Kappa opioid receptor internalisation-induced p38 nuclear translocation suppresses glioma progression.

Background: Recent studies have implicated a role for perioperative medications in determining patient outcomes after surgery for malignant tumours, including relapse and metastasis.

Methods: A combined approach spanned molecular, cellular, and organismal levels, including bioinformatics, immunohistochemical staining of clinical and animal samples, RNA sequencing of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, lentiviral-mediated gene expression modulation, in vitro cell experiments, and in vivo orthotopic tumour transplantation.

Results: We observed a significant correlation between increased kappa opioid receptor (KOP receptor) expression and better prognosis in patients with glioma.

Roles of blood monocytes carrying TREM2 mutation in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and its therapeutic potential in APP/PS1 mice.

Introduction: The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) arginine-47-histidine (R47H) mutation is a significant risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with unclear mechanisms. Previous studies focused on microglial amyloid-β (Aβ) phagocytosis with less attention on the impact of TREM2 mutation on blood monocytes.

Methods: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) models were used to assess the contribution of blood monocytes carrying TREM2 mutation to AD.

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer, 2024 update.

The 2024 updates of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Clinical Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer emphasize standardizing cancer treatment in China, highlighting the latest advancements in evidence-based medicine, healthcare resource access, and precision medicine in oncology. These updates address disparities in epidemiological trends, clinicopathological characteristics, tumor biology, treatment approaches, and drug selection for colorectal cancer patients across diverse regions and backgrounds. Key revisions include adjustments to evidence levels for intensive treatment strategies, updates to regimens for deficient mismatch repair (dMMR)/ microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) patients, proficient mismatch repair (pMMR)/ microsatellite stability (MSS) patients who have failed standard therapies, and rectal cancer patients with low recurrence risk.

Cardiometabolic index and mortality risks: elevated cancer and reduced cardiovascular mortality risk in a large cohort.

Background: With metabolic disorders on the rise globally, the cardiometabolic index (CMI) has emerged as a crucial predictor of mortality risks linked to cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. This novel index, which combines lipid metabolism and body composition, is the focus of this study, aimed at exploring its association with all-cause and specific mortality in an all-age adult population.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort study including 5,728 participants aged over 18 from nine cycles between 2001 and 2018 was enrolled and assessed.

A meta-analysis and systematic review of myocardial infarction-induced cardiomyocyte proliferation in adult mouse heart.

Background: The proliferation capacity of adult cardiomyocytes is very limited in the normal adult mammalian heart. Previous studies implied that cardiomyocyte proliferation increases after injury stimulation, but the result is controversial partly due to different methodologies. We aim to evaluate whether myocardial infarction (MI) stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation in adult mice.

TDERS, an exosome RNA-derived signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in clear cell renal cell cancer: a multicohort study.

Background: Tumor-derived exosomes are involved in tumor progression and immune invasion and might function as promising noninvasive approaches for clinical management. However, there are few reports on exosom-based markers for predicting the progression and adjuvant therapy response rate among patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: The signatures differentially expressed in exosomes from tumor and normal tissues from ccRCC patients were correspondingly deregulated in ccRCC tissues.

Targeting S100A9 attenuates social dysfunction by modulating neuroinflammation and myelination in a mouse model of autism.

Growing evidence supports a role for dysregulated neuroinflammation in autism. However, the underlying mechanisms of microglia-evoked neuroinflammation in the development of autistic phenotypes have not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of microglial S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) in autistic phenotypes.

Physician assistant/associate career flexibility: factors associated with specialty transitions.

Background: Physician assistants/associates (PAs), due to their broad medical education and certification, have the flexibility to change specialties throughout their careers. Prior studies suggest that between half and three-quarters exercise this option at some point in their career, and a third do so within the first decade. However, more research is needed to understand the factors associated with PAs changing vs.

Choroid plexus cysts on 7T MRI: Relationship to aging and neurodegenerative diseases.

Introduction: The choroid plexus (CP) may play a crucial role in brain degeneration. We aim to assess whether CP cysts (CPCs), defined using ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), relate to aging and neurodegeneration.

Methods: We used multi-sequence 7T MRI to observe CPCs, characterizing their presence and characteristics in healthy younger controls, healthy older controls (OCs), patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and patients with uremic encephalopathy.

Spatiotemporal dissection of collective cell migration and tissue morphogenesis during development by optogenetics.

Collective cell migration and tissue morphogenesis play a variety of important roles in the development of many species. Tissue morphogenesis often generates mechanical forces that alter cell shapes and arrangements, resembling collective cell migration-like behaviors. Genetic methods have been widely used to study collective cell migration and its like behavior, advancing our understanding of these processes during development.

Chinese guidelines for ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules (2024 Edition).

