Laminaran potentiates cGAS-STING signaling to enhance antiviral responses.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway, an essential element in the innate antiviral immune responses, has emerged as a key component of innate immune system to modulate type I IFNs production and response by recognizing both exogenous and endogenous DNA. Although some cGAS-STING signaling small molecule agonists have been developed, there are few natural polysaccharides reported to activate cGAS-STING signaling for the treatment of infectious diseases. Here, we reported that Laminaran, a low molecular weight β-glucan storage polysaccharide present in brown algae, potentiates cGAS-STING signaling to promote type I IFNs production and antiviral response.

Long-term effects of linear versus macrocyclic GBCAs on gene expression in the central nervous system of mice.

Background: We examined chronic gadolinium retention impact on gene expression in the mouse central nervous system (CNS) after injection of linear or macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs).

Methods: From 05/2022 to 07/2023, 36 female mice underwent weekly intraperitoneal injections of gadodiamide (2.5 mmol/kg, linear), gadobutrol (2.

Clinical Characteristics of Primary and Overlap Sjögren's Syndrome-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors for adverse outcomes in patients with Sjögren's Syndrome-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SS-PAH).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on SS-PAH patients diagnosed by right heart catheterization (RHC) between March 2013 and March 2024 across four Chinese medical centers. Patients were categorized into primary SS-PAH (pSS-PAH) and overlap SS-PAH, based on the presence of additional autoimmune diseases.

The Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular End-Diastolic Basal Diameter Index by Echocardiography in Connective Tissue Diseases Associated With Pulmonary Artery Hypertension.

Background: Right ventricular (RV) failure is a well-recognized pivotal prognostic factor of adverse outcomes in pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), while RV dilation provides significant implications for adaptive or maladaptive changes. PAH is a predominant cause of mortality among patients with connective tissue disease (CTD). This study aims to elucidate the prognostic significance of RV morphology, as assessed by echocardiography (ECHO), in with CTD associated with PAH (CTD-PAH).

Effect of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills on cardiac function after acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A randomized trial.

The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills (CDDP) in improving cardiac function among patients with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (AAMI). Between February 2021 and February 2023, 247 eligible patients with AAMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) were enrolled and randomly assigned (1∶1) to receive CDDP ( = 126) or placebo ( = 121), with a follow-up of 48 weeks. Compared with the placebo group, the CDDP group demonstrated a significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values after 24 weeks of the treatment (least squares mean: 3.

An integrated investigation of mitochondrial genes in COPD reveals the causal effect of NDUFS2 by regulating pulmonary macrophages.

Background: Despite the increasing body of evidence that mitochondrial activities implicate in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we are still far from a causal-logical and mechanistic understanding of the mitochondrial malfunctions in COPD pathogenesis.

Results: Differential expression genes (DEGs) from six publicly available bulk human lung tissue transcriptomic datasets of COPD patients were intersected with the known mitochondria-related genes from MitoCarta3.0 to obtain mitochondria-related DEGs associated with COPD (MitoDEGs).

Assessment of bacterial positivity rate changes in anesthesia machine internal circuits within recovery rooms and associated risk factors.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate bacterial proliferation within the internal circuits of anesthesia machines in post-anesthesia care units (PACUs) following the implementation of the new protocol, where 'a single dedicated external circuit is used for each individual patient.' This measure was introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, in alignment with a novel prevention and control strategy.

Methods: Using the observational technique, we analyzed anesthesia machines in PACUs between July and September 2022.

The Necessity of Lymphadenectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Smaller Than 6 mm in Solid Size.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the necessity of lymph node sampling for specific non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Patients with small-size (≤2 cm) NSCLC who underwent surgical resection between 2009 and 2022 were retrospectively screened. The characteristics of patients with nodal metastasis were demonstrated.

Validation of a non-invasive filling pressure (NIFP) device for measuring cardiac pressure and assessing congestion levels in patients with heart failure.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a high-burden clinical syndrome characterized by intravascular and extravascular congestion, impacting patients' outcomes. Current diagnostic methods for assessing intravascular congestion, including right heart catheterization (RHC), have some limitations. There is a need for accurate, stable, and widely applicable non-invasive measurement methods to improve HF diagnosis and treatment.

Role of the medial septum neurotensin receptor 1 in anxiety-like behaviors evoked by emotional stress.

Anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders. Neurotensin (NT) is a neuropeptide widely distributed in the central nervous system, involved in the pathophysiology of many neural and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety. However, the neural substrates mediating NT's effect on the regulation of anxiety have not been fully identified.

[Progress in the immunometabolism in the regulation of macrophage function in sepsis].

