Comparing the standardized amino acid digestibility of an alternative protein source with commercially available protein-based ingredients using the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay.

Using single-cell-based proteins in pet foods is of interest, but little testing has been done. Therefore, our objective was to determine the amino acid (AA) digestibilities, assess protein quality of a novel microbial protein (MP) (FeedKind), and compare it with other protein-based ingredients using the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay. Test ingredients included: MP, chicken meal (CM), corn gluten meal (CGM), pea protein (PP), and black soldier fly larvae.

Mechanistic Insight Into the Application of Alumina-Supported Pd Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene to Aniline.

Two Pd/γ-AlO catalysts are examined for the vapor phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene over the temperature range of 60-200 °C. A 1 wt % catalyst is selected as a reference material that is diluted with γ-alumina to produce a 0.3 wt % sample, which is representative of a metal loading linked to a candidate industrial specification aniline synthesis catalyst.

Industrial production of microbial protein products.

Microbial proteins provide a sustainable and nutritious alternative to traditional animal and plant-based proteins. Various strains have been demonstrated to generate biomass from a wide variety of substrates, from organic waste (e.g.

Toward High Selectivity Aniline Synthesis Catalysis at Elevated Temperatures.

In connection with an initiative to enhance heat recovery from the large-scale operation of a heterogeneously catalyzed nitrobenzene hydrogenation process to produce aniline, it is necessary to operate the process at elevated temperatures (>100 °C), a condition that can compromise aniline selectivity. Alumina-supported palladium catalysts are selected as candidate materials that can provide sustained aniline yields at elevated temperatures. Two Pd/AlO catalysts are examined that possess comparable mean Pd particle sizes (∼5 nm) for different Pd loading: 5 wt % Pd/AlO and 0.

Diverse and Abundant Secondary Metabolism Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in the Genomes of Marine Sponge Derived Streptomyces spp. Isolates.

The genus produces secondary metabolic compounds that are rich in biological activity. Many of these compounds are genetically encoded by large secondary metabolism biosynthetic gene clusters (smBGCs) such as polyketide synthases (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) which are modular and can be highly repetitive. Due to the repeats, these gene clusters can be difficult to resolve using short read next generation datasets and are often quite poorly predicted using standard approaches.

Measurement of spatial resolution and sensitivity in transmission and backscattering Raman spectroscopy of opaque samples: impact on pharmaceutical quality control and Raman tomography.

A practical methodology is described that allows measurement of spatial resolution and sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy in backscatter and transmission modes under conditions where photon migration dominates, i.e., with turbid or opaque samples.

Temporal and spatial resolution in transmission Raman spectroscopy.

Picosecond time-resolved transmission Raman data were acquired for 1 mm thick powder samples of trans-stilbene, and a Monte Carlo model was developed that can successfully model the laser and Raman pulse profiles. Photon migration broadened the incident (approximately 1 ps) probe pulse by two orders of magnitude. As expected from previous studies of Raman photon migration in backscattering mode, the transmitted Raman pulse was broader than the transmitted laser pulse and took longer to propagate through the sample.

Preliminary investigations into macroscopic attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared imaging of intact spherical domains: spatial resolution and image distortion.

This paper describes preliminary investigations into the spatial resolution of macro attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) imaging and the distortions that arise when imaging intact, convex domains, using spheres as an extreme example. The competing effects of shallow evanescent wave penetration and blurring due to finite spatial resolution meant that spheres within the range 20-140 microm all appeared to be approximately the same size ( approximately 30-35 microm) when imaged with a numerical aperture (NA) of approximately 0.2.

On-line gel permeation chromatography/nuclear magnetic resonance of complex polymer formulations.

Separation of synthetic polymer mixtures by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), followed by on-line detection using a 500 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer, has been demonstrated using three different polymer formulations as examples. The mobile phase used in all cases was deutero-chloroform, and an inexpensive commercially available flow cell was used as a link between the separation and detection stages of the experiment. Using this technique it is possible to derive chemical information relating to specific molecular sizes of polymer mixtures, and not just the size-averaged information that would be obtained from standard NMR experiments.