The effect of physical cues on platelet storage lesion.

Background: Platelet concentrates play an important role in clinical treatment such as platelet function disorders and thrombocytopenia. In the process of preparation and storage of platelets, centrifugation, leukofiltration, and agitation will cause morphological changes and impaired function of platelets, which is associated with the increase of platelet transfusion refractoriness, and named as platelet storage lesion (PSL).

Method: This paper proposes three major operations (centrifugation, agitation, and leukofiltration) that platelets experience during the preparation and storage process, to explore the effect of physical cues on PSL.

Neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity: unveiling the multifaceted roles in health and disease.

Neutrophils, the most abundant circulating leukocytes, have long been recognized as key players in innate immunity and inflammation. However, recent discoveries unveil their remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity, challenging the traditional view of neutrophils as a homogeneous population with a limited functional repertoire. Advances in single-cell technologies and functional assays have revealed distinct neutrophil subsets with diverse phenotypes and functions and their ability to adapt to microenvironmental cues.

Second Trimester Abortion: A Dilation and Evacuation Simulation for Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics Residents.

Introduction: The future of training in second trimester surgical abortions with dilation and evacuation (D&E) procedures faces ongoing legal and political scrutiny; thus, adjuncts to standard clinical experiences are exceedingly important. We sought to build medical trainees' surgical familiarity with D&Es using a realistic simulation model.

Methods: The simulation began with an instructional video reviewing accessible and affordable materials used to build the fetal model (vaginal swabs, styrofoam ball, and putty) and the uterine model (collapsible water bottle).

Mechanism of engineered macrophage membrane bionic gene-carrying nanospheres for targeted drug delivery to promote wound repair in deep second-degree burns.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a substance that stimulates the proliferation of hepatocytes which promote healing. We developed a macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanosphere drug delivery system containing HGF for the study of burn wound healing. Twenty-seven Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a saline control (NS) group, an engineered macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanospheres (ETMM@NPS) group, and an engineered macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanospheres treatment with HGF-loaded gene (HGF@ETMM@NPS) group.

Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. However, no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in China. We conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (except for Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan Province, and the Xizang Autonomous Region, please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk factors.

Depressive intensity, duration, and their associations with cognitive decline: a population-based study in Korea.

Existing epidemiological studies have ignored the effect of depressive duration on cognitive decline despite the presence of biological cues and understudied the depression-cognition association in Asian countries in the context of increasing cognitive burden worldwide. We aimed to comprehensively characterize the effects of depressive duration and intensity on cognitive decline at the population level. A total of 6406 individuals from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from 2010 to 2018 were included to generate four datasets with durations of 2, 4, 6, and 8 years.

The number of recanalization attempts, procedure time and endovascular therapy outcomes in acute large core stroke patients.

Introduction: Landmark thrombectomy trials demonstrated improved functional outcomes after endovascular therapy (EVT) for large core strokes (LCSs). This study explored the impact of recanalization attempts and procedure time (PT) on outcomes in LCS patients.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with LCSs who underwent EVT from a prospective multicentre cohort.

SOX2 control activation of dormant prostate cancer cells in bone metastases by promoting CCNE2 gene expression.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a powerful tumor initiation ability, which can promote the early dissemination of single disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), leading to tumor progression. SOX2, a pluripotent inducible transcription factor, is key to maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency of prostate cancer stem cells. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of how SOX2 regulates DTCs dormancy and proliferation in the bone marrow microenvironment.

Amygdala-centered fusional connections characterized nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

The importance of nonmotor symptoms in understanding the pathogenesis of the heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease has been highlighted. However, the validation of specific brain network biomarkers in nonmotor symptom subtypes is currently lacking. By performing a new approach to compute functional connectivity with structural prior using magnetic resonance imaging, the present study computed both functional connectivity and fusional connectivity features in the nonmotor symptom subtypes of Parkinson's disease, one characterized by cognitive impairment with late onset and the other depression with early onset.

Documentation of lead exposure-associated comorbidity among 4538 workers in China.

Background: Systematic documentation of morbidity with exposure assessment in a large group of lead (Pb)-exposed workers in China.

Methods: Using the cluster sampling method, Pb-exposed workers were recruited from a factory in the Henan Province, China. The morbidity information and blood lead concentration (BLC) from each worker were collected.

Distinct neural computations scale the violation of expected reward and emotion in social transgressions.

Traditional decision-making models conceptualize humans as adaptive learners utilizing the differences between expected and actual rewards (prediction errors, PEs) to maximize outcomes, but rarely consider the influence of violations of emotional expectations (emotional PEs) and how it differs from reward PEs. Here, we conducted a fMRI experiment (n = 43) using a modified Ultimatum Game to examine how reward and emotional PEs affect punishment decisions in terms of rejecting unfair offers. Our results revealed that reward relative to emotional PEs exerted a stronger prediction to punishment decisions.

Association between C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index and overall survival in patients with esophageal cancer.

Background: Esophageal cancer is an aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis, making early detection and treatment crucial. C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a comprehensive indicator which is involved in the process of metabolism, inflammation and immune reaction, and has been addressed to correlate with clinical outcomes in cancer patients. However, However, the evidence in esophageal cancer remains unclear.

Multiscale Hierarchical Micro- and Nano-Surface Induced by High-Repetition-Rate Femtosecond Laser Promote Peri-Implant Osseointegration.

Micro- and nanomorphological modification and roughening of titanium implant surfaces can enhance osseointegration; however, the optimal morphology remains unclear. Laser processing of implant surfaces has demonstrated significant potential due to its precision, controllability, and environmental friendliness. Femtosecond lasers, through precise optimization of processing parameters, can modify the surface of any solid material to generate micro- and nanomorphologies of varying scales and roughness.

