Clinical characteristics of tracheobronchial infection in non-HIV-infected patients in South China.

Objectives: Tracheobronchial () infections among non-HIV-infected patients are rare. To improve understanding, we analysed the clinical features, immune mechanisms, treatment, and prognosis.

Methods: Data on hospitalized patients with tracheobronchial infections from September 2013 to May 2022 were collected.

Clinical Features and Classification of Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease.

Background And Objectives: Neuronal intranuclear inclusion body disease (NIID) is a neurodegenerative disease with highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations. The present study aimed to characterize clinical features and propose a classification system based on a large cohort of NIID in China.

Methods: The Chinese NIID registry was launched from 2017, and participants' demographics and clinical features were recorded.

Detection rate of fluorine-18 prostate-specific membrane antigen-1007 PET/CT for prostate cancer in primary staging and biochemical recurrence with different serum PSA levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the detection rate (DR) of fluoro-prostate-specific membrane antigen (F-PSMA-1007) PET/CT in patients with different serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in the setting of primary staging of prostate cancer (PCa) or biochemically recurring PCa.

Methods: A comprehensive electronic literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. This study was registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number: CRD42022331595).

Efficacy Evaluation of Zoledronic Acid Combined with Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Spinal Metastases on Computed Tomography Images on Intelligent Algorithms.

To analyze the effectiveness and safety of zoledronic acid combined with chemotherapy for lung cancer spinal metastases, 96 patients with lung cancer spinal metastases were averagely classified into the experimental group (gemcitabine, cisplatin, and zoledronic acid) and the control group (gemcitabine and cisplatin). An optimized noise variance estimation algorithm (OMAPB) was proposed based on the maximum a posteriori Bayesian method (MAPB), and the algorithm was applied to the patient's computed tomography (CT) scan. The results indicated that in terms of curative effect, the number of complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR) cases, effective rate, and clinical benefit rate of the test group was significantly higher than those of the control group.

Recent Advances and Next Breakthrough in Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment.

With the huge therapeutic potential, cancer immunotherapy is expected to become the mainstream of cancer treatment. In the current field of cancer immunotherapy, there are mainly five types. Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is one of the most promising directions.

MicroRNA-409-3p Targeting at ATXN3 Reduces the Apoptosis of Dopamine Neurons Based on the Profile of miRNAs in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Early Parkinson's Disease.

Precise recognition of early Parkinson's disease (PD) has always been a challenging task requiring more feasible biomarkers to be integrated to improve diagnostic accuracy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are believed to be potential and promising candidate biomarkers for PD. However, the role of altered miRNAs of CSF play in PD is unclear.

Exosomes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant epithelial tumor with a unique geographical distribution, primarily prevalent in East Africa and Asia. Although there is an increased understanding of the pathogenesis and risk factors of NPC, prevention and treatment efforts remain limited. Various studies have indicated that exosomes are actively involved in NPC by delivering biomolecules such as non-coding RNAs and proteins to target cells.

CircWHSC1 regulates malignancy and glycolysis by the miR-212-5p/AKT3 pathway in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive malignant tumor in breast cancer (BC). Circular RNA circWHSC1 (circWHSC1) is connected with the progression of tumors. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of circWHSC1 in TNBC are unclear.

[DNM1L gene variant caused encephalopathy, lethal, due to defective mitochondrial peroxisomal fission 1: three cases report and literature review].

To investigate the clinical characteristics of R403C variant in DNM1L gene caused encephalopathy, lethal, due to defective mitochondrial peroxisomal fission 1 (EMPF1). The clinical data of three patients, who carried R403C variant in the DNM1L gene, diagnosed at Xiangya Hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were retrospectively summarized. Literature reviewing was performed by taking "DNM1L" or "encephalopathy, lethal, due to defective mitochondrial peroxisomal fission 1" as keywords for searching in online Mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM), PubMed, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang data knowledge service platform up to July 2020.

[Clinical effect of "Jin's three-needle" therapy and motor relearning regimen on the upper limb motor function in patients with ischemic stroke].

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of "Jin's three-needle" therapy and motor relearning regime for the recovery of upper limb motor function in the patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: A total of 60 patients with ischemic stroke were randomly divided into an experiment group (30 cases) and a control group (30 cases). In the control group, the routine rehabilitation regimen was adopted.

Effect of thiamazole on kainic acid-induced seizures in mice.

Kainic acid (KA) induced epileptic seizures in mice is a commonly used experimental model of epilepsy. Previous studies have suggested the roles of various neurotransmitters and oxidative stress in KA-induced seizures. An important role of hypothyroidism has also been suggested in epilepsy.

Phyllanthin prevents diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced liver carcinogenesis in rats and induces apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells.

