Effectiveness of Video Prompting Versus Picture Prompting in Improving Daily Living Skills of Autistic Children.

Importance: Static picture (SP) schedules are an established intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the use of video modeling (VM) has not been thoroughly investigated.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of VM prompts versus SP prompts in improving autistic children's independence with daily living skills.

Design: An experimental alternating treatment design.

How All-Payer Claims Databases (APCDs) Can be Used to Examine Changes in Professional Spending: Experience from the Rhode Island APCD.

States are increasingly the focus of health care spending reform efforts given political deadlock at the federal level. Using the Rhode Island All-Payer Claims Database (APCD) from 2016 to 2019, a modified National Uniform Claim Committee (NUCC) provider taxonomy, and the 2021 Restructured BETOS Classification System (RBCS), we evaluate professional spending trends in commercial and Medicaid populations, identify specialties and clinical service categories driving trends, and examine price and volume contributions to spending changes. We found that professional spending from 2016-2019 in Medicaid is increasing faster than professional spending in commercial (5.

How Should the WHO Guide Access and Benefit Sharing During Infectious Disease Outbreaks?

In response to the 2013-2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak primarily affecting Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia, the World Health Organization (WHO) set out , which covered social distancing, research in outbreak settings, and clinical care. This article assesses the 's recommendations on research and long-term storage of biological specimens during infectious disease outbreaks and argues that the does not provide adequate direction for responders', researchers', and organizations' actions. It considers local persons' access to benefits of research in the aftermath of outbreaks and preparedness for outbreaks, drawing on lessons from both the 2013-2016 EVD outbreak and ongoing research in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Examining Guided and Directed Cues in Strategy Training and Usual Rehabilitation.

Therapist approach and feedback during rehabilitation may influence patient outcomes. It is unclear how much guided cueing, the approach used in strategy training, is present in usual rehabilitation care. We compared the frequency of guided and directed cueing in strategy training sessions with cueing in usual care occupational and physical therapy.

Parental perceptions of the benefits of neuropsychological assessment in a neurodevelopmental outpatient clinic.

The present study examines the utility and value ratings of neuropsychological evaluation by measuring patient (parent) perceptions, as well as determining whether testing led to diagnostic changes of specific recommendations. Sixty-four children ages 4-16 received a neuropsychological examination. A 5-point Likert questionnaire yielded an overall utility mean of 3.

The relationship of intelligence to executive function and non-executive function measures in a sample of average, above average, and gifted youth.

This study explores the relationship of intelligence to the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Color-Word Test, Oral Word Fluency Test, Design Fluency Test, Trail Making Test, contrasted with Rey Complex Figure Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Wide Range Achievement Test, and Underlining Test in average, above average and gifted children. Full-Scale IQ was significantly related to Wisconsin Card Sort Perseverative and Non-Perseverative Errors, Stroop Color-Word Test, Color-Word condition, Controlled Oral Word Fluency, Design Fluency, Rey Complex Figure, and Underlining conditions but not Trails or Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. MANCOVA's show gifted children outperformed other children on the executive but not the non-executive tests.

A preliminary study of residential paint lead concentrations in Johannesburg.

While efforts are underway to phase out the use of leaded petrol in South Africa, relatively little attention has been devoted to the potential for childhood exposure to lead used in paint. This is one of the first studies undertaken on the African continent to report on the presence of lead-based paint. In South Africa, there is a dearth of information available on the extent of past and current use of lead-based paint.