Phagocytosis checkpoints as new targets for cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapies targeting adaptive immune checkpoints have substantially improved patient outcomes across multiple metastatic and treatment-refractory cancer types. However, emerging studies have demonstrated that innate immune checkpoints, which interfere with the detection and clearance of malignant cells through phagocytosis and suppress innate immune sensing, also have a key role in tumour-mediated immune escape and might, therefore, be potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. Indeed, preclinical studies and early clinical data have established the promise of targeting phagocytosis checkpoints, such as the CD47-signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) axis, either alone or in combination with other cancer therapies.

Pain catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression in hip pathology.

Aims: Psychological factors play a critical role in patient presentation, satisfaction, and outcomes. Pain catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression are important to consider, as they are associated with poorer outcomes and are potentially modifiable. The aim of this study was to assess the level of pain catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression in patients with a range of hip pathology and to evaluate their relationship with patient-reported psychosocial and functional outcome measures.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the oncological surgical population: beneficial or harmful? A systematic review of the literature.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective analgesic drugs. Recent studies have indicated a potential beneficial effect on long-term survival outcomes after cancer surgery but a negative impact on anastomotic leaks. The objective of this study was to objectively assess the implications of the perioperative NSAIDs use on anastomotic leaks and cancer recurrence.

The adequacy of hepatopancreatobiliary training: How does operative exposure and perceived readiness in fellowship translate into subsequent practice?

Over the last 3 decades, expansion in the scope and complexity of hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery has resulted in significant improvements in postoperative outcomes. As a result, the importance of dedicated fellowship training for HPB surgery is now well established, and the definition of formal program requirements has been actively pursued by a collaboration of the 3 distinct accrediting bodies within North America. While major advances have been made in defining minimum case volume requirements, qualitative assessment of the operative experience remains challenging.

Cardiovascular responses to static exercise in patients with Brown-Séquard syndrome.

1. The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of central command and the exercise pressor reflex in regulating the cardiovascular response to static exercise in patients with Brown-Sequard syndrome. In this rare condition, a hemisection of the spinal cord typically leaves one side of the body with diminished sensation and normal motor function and the other side with diminished motor function and normal sensation.

Variations in immunoglobulins and IgA subclasses of human uterine cervical secretions around the time of ovulation.

The quantity and subclass distribution of IgA produced by the human uterine cervix may have a significant impact on the defence against sexually transmitted diseases as well as the regulation of fertility. Cervical mucus was obtained from 15 normal ovulating women around the time of ovulation. The total amounts of secreted IgA (including IgA1 and IgA2), IgG, and IgM were determined by ELISA.