Delineation of reduced CTV2 on the basis of the characteristics and distribution of cervical lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Introduction: The core objective of this study was to precisely locate metastatic lymph nodes, identify potential areas in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients that may not require radiotherapy, and propose a hypothesis for reduced target volume radiotherapy on the basis of these findings. Ultimately, we reassessed the differences in dosimetry of organs at risk (OARs) between reduced target volume (reduced CTV2) radiotherapy and standard radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: A total of 209 patients participated in the study.

A curative effect evaluation of intensity-modulated radiation therapy combined with periorbital triamcinolone acetonide injection in treating thyroid eye disease patients with active extraocular muscle but low CAS.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with periorbital triamcinolone acetonide injection in treating thyroid eye disease (TED) patients with active extraocular muscle but low CAS. The retrospective observational study was conducted. A total of 156 eligible patients were selected from the TED patient database of the Ophthalmology Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University.

The diagnostic value of cytology in the mammary intraductal lesions of patients with pathological nipple discharge.

This study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of the two cytology techniques, including liquid-based cytology of mammary ductal lavage fluid and nipple discharge smear cytology, in the intraductal lesions in patients with pathological nipple discharge (PND). This retrospective analysis included 119 patients with PND who underwent surgical treatment. At the same time, they all underwent fiberoptic ductoscopy (FDS), nipple discharge smear cytology and liquid-based cytology of ductal lavage fluid before surgery.

CAFs-released exosomal CREB1 promotes cell progression and immune evasion in thyroid cancer via the positive regulation of CCL20.

Background: Exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can affect tumor microenvironment (TME) of thyroid cancer (TC). The cAMP response element binding protein 1 (CREB1) acts as a transcription factor to participate in cancer development. Currently, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of exosome-associated CREB1 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) in TC.

Glutamate molecular structure and protein affect the inhibition of breast cancer cell metastasis: Cell-derived exosomes inhibitory effects through the MAPK signaling pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of glutamate molecular structure and protein on breast cancer cell metastasis and the potential inhibitory mechanism of cell-derived exosomes via MAPK signaling pathway. Breast cancer cell lines with high metastatic potential were selected by in vitro cell culture technique. The effects of specific inhibitors of glutamic acid on the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells were studied.

Therapeutic outcomes and safety of radiofrequency ablation for primary papillary thyroid carcinoma: A game-changing meta-analysis.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an emerging treatment option for small, low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety profiles of RFA for primary T1a vs. T1b PTC.

A promising future for breast cancer therapy with hydroxamic acid-based histone deacetylase inhibitors.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a critical role in chromatin remodelling and modulating the activity of various histone proteins. Aberrant HDAC functions has been related to the progression of breast cancer (BC), making HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) promising small-molecule therapeutics for its treatment. Hydroxamic acid (HA) is a significant pharmacophore due to its strong metal-chelating ability, HDAC inhibition properties, MMP inhibition abilities, and more.

The negative impacts of bisphenols on thyroid function in adults with bisphenol A exposure level exceeding the tolerable daily intake.

In 2023, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published a re-evaluation of the safety of bisphenol A (BPA), establishing the new tolerable daily intake (TDI) as 0.2 ng/kg·bw/day with a 20,000-fold reduction compared to 2015, which regained public concern about the impact of bisphenols (BPs) on human health. In order to explore the health risk to thyroid function of BPs, in this study, we assessed the internal exposure levels of BPs and the relationships between urinary BPs and thyroid function in general adults.

Multi-metal mixture exposure and cognitive function in urban older adults: The mediation effects of thyroid hormones.

The existing studies on the association between multi-metal mixture exposure and cognitive function in the older adults are limited and controversial, with no studies considering the mediating effect of thyroid hormones on the connection between them. This study of 441 urban older adults assessed 21 urinary metal levels and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Urinary metal levels were measured via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and thyroid hormones levels were obtained from medical records.

Development of a novel HPLC-HRMS method for quantitative analysis of resorcinol in urine: Application to hairdressers' occupational exposure.

Resorcinol is a widespread substance used in a large variety of manufacturing industries, including cosmetics, with endocrine-disrupting activity on the thyroid function. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a sensitive, selective and robust method to quantify resorcinol in urine and thereby assess hairdressers' occupational exposure. As resorcinol is mainly excreted in urine as glucuronide or sulfate forms, the first step consisted in hydrolyzing urine samples with a β-glucuronidase-arylsulfatase enzyme for 16 h.

A preliminary study of microwave ablation (MWA) for Bethesda IV follicular neoplasms (≤3 cm).

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) for the treatment of patients with Bethesda IV follicular neoplasms (FNs) (≤3 cm).

Methods: In the retrospective study, patients who underwent MWA for Bethesda IV follicular neoplasms (≤3 cm) were included. Technical success, volume reduction, disease progression, and adverse event (AE) rates were analyzed postablation.

Thyroid Hormone Activation Regulates the Crosstalk between Breast Cancer and Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background: Thyroid Hormones (THs) critically impact human cancer. Although endowed with both tumor-promoting and inhibiting effects in different cancer types, excess of THs has been linked to enhanced tumor growth and progression. Breast cancer depends on the interaction between bulk tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exert powerful pro-tumorigenic activities.

