Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Translation of the Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII) into Spanish.

ImportanceSelective, modified radical, and radical neck dissections are common surgical procedures that can result in significant musculoskeletal issues of the neck and shoulder. Quality-of-life evaluations after neck dissection must assess and quantify these dysfunctions to allow subsequent comparison of outcomes after different treatments.ObjectiveThere is no validated Spanish-language questionnaire designed to evaluate neck and shoulder dysfunction after cervical lymphadenectomy.

Comparison of antibiotic provision associated with acute sore throat symptom management in community pharmacies in Wales and England: a natural policy experiment.

Background: Acute sore throat is managed in community pharmacies in England and Wales under different clinical pathways: Acute Sore Throat Pharmacy First (ASTPF) and Sore Throat Test and Treat (STTT), respectively. ASTPF launched in 2024 and allows antibiotic supply with FeverPAIN scores 4 and 5. STTT launched in 2018 and allows antibiotic supply with FeverPAIN ≥2 or Centor ≥3, if point-of-care testing confirms presence of group A Streptococcus (GAS).

Mortality of Head and Neck Cancer in China From 1990 to 2019: A Secondary Data Analysis.

Background: The rising global incidence of head and neck cancer imposes a growing burden on health systems. However, comprehensive analysis of mortality trends, particularly age, period, and cohort effects, remains limited.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate head and neck cancer mortality trends in China from 1990 to 2019, with a focus on age, period, and cohort effects.

Composite quantile regression approach to batch effect correction in microbiome data.

Background: Batch effects refer to data variations that arise from non-biological factors such as experimental conditions, equipment, and external factors. These effects are considered significant issues in the analysis of biological data since they can compromise data consistency and distort actual biological differences, which can severely skew the results of downstream analyses.

Method: In this study, we introduce a new approach that comprehensively addresses two types of batch effects: "systematic batch effects" which are consistent across all samples in a batch, and "nonsystematic batch effects" which vary depending on the variability of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) within each sample in the same batch.

Blind Nasal Intubation as a Rescue Strategy in Difficult Airway Management.

Background: Airway management in emergency situations poses significant challenges, particularly in patients with difficult airway anatomy or comorbid conditions. Blind nasal intubation has been explored as a rescue technique when conventional methods fail. Masseter muscle rigidity (MMR), characterized by significant jaw muscle stiffness, is a recognized complication following succinylcholine administration that can complicate traditional approaches to securing an airway.

Outcome of Type 1 Tympanoplasty in Al Nahdha Hospital and Influencing Factors: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: The management for chronic suppurative otitis media is tympanoplasty. The aim of the surgery is to prevent recurrent ear discharge and improve hearing. Several influencing factors are presumed to affect the outcome of tympanoplasty; however, their effect is considered controversial.

Binary Classification of Laryngeal Images Utilising ResNet-50 CNN Architecture.

In India, laryngeal cancer is a significant health concern, underlining the critical need for early detection methods. This study introduces a novel approach to classify laryngeal lesions into nine morphological categories; due to data scarcity for all the nine classes, the data is divided into cancer and non-cancer classes, including both non-cancerous and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), by analysing endoscopy images with advanced convolutional neural networks, deep learning, and image processing techniques. A dataset of 1978 endoscopy images from 960 patients at a tertiary care center in Lucknow, between May 2015 and December 2023, was utilised for this purpose.

Acid Assault: Unmasking the Toll of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease on Vocal Health - A Literature Review.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is characterized by the backflow of gastric contents into the laryngopharynx, distinct from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Prevalence among otolaryngology patients ranges from 4 to 30% and being the major cause for hoarseness of voice. Common symptoms include hoarseness, chronic coughing, globus sensation, throat clearing and endoscopic evaluation reveals signs like posterior commissure hypertrophy and vocal fold edema.

Oncological outcomes of surgical management for T2N0M0 glottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: The research aimed to evaluate the clinical treatment outcomes of T2N0M0 glottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients who underwent laryngectomy.

Methods: Retrospective review of 533 T2N0M0 glottic LSCC patients.

Results: Five-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate was 90.

The virome investigation of the globally endangered Eld's deer (Rucervus eldii) on Hainan Island, China.

Eld's deer (Rucervus eldii) is a rare and globally endangered tropical Southeast Asian deer species. There is no research on pathogens in Eld's deer in Hainan, China. This study aimed to understand the virus diversity and novel viruses in Eld's deer, and provided important epidemiological baseline information for conservation of this endangered species.

Calling time on low-risk drinking guidelines: An evaluation of alternative methods to communicate risks of alcohol use to consumers.

Background: Current epidemiological analyses suggest there is no risk-free level of alcohol consumption. Awareness remains low and consumption levels high. There is limited research on the types of alcohol warning label (AWL) messages to address this concern.

Unveiling the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese patent medicines: A network meta-analysis on chronic atrophic gastritis.

Background: The study aimed to conduct a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese patent medicine (TCPM), either used alone or combined with conventional treatment (CT) of chemical drugs, for treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).

