Rituxan-Induced Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Rituximab or Rituxan is a common drug used in the treatment of lymphomas. It is almost always used in conjunction with other chemotherapy regimens. Mechanism of action involves killing of the CD 20+ cells.

Colloid cyst of the third ventricle.

A colloid cyst is a malformation composed of an amorphous, gelatinous material surrounded by epithelial and connective tissue. It is typically located in the third ventricle, leading to signs of increased intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus. In this case report, we discuss a classic presentation of a patient presenting with a colloid cyst of the third ventricle.

Renal Displacement with Supine to Prone Positional Change: Effect of Sex and Body Mass Index.

To determine patterns of kidney and retroperitoneal organ movement during positional change between the supine and prone positions as seen on CT scans. Axial CT scans of 75 subjects who underwent supine and prone positions were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 1650 measurements were taken for anterior/posterior, medial/lateral, cranial/caudal, skin-to-calix distance, kidney-to-liver distance, and kidney-to-colon distance in both positions.

Unusual Movement Disorders and Atypical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Findings in Patients with West Nile Encephalitis: Case Reports of 2 Patients with Evidence of Clinical and Imaging Resolution with IVIG.

BACKGROUND West Nile virus (WNv) is the leading cause of epidemic arbovirus encephalitis in the continental United States. Movement disorders (MDs) have been reported in 20% to 40% of patients with WNv and about 37% of patients with WNv encephalitis have changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report 2 unusual cases of neuroinvasive WNv in patients with unusual MDs and unreported MRI findings.

Ethanol: striking the cardiovascular system by harming the gut microbiota.

Ethanol consumption represents a significant public health problem, and excessive ethanol intake is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the effects of ethanol on the cardiovascular system are complex and not fully comprehended. The gut microbiota and their metabolites are indispensable symbionts essential for health and homeostasis and therefore, have emerged as potential contributors to ethanol-induced cardiovascular system dysfunction.

Clostridioides difficile specific DNA adenine methyltransferase CamA squeezes and flips adenine out of DNA helix.

Clostridioides difficile infections are an urgent medical problem. The newly discovered C. difficile adenine methyltransferase A (CamA) is specified by all C.

Perioperative Management of Antirheumatic Medications in Patients with RA and SLE Undergoing Elective Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Critical Analysis Review.

»: Recent literature has shown that continued use rather than discontinuation of various antirheumatic agents throughout the perioperative period may present an opportunity to mitigate the risks of elective surgery.

»: For patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, perioperative management of medication weighs the risk of infection against the risk of disease flare when immunosuppressive medications are withheld.

»: Broadly speaking, current evidence, although limited in quality, supports perioperative continuation of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, whereas biologic drugs should be withheld perioperatively, based on the dosing interval of the specific drug.

Interactive effects of aging and aerobic capacity on energy metabolism-related metabolites of serum, skeletal muscle, and white adipose tissue.

Aerobic capacity is a strong predictor of longevity. With aging, aerobic capacity decreases concomitantly with changes in whole body metabolism leading to increased disease risk. To address the role of aerobic capacity, aging, and their interaction on metabolism, we utilized rat models selectively bred for low and high intrinsic aerobic capacity (LCRs/HCRs) and compared the metabolomics of serum, muscle, and white adipose tissue (WAT) at two time points: Young rats were sacrificed at 9 months of age, and old rats were sacrificed at 21 months of age.

Human MettL3-MettL14 RNA adenine methyltransferase complex is active on double-stranded DNA containing lesions.

MettL3-MettL14 methyltransferase complex has been studied widely for its role in RNA adenine methylation. This complex is also recruited to UV- and X-ray exposed DNA damaged sites, and its methyltransfer activity is required for subsequent DNA repair, though in theory this could result from RNA methylation of short transcripts made at the site of damage. We report here that MettL3-MettL14 is active in vitro on double-stranded DNA containing a cyclopyrimidine dimer - a major lesion of UV radiation-induced products - or an abasic site or mismatches.

Differential weight loss with intermittent fasting or daily calorie restriction in low- and high-fitness phenotypes.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? How does intrinsic aerobic capacity impact weight loss with 50% daily caloric restriction and alternate-day fasting? What is the main finding and its importance? Intermittent fasting is effective for weight loss in rats with low fitness, which highlights the importance of how intermittent fasting interacts with aerobic fitness.

Abstract: Recent interest has focused on the benefits of time-restricted feeding strategies, including intermittent fasting, for weight loss. It is not yet known whether intermittent fasting is more effective than daily caloric restriction at stimulating weight loss and how each is subject to individual differences.

A Rare Case of Cutaneous Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Eyelid: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is most commonly found to affect the salivary glands and rarely affects other organ systems. In this report, we present an especially rare case of cutaneous MEC affecting the eyelid. A 72-years-old female patient presented with a painless, cyst-like, progressively enlarging lesion of the left upper eyelid.

Impact of Nutritional Epigenetics in Essential Hypertension: Targeting microRNAs in the Gut-Liver Axis.

Purpose Of Review: To review the current knowledge on interactions between dietary factors and microRNAs (miRNAs) in essential hypertension (EH) pathogenesis.

Recent Findings: There exists an integration of maintenance signals generated by genetic, epigenetic, immune, and environmental (e.g.

A comparison of revascularization methods for peripheral arterial disease in diabetics: Changing trends in lower extremity revascularization from 2008 to 2014.

Objectives: This study examined the current demographic and outcome trends regarding endovascular and open revascularization for people with diabetes.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample database was utilized to identify diabetic patients who underwent lower extremity revascularization and amputation procedures between 2008 and 2014. International Classification of Diseases 9th edition codes were used to identify the procedures, diagnoses, and comorbidities.