Atomized Neutrophil Membrane-coated MOF Nanoparticles for Direct Delivery of Dexamethasone for Severe Pneumonia.

Background: Dexamethasone has proven life-saving in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19 cases. However, its systemic administration is accompanied by serious side effects. Inhalation delivery of dexamethasone (Dex) faces challenges such as low lung deposition, brief residence in the respiratory tract, and the pulmonary mucus barrier, limiting its clinical use.

A Review of the Utility of Established Cell Lines for Isolation and Propagation of the Southern African Territories Serotypes of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.

Cell culture underpins virus isolation and virus neutralisation tests, which are both gold-standard diagnostic methods for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Cell culture is also crucial for the propagation of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccines. Both primary cells and cell lines are utilised in FMDV isolation and propagation.

Effects of Dietary Habits on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Subjects with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Comparison Between the Mediterranean Diet and a Gluten-Free Diet.

Background: The Mediterranean diet (MedD) exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects that are beneficial in autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD). Recently, a gluten-free diet (GFD) has been proposed for non-celiac patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), but its usefulness is under debate. The present pilot study evaluates the effects of these two dietary regimes, with a focus on redox homeostasis, in HT.

Effect of L. on Improving Insulin Secretory Capacity and Resistance in Elderly Patients Aged 80 Years Old or Older Who Develop Diabetes After COVID-19 Infection.

(1) Background: It has been reported that people affected by COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, suffer from various diseases, after infection. One of the most serious problems is the increased risk of developing diabetes after COVID-19 infection. However, a treatment for post-COVID-19 infection diabetes has not yet been established.

The Effects of Oral Semaglutide on Hepatic Fibrosis in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes in Real-World Clinical Practice: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Sapporo-Oral SEMA Study.

Background/objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an important common comorbidity in subjects with type 2 diabetes, and liver fibrosis is a factor directly related to its prognosis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are useful treatment options for MASLD; however, the efficacy of oral semaglutide in treating liver steatosis/fibrosis has not been fully elucidated.

Methods: A secondary analysis of a multicenter, retrospective, observational study investigating the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes in a real-world clinical setting (the Sapporo-Oral SEMA study) was conducted.

Challenges in Diagnosing Adolescent Goiter: A Case Report with Brief Literature Insights in Juvenile Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis of the Thyroid Gland.

The prevalence of goiter, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancers in the pediatric population has increased. In some rare cases, local conditions such as juvenile desmoid-type fibromatosis (JDTF) can mimic specific thyroid pathology, complicating the diagnostic process. A 17-year-old obese adolescent girl was admitted to the Endocrinology Department with progressive swelling on the left side of the neck, persisting for approximately one year, recently accompanied by dysphonia and inspiratory dyspnea, and ultimately diagnosed as a unilateral nodular goiter associated with compressive phenomena.

Relationship of Thyroid Volume and Function with Carotid and Femoral Intima-Media Thickness in Euthyroid People Aged 18-65 Taking into Account the Impact of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Excess Body Mass.

The interrelationship of thyroid volume and function with features of cardiovascular dysfunction has already been investigated but some aspects remain unclear, especially in terms of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in euthyroid patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement in ultrasound B-mode imaging in different vascular beds (most frequently within the common carotid artery) is one of the most important tools for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in both clinical practice and research. This article aimed to present the results of our research on the association between the thyroid evaluation parameters and the IMT measured in both the carotid and femoral arteries in euthyroid patients aged 18 to 65 years taking into account the influence of diabetes, hypertension, and excess body mass.

Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation and Thyroid Diseases and Functional Modifications in Exposed Workers: A Systematic Review.

With technological development, ionizing radiation has found applications in numerous occupations. However, the determination and quantification of the damage resulting from exposure to it remains rather unclear, along with the damage to particular organs. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the relationship between low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) in exposed workers and possible functional changes and cancer development in the thyroid gland.

Thyroid Cancer in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Demographic, Clinical, Germline Genetic Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcome.

Childhood cancer survival rates have improved, but survivors face an increased risk of second malignant neoplasms (SMNs), particularly thyroid cancer. This study examines the demographic, clinical, genetic, and treatment characteristics of childhood cancer survivors who developed thyroid cancer as a second or third malignancy, emphasizing the importance of long-term surveillance. A retrospective review was conducted for childhood cancer survivors treated between 1990 and 2018 who later developed thyroid cancer as a second or third malignancy.

Prevalence and Clinical Risk Factors of Thyroid Cancer in Retrosternal Goiter: A Retrospective Comparative Study with Cervical Multinodular Goiter.

Surgical intervention in asymptomatic retrosternal goiter (RSG) is debated in the absence of suspicious cytology, while performing fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is challenging in thyroids with mediastinal extension. The rate of unexpected thyroid cancers found at the time of thyroidectomy varies widely, while the notion of increased cancer incidence in RSG with respect to cervical goiters is still controversial. We retrospectively reviewed 411 patients with a preoperative diagnosis of multinodular goiter (MNG) (114 retrosternal, 297 cervical) who underwent thyroidectomy at an academic endocrine surgery referral center between January 2019 and October 2022.

Comorbidities Associated with Vitiligo: Results from the EpiChron Cohort.

Vitiligo is a pigmentation disorder that impacts approximately 0.5% to 2% of the global population. Growing interest surrounds the comorbidities associated with vitiligo.