Higher Intraocular Levels of Inflammatory Factors are Related to Retinal Vascular and Neurodegeneration in Myopic Retinopathy.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the intraocular levels of inflammatory factors and myopia-related retinal vascular and neuronal degeneration.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and forty-seven patients with Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) implantation were enrolled and all participants received comprehensive ophthalmic examination. About 100~150 ul of aqueous humor was collected immediately before ICL surgery.

It takes a village to raise a child- A multidisciplinary approach to promoting paediatric health literacy in cystic fibrosis.

Background: In Northern Ireland, approximately 550 people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) attend the regional paediatric and adult centres within the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust. This autosomal recessive chronic condition necessitates regular clinical monitoring and a high treatment burden, as well as time implications for the maintenance of respiratory devices. Development of health literacy skills at an early age and promoting children with CF (CwCF) to take an active role in their healthcare has many advantages relating to their long-term self-care in preparation for transition from paediatric to adult care, decision-making and partnership engagement with the CF-multidisciplinary team (CF-MDT).

Airway total bacterial density, microbiota community composition and relationship with clinical parameters in bronchiectasis.

Background And Objective: This study explored the relationship between total bacterial density, airway microbiota composition and clinical parameters in bronchiectasis. We determined changes with time during clinical stability and following antibiotic treatment of a pulmonary exacerbation.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre longitudinal cohort study of UK participants with CT confirmed bronchiectasis.

Improving health literacy and stakeholder-directed knowledge of One Health through analysis of readability: a cross sectional infodemiology study.

Background: The One Health approach involves collaboration across several sectors, including public health, veterinary and environmental sectors in an integrated manner. These sectors may be disparate and unrelated, however to succeed, all stakeholders need to understand what the other stakeholders are communicating. Likewise, it is important that there is public acceptance and support of One Health approaches, which requires effective communication between professional and institutional organisations and the public.

Histone Deacetylase 7-Derived 7-Amino Acid Peptide Increases Skin Wound Healing via Regulating Epidermal Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration.

Due to the complexity of wound healing, how to achieve successful healing is a significant clinical challenge. In this study, we found that the histone deacetylase-7-derived 7-amino acid peptide (7A, MHSPGAD), especially its phosphorylated version 7Ap (MH[pSer]PGAD), increased dermal fibroblast cell HDFα proliferation and migration via elevated delta-catenin (CTNND1) serine phosphorylation-mediated beta-catenin (CTNNB) nuclear translocation and subsequent upregulation of c-Myc and cyclin D1 expression. 7Ap physically interacted with platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and increased PDGFR interaction with cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6).

Small volume fluid resuscitation and supplementation with 20% albumin versus buffered crystalloids in adults with septic shock: A protocol for a randomised feasibility trial.

Background: Fluid therapy is universally administered in the management of patients with sepsis, however excessive cumulative fluid balance has been shown to result in worse outcomes. Hyperoncotic albumin results in both lower fluid volumes and early cumulative fluid balance, and may reduce short-term mortality in patients with septic shock.

Methods: In this single centre, open label, feasibility trial; patients with early septic shock will be randomly allocated either 20% albumin for resuscitation and daily supplementation, versus buffered crystalloids alone for all fluid therapy.

Modulation of diabetes-related retinal pathophysiology by PTX3.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes characterized by vascular pathology and neuroinflammation. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a soluble pattern recognition molecule that functions at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, and tissue remodeling. DR is known to involve inflammatory pathways, although the potential relevance of PTX3 has not been explored.

Lack of correlation between surface water area and infection with and the non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Background: People with cystic fibrosis (CF) may develop clinically significant chronic respiratory infections with (PA) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Open water has been suggested to be an important source for continuous or intermittent exposure to these pathogens. To date, there has been a paucity of studies examining the relationship between chronic PA and NTM infection in CF patients and surfaces waters, including blue spaces.

Opportunities and challenges in the therapeutic exploitation of histamine and histamine receptor pharmacology in inflammation-driven disorders.

