Effects of organisational and patient factors on doctors' burnout: a national survey in China.

Objectives: To measure the burnout of doctors affiliated with western medicine (WM) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals and to evaluate its relationships with organisational and patient factors.

Design: A national cross-sectional study in China.

Setting: By convenience sampling, this study was conducted in 64 general hospitals from six provinces and Beijing between July 2014 and April 2015.

Development of a Portable Aerosol Collector and Spectrometer (PACS).

This article presents the development of a Portable Aerosol Collector and Spectrometer (PACS), an instrument designed to measure particle number, surface area, and mass concentrations continuously and time-weighted mass concentration by composition from 10 nm to 10 μm. The PACS consists of a six-stage particle size selector, a valve system, a water condensation particle counter to detect number concentrations, and a photometer to detect mass concentrations. The stages of the selector include three impactor and two diffusion stages, which resolve particles by size and collect particles for later chemical analysis.

Effects of intracerebroventricular injections of 5-HT on systemic vascular resistances of conscious rats.

The aims of this study were to determine (i) the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.

Is age-related macular degeneration a microvascular disease?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common, degenerative disease of the central retina affecting millions of elderly in the USA alone and many more worldwide. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of AMD will be essential for developing new treatments. In this review, we discuss the potential impact of complement complex deposition at the choriocapillaris of aging eyes and the relationship between choriocapillaris loss and drusen formation.

Two-dimensional simulation of flow and platelet dynamics in the hinge region of a mechanical heart valve.

The hinge region of a mechanical bileaflet valve is implicated in blood damage and initiation of thrombus formation. Detailed fluid dynamic analysis in the complex geometry of the hinge region during the closing phase of the bileaflet valve is the focus of this study to understand the effect of fluid-induced stresses on the activation of platelets. A fixed-grid Cartesian mesh flow solver is used to simulate the blood flow through a two-dimensional geometry of the hinge region of a bileaflet mechanical valve.

Conebeam computed tomography (CBCT): the new vista in oral and maxillofacial imaging.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has the potential to reduce the size and cost of CT scanners. This emerging technology produces images with isotropic sub-millimeter spatial resolution with high diagnostic quality, short scanning times of about 10-30 seconds, and radiation dosages of up to 15 times lower than those of conventional CT scans. It is ideally suited for dedicated dentomaxillofacial CT scanning.

Determination of sildenafil citrate in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and a case for the potential interaction of grapefruit juice with sildenafil citrate.

This study was designed to establish a simple and reliable assay method that could be routinely used in the clinical laboratory setting using liquid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, a case of potential interaction of grapefruit juice with sildenafil citrate is presented. The peaks of sildenafil (measured as sildenafil salt) and internal standard were identified with an ultraviolet detector at 230 nm and detection limit at 10 ng/mL.

Aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenases in environmental biotechnology.

Aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenases belong to a large family of Rieske non-heme iron oxygenases. The dioxygenases have a broad substrate specificity and catalyze enantiospecific reactions with a wide range of substrates. These characteristics make them attractive synthons for the production of industrially and medically important chiral chemicals and also provide essential information for the development of bioremediation technology.

Unsuccessful air-enema reduction of intussusception: is a second attempt worthwhile?

Pneumatic reduction of idiopathic intussusception is successful in about 80% of cases, while 60% of the failures are reduced at surgery without resection. To determine whether delayed, repeated attempts at enema reduction of failures would reduce the need for operation in selected cases, over a 2-year period (1994-1996 inclusive), 17 infants with idiopathic intussusception underwent delayed repeat enemas 2-19 h following the first failed attempt at reduction. Clinical parameters and radiologic findings were evaluated with respect to outcome.

Fluoride in drinking water: A survey of expert opinions.

In recent years, public debate over the standard setting process related to fluoride in drinking water and the fiuoridation of water supplies has been steeped in much controversy. Discussion of such issues has been con strained by the limited consideration of options relevant to particular problems. To examine the responses to specific issues, we presented an analysis of the problem of excessive fluoride in drinking water to a group of 120 experts.