Macrophages are widely distributed in peripheral blood, lungs, liver, brain, kidneys, skin, testes, vascular endothelial cells, and other parts of the body. As sentinel cells of innate immunity, they play an important role in the occurrence and development of sepsis. Recent research in immune metabolism has revealed the complicated relationship between specific metabolic pathways of macrophages and their phenotype and function in sepsis.

Development of a prognostic nomogram and risk stratification system for elderly patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing definitive radiotherapy: a multicenter retrospective analysis (3JECROG R-03 A).

Background: Our goal is to develop a nomogram model to predict overall survival (OS) for elderly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients receiving definitive radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT), aiding clinicians in personalized treatment planning with a risk stratification system.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 718 elderly ESCC patients treated with RT or CRT at 10 medical centers (3JECROG) from January 2004 to November 2016. We identified independent prognostic factors using univariate and multifactorial Cox regression to construct a nomogram model.

Ultrasound localization microscopy in the diagnosis of breast tumors and prediction of relevant histologic biomarkers associated with prognosis in humans: the protocol for a prospective, multicenter study.

Background: Benign and malignant breast tumors differ in their microvasculature morphology and distribution. Histologic biomarkers of malignant breast tumors are also correlated with the microvasculature. There is a lack of imaging technology for evaluating the microvasculature.

Blood metal levels predict digestive tract cancer risk using machine learning in a U.S. cohort.

Background: Environmental metal exposure has been implicated in the development of digestive tract cancers, although the specific associations remain poorly defined. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood metal levels and the risk of digestive tract cancers among U.S.

Comprehensive Health Assessment of School-Age Children Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Prospective Cohort Follow-Up Study.

Objective: To assess the comprehensive health status of school-age children conceived through assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared to that of those conceived naturally.

Design: A prospective cohort study of children conceived through ART.

Setting: First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China.

Prediction of prognosis, immunogenicity and efficacy of immunotherapy based on cholesterol metabolism in gastric cancer.

Background: Cholesterol metabolism plays a crucial role in tumor progression and immune response modulation. However, the precise connection between cholesterol metabolism-related genes (CMRGs) and their implications for clinical prognosis, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the outcomes of immunotherapy in gastric cancer remains to be fully elucidated.

Methods: Transcriptome data and related clinical information from 675 gastric cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.

Predictive accuracy of comorbidity index models in assessing mortality risk among hemodialysis patients: A comprehensive single-center observational cohort study.

Objectives: Comorbidity prediction models have been demonstrated to offer more comprehensive and accurate predictions of death risk compared to single indices. However, their application in China has been limited, particularly among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of comorbidity index models in predicting mortality risk among Chinese MHD patients.

Erratum: Regulation of ezrin tension by S-nitrosylation mediates non-small cell lung cancer invasion and metastasis: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.32479.

OTUB2 contributes to vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease via the YAP-mediated transcription of PFKFB3.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue, with vascular calcification (VC) being a common and deadly complication. Despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanisms of VC remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether and how Otubain-2 (OTUB2) contributes to VC.

Microbial analyses of infectious keloids on the anterior chest-a case-control study.

Some studies have confirmed that pathogens can cause infection through bacterial cultures on the surface of infectious keloids. However, further exploration of the comparison between infectious and non-infectious keloids and the bacterial flora of infectious foci is lacking. To investigate the differential flora of purulent secretions on the surface of infectious keloids compared to non-infectious keloids and to determine the microbial composition within the infectious foci.

Decanoylcarnitine improves liver mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatitis B virus infection by enhancing fatty acid β-oxidation.

Background: The incidence of metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis B is increasing annually; however, the interaction between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and lipid metabolism remains unclear. This study attempted to clarify whether fatty acid metabolism regulation could alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction caused by HBV infection.

Methods: Public gene set of human livers was analyzed, and a proteomic analysis on mouse livers was conducted to explore metabolic disorders and affected organelles associated with HBV infection.

Successful Use of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Inhibitors in Hypertriglyceridemia-induced Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

Background: Managing hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) can be challenging, particularly due to the need for rapid triglyceride reduction to below 500mg/dL (5.645mmol/L).

Case Report: This is a case describing a 39-year-old female patient who presented to the Emergency Department with acute abdominal pain resulting from severe HTG-AP.

Causal Association Between Childhood Body Mass Index and Phlebitis and Thrombophlebitis: An Analysis Using Mendelian Randomization.

Research has indicated a link between obesity and a greater likelihood of venous disorders. However, the specific relationship between obesity in children and conditions such as phlebitis and thrombophlebitis remains undetermined. To explore this, we undertook a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the possible causal impact of childhood body mass index (BMI) on the development of phlebitis and thrombophlebitis.