The association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and delirium in ischemic stroke patients.

Background: Delirium is a severe neuropsychiatric symptom following acute ischemic stroke (IS) and is associated with poor outcomes. Systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation are believed to contribute to the pathophysiology of delirium. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) are widely recognized as convenient and reliable biomarkers of systemic inflammation.

Potent human antibodies against SpA5 identified by high-throughput single-cell sequencing of phase I clinical volunteers' B cells.

The drug resistance problem of needs to be solved urgently. Here, we report the rapid identification of human antibodies by high-throughput single-cell RNA and VDJ sequencing of memory B cells derived from 64 volunteers immunized with recombinant five-component vaccine (clinical phase I). From 676 antigen-binding IgG1 clonotypes, TOP10 sequences were selected for expression and characterization, with the most potent one, Abs-9, having nanomolar affinity for the pentameric form of the specific antigen protein A.

Entropy driven-based catalytic biosensors for bioanalysis: From construction to application-A review.

The rapid advancement of precision medicine and the continuous emergence of novel pathogens have presented new challenges for biosensors, necessitating higher requirements. Target amplification technology serves as the core component in biosensor construction. Enzyme-based amplification methods are often sensitive and selective but involve relatively complex operational steps, whereas enzyme-free amplification methods offer simplicity but frequently fail to meet both sensitivity and selectivity simultaneously.

Negative prognostic significance of primary cilia and cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in non-small cell lung cancer.

The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the frequency of primary cilia (PC) and β-catenin expression in 218 patients (pts) with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including 125 pts with adenocarcinoma and 93 pts with squamous cell carcinoma. In the whole group of 218 pts with NSCLC, overall survival (OS) was significantly inferior among pts with present PC than without PC (p=0.024) and with higher cytoplasmic β-catenin expression (25-75%) than with lower cytoplasmic β-catenin expression (<25%) (p=0.

A Population-Based Study of the Association Among Dry Mouth, Vitamin B2, and Mortality.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that older adults with the symptom of dry mouth have an increased risk of death. B vitamins are strongly linked to oral and systemic health. However, the relationship among dry mouth, vitamin B2 and mortality remains unclear.

A retrospective study of the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of SMARCA4-deficient thoracic tumors.

Background: Thoracic tumors characterized by a deficiency in SMARCA4 are highly aggressive and linked to a poor prognosis. This retrospective study explores the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with chemotherapy for SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors (SMARCA4-dUT) and SMARCA4-deficient non-small cell lung cancer (SMARCA4-dNSCLC).

Methods: A cohort of 59 individuals was analyzed, including 35 patients with SMARCA4-dUT and 24 with SMARCA4-dNSCLC.

Palladium-catalysed asymmetric cascade transformations of 4-alken-2-ynyl carbonates to construct complex frameworks.

As a class of readily available and multifunctional building blocks, the chemistry of 4-alken-2-ynyl carbonates remains to be explored. Presented herein is a palladium-catalysed cascade transformative reaction between 4-alken-2-ynyl carbonates and -functionalised activated alkenes. Achiral 1,1-bisalkyl-4-alken-2-ynyl carbonates undergo highly regioselective propargylic substitution with -hydroxyphenyl-tethered activated alkenes, and an auto-tandem vinylogous addition, unusual central-carbon Tsuji-Trost alkylation, protonation and β-H elimination process is followed to furnish fused and spirocyclic frameworks with high structural complexity.

Possible brain regions involved in parturition in mice.

Parturition is a vital physiological process in the reproduction of female mammals, regulated by neurohumoral mechanisms coordinated by the central nervous system. The uterus is essential for this process; however, the neural pathways connecting the brain to the uterus remain poorly understood. In this study, we combined the pseudorabies virus (PRV) tracing tool with c-Fos immunofluorescence staining to identify brain regions that may regulate uterine muscle activity during parturition.

Injurious Falls Before, During, and After Stroke Diagnosis: A Population-based Study.

Objectives: We aimed to examine changes in the incidence of injurious falls before, during, and after stroke, and to identify risk factors of injurious falls before and after stroke diagnosis.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Within the Swedish Twin Registry, 4431 participants (aged 66.

The associations of physical activity patterns and the triglyceride-glucose index in US adults: a secondary data analysis of NHANES (2007-2018).

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a readily accessible surrogate biomarker for insulin resistance and metabolic health, has been extensively investigated across various ethnic populations. The critical role of physical activity (PA) in enhancing insulin sensitivity has been corroborated by numerous studies. Nonetheless, the relationship between different patterns of PA and the TyG index remains ambiguous.

miR-199a-3p mitigates simulated microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling by targeting MEF2C.

Microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction present significant challenges to long-term spaceflight, highlighting the urgent need to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and develop precise countermeasures. Previous studies have outlined the important role of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease progression, with miR-199a-3p playing a crucial role in myocardial injury repair and the maintenance of cardiac function. However, the specific role and expression pattern of miR-199a-3p in microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling remain unclear.

Artificial biomarker-based feedback-regulated personalized and precise thrombolysis with lower hemorrhagic risk.

The body weight-based thrombolytic medication strategy in clinical trials shows critical defects in recanalization rate and post-thrombolysis hemorrhage. Methods for perceiving thrombi heterogeneity of thrombolysis resistance is urgently needed for precise thrombolysis. Here, we revealed the relationship between the thrombin heterogeneity and the thrombolysis resistance in thrombi and created an artificial biomarker-based nano-patrol system with robotic functional logic to perceive and report the thrombolysis resistance of thrombi.