Inflammation-driven diseases encompass a wide array of pathological conditions characterised by immune system dysregulation leading to tissue damage and dysfunction. Among the myriad of mediators involved in the regulation of inflammation, histamine has emerged as a key modulatory player. Histamine elicits its actions through four rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), named chronologically in order of discovery as histamine H, H, H and H receptors (HR).

Endothelial Cell Dysfunction: Onset, Progression, and Consequences.

Endothelial cell dysfunction is a complex process involving various causes, early and late events, and subsequent consequences. This review provides an overview of each aspect and outlines therapeutic interventions targeting these stages. Causes of endothelial dysfunction encompass a spectrum of risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and genetic predispositions.

Carriage of Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci) in the sputum of people with cystic fibrosis (CF): occupational health risks and mitigating interventions for physiotherapists.

Objectives: To estimate the carriage of Neisseira meningitidis (meningococci) in expectorated sputum from people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and to evaluate potential ramifications of such carriage for the health and (NM) wellbeing of physiotherapists performing airway clearance techniques.

Design: Descriptive observational study.

Main Outcome Measures: Meningococcal carriage rate, CFTR mutation type and time to first meningococcal culture were determined.

The complement pathway as a therapeutic target for neovascular age-related macular degeneration-mediated subretinal fibrosis.

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly in developed countries. Intravitreal injection of VEGF inhibitors is the mainstream therapy for nAMD, although nearly 50% of the patients do not respond or respond poorly to the therapy. One of the main reasons for the poor outcome of the therapy is the development of subretinal macular fibrosis, a process of excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins around the diseased blood vessels.

Consensus statement-graft treatment in cardiovascular bypass graft surgery.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is and continues to be the preferred revascularization strategy in patients with multivessel disease. Graft selection has been shown to influence the outcomes following CABG. During the last almost 60 years saphenous vein grafts (SVG) together with the internal mammary artery have become the standard of care for patients undergoing CABG surgery.

Chrono-tailored drug delivery systems: recent advances and future directions.

Circadian rhythms influence a range of biological processes within the body, with the central clock or suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the brain synchronising peripheral clocks around the body. These clocks are regulated by external cues, the most influential being the light/dark cycle, in order to synchronise with the external day. Chrono-tailored or circadian drug delivery systems (DDS) aim to optimise drug delivery by releasing drugs at specific times of day to align with circadian rhythms within the body.

Retina pathology as a target for biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: Current status, ophthalmopathological background, challenges, and future directions.

There is emerging evidence that amyloid beta protein (Aβ) and tau-related lesions in the retina are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ and hyperphosphorylated (p)-tau deposits have been described in the retina and were associated with small amyloid spots visualized by in vivo imaging techniques as well as degeneration of the retina. These changes correlate with brain amyloid deposition as determined by histological quantification, positron emission tomography (PET) or clinical diagnosis of AD.

Landiolol and Organ Failure in Patients With Septic Shock: The STRESS-L Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients with septic shock undergo adrenergic stress, which affects cardiac, immune, inflammatory, and metabolic pathways. β-Blockade may attenuate the adverse effects of catecholamine exposure and has been associated with reduced mortality.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of landiolol in patients with tachycardia and established septic shock requiring prolonged (>24 hours) vasopressor support.

Human blood vessel organoids reveal a critical role for CTGF in maintaining microvascular integrity.

The microvasculature plays a key role in tissue perfusion and exchange of gases and metabolites. In this study we use human blood vessel organoids (BVOs) as a model of the microvasculature. BVOs fully recapitulate key features of the human microvasculature, including the reliance of mature endothelial cells on glycolytic metabolism, as concluded from metabolic flux assays and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics using stable tracing of C-glucose.

Long-acting microneedle formulations.

The minimally-invasive and painless nature of microneedle (MN) application has enabled the technology to obviate many issues with injectable drug delivery. MNs not only administer therapeutics directly into the dermal and ocular space, but they can also control the release profile of the active compound over a desired period. To enable prolonged delivery of payloads, various MN types have been proposed and evaluated, including dissolving MNs, polymeric MNs loaded or coated with nanoparticles, fast-separable MNs hollow MNs, and hydrogel MNs.