Methods: We searched the literature from database creation to December 2023; our primary endpoint was clinical response rate. Secondary outcome measures were the inhibition rate of Helicobacter pylori and clinical symptom score, including pain and noisy scores for the stomach, score for belch and acid reflux, score for the bitter taste and the dry throat, and safety according to total adverse events.

GSDMD-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in marginal cells: A potential driver of inflammation and stria vascularis damage in CIHL.

Inflammation is among the known causes of cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL), but its exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that pyroptosis-a recently identified inflammatory type of regulated cell death dependent on gasdermin D (GSDMD)-was activated in the cochleae of cisplatin-treated mice, causing CIHL. Meanwhile, treatment with the GSDMD inhibitor necrosulfonamide alleviated CIHL in these mice.

MoS₂-DNA tetrahedral bioconjugate for high-performance DNA biosensors: application in viral infection diagnostics.

An electrochemical DNA biosensor is presented for early viral infection detection, integrating molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂), tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs), and thionine-modified carbon nanodots (CNDsTy). The innovation of this work lies in the first-time integration of these nanomaterials for the preparation of a bioconjugate, whose synergy enables the biosensor's functionality. MoS₂ anchors the TDNs, which carry the capture probe for virus identification via genetic code recognition.

Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology and clinical burden of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis for the incidence, prevalence and mortality of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) and describe the clinical burden of EGPA.

Methods: Searches were conducted in Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid Embase from January 2019 to June 2023 to identify relevant studies. Data were extracted, and the quality was assessed.

Loss of Taste: A Case of Unusual Tonsillectomy Complication Resolved with Empiric Zinc Supplementation.

Post-tonsillectomy loss of taste is an uncommon, yet significant complication. The author reports a case of post-tonsillectomy loss of taste, for six months. Zinc deficiency was thought to be the cause, it resolved with zinc supplementation.

Throat Swabs- Do They Tell the Entire Story.

This study compares the microbial profiles obtained from tonsil surface culture, tonsil core culture, and adenoid core culture in pediatric patients with recurrent adenotonsillitis. Conducted at a tertiary care center in Chennai, Tamil Nadu over two years, the study enrolled pediatric patients (5-18 years) diagnosed with recurrent adenotonsillitis undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. Throat swabs were collected preoperatively for culture and sensitivity, and a preoperative dose of Inj.

Isolated Cystic Neck Mass as Only Presentation of Tonsillar Carcinoma.

Isolated cystic cervical swelling may be a presentation of a branchial cyst, tubercular lymphadenitis, or maybe a metastatic lymphadenopathy from different head and neck subsites like pharynx and thyroid, etc. The location or level of swelling may give hints towards the primary pathology from where it spreads. Aspiration cytology and radiology sometimes fail to confirm its malignant nature and the primary site of origin.

Quality of Life and Nutritional Outcomes with PEG Feeding in Locally Advanced Oral Cancer: An Institutional Experience.

Unlabelled: Locally advanced oral carcinoma requires extensive surgical intervention, leading to significant postoperative nutritional challenges. Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) feeding has emerged as a preferred method over nasogastric (NG) feeding, providing consistent nutritional support that aids recovery by reducing complications and enhancing quality of life. This prospective cohort study followed 50 patients with locally advanced oral carcinoma requiring postoperative PEG feeding.

Impact of Concomitant Tonsillectomy on the Management and Outcomes of Pediatric Adenoidectomy.

Adenoidectomy is a common otolaryngologic procedure that may be performed with concomitant tonsillectomy (T&A). This study investigates differences between pediatric inpatients undergoing adenoidectomy alone and T&A. The 2016 Kid's Inpatient Database was used to identify pediatric patients undergoing adenoidectomy (ICD-10: 0CTQXZZ) with and without tonsillectomy (ICD-10: 0CTP, 0CBP).

Coin in the Oesophagus Cloaked over the Other - A Rare Case Report.

Coins continue to be the most common foreign body that kids swallow, especially younger children. There are still extremely few documented instances of children ingesting several coins in the literature, making these occurrences uncommon. It is quite uncommon to see a case of multiple coin ingestion with perfect radiological alignment.

Phylogenetic Study of Local Patterns Influenza A(H3N2) Virus Transmission in a Semi-Isolated Population in a Remote Island in Japan Between 2011 and 2013.

Background: Influenza A outbreak risk is impacted by the potential for importation and local transmission. Reconstructing transmission history with phylogenetic analysis of genetic sequences can help assess outbreak risk but relies on regular collection of genetic sequences. Few influenza genetic sequences are collected in Japan, which makes phylogenetic analysis challenging, especially in rural, remote settings.

Bacterial lysates in modifying sIgA levels in the upper respiratory tract in COVID-19 patients.

A great deal of evidence has accumulated suggesting an important role of mucosal immunity not only in preventing COVID-19 but also in the pathogenesis of this infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in different compartments of the upper respiratory tract in COVID-19 patients in relation to the severity of the disease and treatment with a bacteria-based immunomodulating agent (Immunovac VP4). The titers of sIgA were determined by ELISA in nasal epithelial swabs, pharyngeal swabs, and salivary gland secretions at baseline and on days 14 and 30 of treatment.