Liver cancer is a critical clinical condition with augmented malignancy, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. Liver cancer often initiates as fibrosis, develops as cirrhosis, and results in cancer. For centuries, medicinal plants have been incorporated in various liver-associated complications, and recently, research has recognized that many bioactive compounds from medicinal plants may interact with targets related to liver disorders.

CircPVT1 Regulates Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and Glycolysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via miR-377/TRIM23 Axis.

Background: Recent studies reported that circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert essential functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, the expression profile and function of circular RNA PVT1 (circPVT1) in HCC are not fully addressed. Thus, we aimed to probe into the function of circPVT1 in HCC development.

Modified and simplified clinically important deterioration: multidimensional indices of short-term disease trajectory to predict future exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background And Aims: Various prediction indices based on the single time point observation have been proposed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little was known about disease trajectory as a predictor of future exacerbations. Our study explored the association between disease trajectory and future exacerbations, and validated the predictive value of the modified and simplified short-term clinically important deterioration (CID).

Methods: This study was a multicenter, prospective observational study.

Current Status of the Treatment of COPD in China: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study.

Background: There is a large gap in the treatments for patients with COPD according to the Global Initiative for COPD (GOLD) recommendations. Determining the situation of therapies in the real world is necessary. This study aimed to characterize the real-world practical therapies of COPD and prognosis of patients after treatment for 1 year.

The Mutation Associated with Parkinson's Disease Enhances the Vulnerability of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes to Paraquat.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of PD are still unclear and there is a lack of reliable biomarkers for early molecular diagnosis. Parkin (encoded by ) is a ubiquitin E3 ligase that participates in mitochondrial homeostasis, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, oxidative stress response, and cell death pathways, which are involved in the pathogenesis of PD.

CircAPLP2 regulates the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer by targeting miR-101-3p to activate the Notch signalling pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and it has a poor prognosis. Emerging evidence shows that circular RNAs (circRNAs) may act as good therapeutic targets for cancers due to their abundance and stability. However, their regulatory role in CRC needs further investigation.

Bleomycin inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of brain glioma cells via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of bleomycin (BLM) on the proliferation and apoptosis of brain glioma cells through transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathway.

Methods: The U87 brain glioma cells were cultured in vitro and reacted with different concentrations of BLM (5 and 10 mU/mL), and the cell growth status of each group was observed under a microscope. The cell proliferation activity was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, the percentage of 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU)-positive cells in each group was determined via EdU staining, and the apoptosis of U87 cells was tested by means of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.

CLEC4M is associated with poor prognosis and promotes cisplatin resistance in NSCLC patients.

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the foundation of treatment for major non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, cisplatin resistance is still a challenging issue, and the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance remain to be fully explored. CLEC4M, a Ca-dependent C-type lectin, has recently been found to correlate with tumourigenesis.

HA280 immunoadsorption, an alternative treatment for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders?

We report a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) with complete loss of vision in the left eye in a patient who was not satisfied with the effect of methylprednisolone therapy, which was improved by HA280 immunoadsorption (IA) therapy. HA280 is a relatively cheaper IA column (made in China) often used in the treatment of rheumatoid immune-related diseases. HA280 can effectively remove inflammatory markers in serum.

Notch1 signaling in melanoma cells promoted tumor-induced immunosuppression via upregulation of TGF-β1.

Background: The receptors of Notch family play an important role in controlling the development, differentiation, and function of multiple cell types. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of Notch1 signaling upon immune suppression induced by melanoma cells.

Methods: Melanoma cell line B16 cells were transfected by lentivirus containing mouse Notch1 gene or Notch1 shRNA to generate B16 cell line that highly or lowly expressed Notch1.

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A low plasma level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) is associated with cardiovascular risk. A key cardioprotective property of HDL is cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), the ability of HDL to accept cholesterol from macrophages. In this study, we aimed to identify the predictive value of CEC for cardiovascular risk.

Genetic Polymorphisms and Platinum-based Chemotherapy Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Genetic Epidemiology Study Based Meta-analysis.

Data regarding genetic polymorphisms and platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) treatment outcomes in patients with NSCLC are published at a growing pace, but the results are inconsistent. This meta-analysis integrated eligible candidate genes to better evaluate the pharmacogenetics of PBC in NSCLC patients. Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and WANFANG databases.

[Inhibitory effects of suramin on growth of transplanted lung adencarcinoma in mice and its mechanisms].

Background & Objective: Recent study found that suramin could inhibit the growth of malignant tumors, but its in vivo effect on lung adenocarcinoma has seldom been reported. This study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of suramin on the growth and metastasis of transplanted lung adenocarcinoma in mice, and explore the mechanisms.

Methods: Lung adenocarcinoma LA795 cells were transplanted into 32 T739 mice.