Preferential CEBP binding to T:G mismatches and increased C-to-T human somatic mutations.

DNA cytosine methylation in mammals modulates gene expression and chromatin accessibility. It also impacts mutation rates, via spontaneous oxidative deamination of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to thymine. In most cases the resulting T:G mismatches are repaired, following T excision by one of the thymine DNA glycosylases, TDG or MBD4.

Expression and function of human ribonuclease 4 in the kidney and urinary tract.

Antimicrobial peptides are essential host defense mechanisms that prevent urinary tract infections. Recent studies have demonstrated that peptides in the ribonuclease A superfamily have antimicrobial activity against uropathogens and protect the urinary tract from uropathogenic (UPEC). Little is known about the antibacterial function or expression of ribonuclease 4 (RNase 4) in the human urinary tract.

Development and evolution of a robotic surgical technique for the treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome.

Objective: We describe the development and evolution of a surgical technique that uses the robotic da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Inc, Sunnyvale, Calif) for the transaxillary approach to repair the disabling thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). We report our patient outcomes associated with the use of this robotic technique.

Methods: We present a retrospective review and analysis of data collected from a 16-year experience of a single surgeon using a robotic surgical system and technique for TOS surgery.

Climate Change and Health Equity.

Physical environment, income, and access to education and food are all health determinants that situate whether, when, and to what extent patients or their communities have equitable access to wellness and health care services. Because climate change will likely exacerbate national and international health inequity, this comic considers our future.

Rat models for low and high adaptive response to exercise differ for stress-related memory and anxiety.

Physical exercise and fitness may serve as resilience factors to stress exposure. However, the extreme range in human exercise performance suggests that genetic variation for exercise capacity could be a confounding feature to understanding the connection between exercise and stress exposure. To test this idea, we use laboratory rat models selectively bred for a low and high gain in aerobic running capacity in response to training to examine whether an inherent capacity to respond to physical exercise reflects how stress changes neurobiological functioning and regulates fear-associated memory processing.

Presence of Neovascularization in Torn Plantar Plates of the Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joints.

Background: Recent surgical techniques have focused on anatomic repair of lesser toe metatarsophalangeal (MTP) plantar plate tears, yet it remains unknown whether the plantar plate has the biological capacity to heal these repairs. Therefore, a better understanding of the plantar plate vasculature in response to injury may provide further insight into the potential for healing after anatomic plantar plate repair. Recently, a study demonstrated that the microvasculature of the normal plantar plate is densest at the proximal and distal attachments.

Rapid Recovery Is Feasible for Aseptic Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty at an Academic Medical Center.

Background: We reviewed the results of a primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) rapid recovery care pathway applied to patients undergoing aseptic revision TKA. We sought to determine (1) the frequency of postoperative day (POD) 1 discharge, (2) the risk of adverse events, and (3) patient characteristics or surgical factors associated with failure to discharge on POD 1.

Methods: The source population was revision TKAs performed by a single surgeon at an academic medical center from 2016 to 2019 (n = 94).

Enzymatic characterization of three human RNA adenosine methyltransferases reveals diverse substrate affinities and reaction optima.

RNA methylations of varied RNA species (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, non-coding RNA) generate a range of modified nucleotides, including N6-methyladenosine. Here we study the enzymology of three human RNA methyltransferases that methylate the adenosine amino group in diverse contexts, when it is: the first transcribed nucleotide after the mRNA cap (PCIF1), at position 1832 of 18S rRNA (MettL5-Trm112 complex), and within a hairpin in the 3' UTR of the S-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetase (MettL16). Among these three enzymes, the catalytic efficiency ranges from PCIF1, with the fastest turnover rate of >230 h μM on mRNA cap analog, down to MettL16, which has the lowest rate of ∼3 h μM acting on an RNA hairpin.

An improbable trifecta: Occurrence of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis, prostate cancer, and prostatic abscess in a single patient.

Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis (XGP) is a rare disease that can mimic the clinical and imaging findings of prostate cancer. Differentiation of these diseases is vital in order to offer the correct treatment. Histological examination of prostate tissue is the definitive manner in which XGP is distinguished from prostate cancer.

Enhanced weight and fat loss from long-term intermittent fasting in obesity-prone, low-fitness rats.

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) strategies have emerged as viable alternatives to traditional calorie-restricted diets. A key predictor of metabolic health and response to diet is cardiometabolic fitness, including intrinsic aerobic capacity. In a contrasting rat model of aerobic capacity-high- and low-capacity runners (HCR, LCR)-we found that the lean and physically active HCR were also more responsive to a standard calorie-restricted diet.

SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 expression, and systemic organ invasion.

A novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has created a global pandemic in 2020, posing an enormous challenge to healthcare systems and affected communities. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) that manifests as bronchitis, pneumonia, or a severe respiratory illness. SARS-CoV-2 infects human cells via binding a "spike" protein on its surface to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) within the host.

Comparative Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Transcriptional Signatures Associated With Aerobic Exercise Capacity or Response to Training in Humans and Rats.

Increasing exercise capacity promotes healthy aging and is strongly associated with lower mortality rates. In this study, we analyzed skeletal muscle transcriptomics coupled to exercise performance in humans and rats to dissect the inherent and response components of aerobic exercise capacity. Using rat models selected for intrinsic and acquired aerobic capacity, we determined that the high aerobic capacity muscle transcriptome is associated with pathways for tissue oxygenation and vascularization.