 toxin induced the activation of NLRP3-Caspase-1 inflammasome in hippocampal neurons.

Apoptosis, MAPK signaling pathway affected in tilapia liver following nano-microplastics and sulfamethoxazole acute co-exposure.

Studies showed that toxicants that adhered to the surface of nano-microplastics (NPs) have toxicological effects. Juvenile tilapia were divided into four groups namely the control group (A), 100 ng·L sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) group (B), 75 nm NPs group (C) and SMZ + 75 nm NPs group (D), and were exposed to an acute test for 2, 4 and 8 days. The hepatic histopathological changes, enzymatic activities, transcriptomics and proteomics analysis have been performed.

Ovarian Ultrasound Image Segmentation Algorithm with Fused Multi-Scale Features.

Ultrasound imaging technology plays a vital role in medical imaging. Ovarian ultrasound image segmentation is challenging due to the wide variation in lesion sizes caused by the cancer detection period and individual differences, as well as the noise from reflected wave interference. To address these challenges, we propose an innovative algorithm for ovarian ultrasound image segmentation that incorporates multi-scale features.

Aptasensor based on entropy-driven catalytic amplification system for the sensitive detection of acetamiprid in Chinese herbal medicine.

The traditional method of acetamiprid residue detection is difficult to operate, time-consuming, laborious and requires high professional knowledge of the detection personnel, which cannot meet the requirement of on-field rapid detection. For this reason, a colorimetric aptasensor based on an entropy-catalyzed amplification system was developed for the ultrasensitive and selective determination of acetamiprid. In the absence of acetamiprid, the aptamer and cDNA form a double-stranded structure.

Sensitive and portable intelligent detection platform construction and dietary risk assessment of procymidone in Chinese leek, cowpea and celery.

Procymidone (PRM), a widely used amide-type fungicide in vegetables, poses potential health risks due to its high detection rate. This study introduces a pretreatment device and an intelligent quantification method for PRM in Chinese leek, cowpea, and celery using a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) integrated with a smartphone. The whole pretreatment and detection process can be achieved within 21 min.

Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolic Characterization of Mango Ripened by Different Methods.

So far, the metabolic differences between tree-ripened and postharvest-ripened mangoes have largely remained unexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of nutrient substances in mangoes subjected to different ripening methods. An untargeted metabolomic approach based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was carried out to investigate the differences between artificially ripened and naturally ripened mangoes.

Effects of Different Levels of Carbohydrates on Growth Performance, Hepatic and Intestinal Health, and Intestinal Microflora of Juvenile Pikeperch ().

Pikeperch () is a species with great potential for aquaculture in Eurasian countries, while feed costs limit the scale of pikeperch farming. Adding carbohydrates to the feed as an energy source is a viable approach to reduce costs and to improve the culture status of pikeperch. In this study, in order to determine the optimal carbohydrate requirement of pikeperch, three tapioca starch (8%, 10%, and 12%) added feeds were produced with isonitrogenous (51%) and isolipidic (11%).

Double-crosslinked hydrogels and hydrogel beads formed by garlic protein hydrolysates for bioactive encapsulation and gastrointestinal delivery.

Background: Garlic protein is one of the main components of garlic. It has several beneficial characteristics. This study aimed to characterize a double crosslinked hydrogel formed with alginate, calcium ions (Ca), and garlic protein hydrolysates (GPH), and to develop hydrogel beads for targeted delivery of bioactive constituents to the gastrointestinal tract.

The antibacterial defence role of β-defensin in the seahorse testis.

Seahorses represent the only known group of animals with male pregnancy. Seahorses have small testis that produce a limited quantity of sperm. To date, the response of this immune-privileged organ to pathogenic infections has not been reported.

A Review of Visual Estimation Research on Live Pig Weight.

The weight of live pigs is directly related to their health, nutrition management, disease prevention and control, and the overall economic benefits to livestock enterprises. Direct weighing can induce stress responses in pigs, leading to decreased productivity. Therefore, modern livestock industries are increasingly turning to non-contact techniques for estimating pig weight, such as automated monitoring systems based on computer vision.

Assessing the physiological properties of baker's yeast based on single-cell Raman spectrum technology.

With rapid progress in the yeast fermentation industry, a comprehensive commercial yeast quality assessment approach integrating efficiency, accuracy, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness is required. In this study, a new yeast quality assessment method based on single-cell Raman technology was developed and contrasted with traditional methods. The findings demonstrated significant associations (Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.