The Chinese Guidelines for Ultrasound-guided Thermal Ablation of Thyroid Nodules (2024 edition) were jointly initiated by the Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Medical Association, the Interventional Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, the Ultrasonic Intervention Committee of Chinese Colleges of Interventionalists, the Oncological Intervention Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association, 37 multidisciplinary experts in interventional ultrasound, ultrasound medicine, endocrinology and thyroid surgery participated in the compilation of this guide, which expanded the depth and breadth of the perspective and enhanced the authority of the guide. Based on the systematic review of literatures related to ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules and the professional opinions of experts, the guidelines define the indications and contraindications of thermal ablation, including pre-ablation evaluation and preparation, thermal ablation techniques and operational procedures, post-ablation follow-up, therapeutic effect evaluation, complications prevention and treatment, and the writing of medical documents for ablation. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), a total of 17 objective and comprehensive recommendations were given.

Aerobic exercise improves energy and glucose homeostasis through hypothalamic Mitofusion 2-rescued endoplasmic reticulum stress in diet-induced obese mice.

Aims: Hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitochondrial dysfunction are two important mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of obesity, which can be reversed by aerobic exercise to improve organ function. Mitofusion 2 (Mfn2), a mitochondrial membrane protein, affects both mitochondrial dynamics and ER morphology. This study explored the contribution of hypothalamic Mfn2 to exercise-induced improvements in energy homeostasis and peripheral metabolism and the underlying mechanisms involved.

KCNJ15 inhibits chemical-induced lung carcinogenesis and progression through GNB1 mediated Hippo pathway.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important environmental carcinogens that can cause lung cancer. However, the underlying epigenetic mechanism during PAHs-induced lung carcinogenesis has remained largely unknown. Previously, we screened some novel epigenetic regulatory genes during 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MCA)-induced lung carcinogenesis, including the potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 15 (KCNJ15) gene.

Microcystin-LR induces neuronal damage through mitophagy defects resulted from the downregulated transcription of Scd2 by directly targeting IGF-1R.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a prevalent cyanotoxin present in hazardous cyanobacterial blooms, is recognized as a neurotoxic environmental pollutant that induces brain damage and neurobehavioral deficits. However, the mechanisms underlying MC-LR-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of mitophagy in MC-LR-induced neurotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo.

Discordant Information on Blinding in Trial Registries and Published Research: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Blinding of individuals involved in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) can be used to protect against performance and biases, but discrepancies in the reporting of methodological features between registered protocols and subsequent trial publications may lead to inconsistencies, thereby reintroducing bias.

Objective: To investigate inconsistency in blinding as reported in trial registries and publications.

Data Sources: An exploratory dataset and a validation dataset were created.

Cordycepin ameliorates spaceflight-induced osteoporosis by preventing BMSCs oxidative stress and senescence via interacting with PI3K p110α and regulating PI3K/Akt/FOXO3 signalling.

Spaceflight-induced osteoporosis (SFOP) is a detrimental healthcare consequence during spaceflight. Weightlessness and ionizing radiation were main environmental factors that contribute to SFOP, especially in the manned deep space voyages. However, currently there is scarce effective method to treat SFOP.

Automatic MRI-TRUS Fusion Technique for Transperineal Biopsy Guidance: From Preoperative Planning to Intraoperative Navigation.

Background: Targeted and systematic transperineal biopsy of lesions guided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) fusion technique may optimize the biopsy procedure and enhance the detection of prostate cancer. We described the transperineal biopsy guided by an automatic MRI-TRUS fusion technique, and evaluated the accuracy and feasibility of this method in a prospective single-center study.

Methods: The proposed method focuses on automating the delineation of prostate contours in both the MRI and TRUS images, the registration and fusion of MRI and TRUS images, the generation and visualiztion of the systematic biopsy cores in their corresponding locations within the 2D and the 3D views, as well as the computation and visualiztion of needle trajectories from preoperative planning to intraoperative navigation.

NIR-Light Activable 3D Printed Platform Nanoarchitectured with Electrospun Plasmonic Filaments for On Demand Treatment of Infected Wounds.

Bacterial infections can lead to severe complications that adversely affect wound healing. Thus, the development of effective wound dressings has become a major focus in the biomedical field, as current solutions remain insufficient for treating complex, particularly chronic wounds. Designing an optimal environment for healing and tissue regeneration is essential.

Gray Matter Asymmetry Alterations in Patients With Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: A Voxel-Based Morphometric Comparison Study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the whole-brain asymmetry changes in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and their association with movement disorders.

Methods: Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to assess asymmetry in gray matter (GM) volume in 83 genetically confirmed SCA3 patients and 83 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs). The asymmetry index (AI) was analyzed for partial correlation with disease severity, as measured by the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS).

Chinese expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Development and preliminary validation of the Dietary Self-management Behavior Questionnaire (DSMBQ) for breast cancer patients during chemotherapy: three rounds of survey.

Background: Adverse effects during chemotherapy severely impact the daily diet of breast cancer (BC) patients. Engaging in dietary self-management is crucial for healthy lifestyle and recovery. This study aims to create the Dietary Self-management Behavior Questionnaire (DSMBQ) and preliminarily validate its reliability, validity, and discriminative ability for BC patients undergoing chemotherapy.