Phytocompounds targeting epigenetic modulations: an assessment in cancer.

For centuries, plants have been serving as sources of potential therapeutic agents. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in investigating the effects of plant-derived compounds on epigenetic processes, a novel and captivating Frontier in the field of epigenetics research. Epigenetic changes encompass modifications to DNA, histones, and microRNAs that can influence gene expression.

Imaging of acute abdomen in cancer patients.

The pattern of disease causing acute abdominal pain has changed over last few decades, some of this has been attributed to intraabdominal cancers. The most common acute abdominal complaints in cancer patients are related to the gastrointestinal system. Abdominal emergencies in cancer patients can result from the underlying malignancy itself, cancer therapy and/or result from the standard pathologies causing acute abdomen in otherwise healthy population.

Imaging in pediatric ovarian tumors.

The spectrum of ovarian tumors in the pediatric population differs significantly from that in adults. Germ cell tumors are the predominant class of ovarian tumors in children, whereas epithelial tumors are the most common in adults. Ultrasonography is the modality of choice for the initial evaluation of pediatric ovarian tumors.

Easy prognostic assessment of concomitant organ failure in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening disease. We evaluated the prognostic utility of Model for End-stage Liver Disease excluding INR (MELD-XI) score for predicting mortality in a cohort of critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation.

Methods: In total, 11,091 mechanically ventilated patients were included in our post-hoc retrospective analysis, a subgroup of the VENTILA study (NCT02731898).

International prevalence and risk factors evaluation for drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia.

Objective: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent bacterial pathogen isolated in subjects with Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) worldwide. Limited data are available regarding the current global burden and risk factors associated with drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) in CAP subjects. We assessed the multinational prevalence and risk factors for DRSP-CAP in a multinational point-prevalence study.

The hubs of the human connectome are generally implicated in the anatomy of brain disorders.

Brain networks or 'connectomes' include a minority of highly connected hub nodes that are functionally valuable, because their topological centrality supports integrative processing and adaptive behaviours. Recent studies also suggest that hubs have higher metabolic demands and longer-distance connections than other brain regions, and therefore could be considered biologically costly. Assuming that hubs thus normally combine both high topological value and high biological cost, we predicted that pathological brain lesions would be concentrated in hub regions.

Association between variants in the genes for adiponectin and its receptors with insulin resistance syndrome (IRS)-related phenotypes in Mexican Americans.

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to examine whether genetic variation in ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 may contribute to increased susceptibility to components of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS).

Materials And Methods: We genotyped single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 in Mexican American subjects (N=439) and performed an association analysis of IRS-related traits.

Results: Of the eight SNPs examined in the ADIPOQ gene, rs4632532 and rs182052 exhibited significant associations with BMI (p=0.

Disseminated Mycobacterium simiae infection in patients with AIDS.

Objectives: To report our experience with disseminated Mycobacterium simiae disease in patients with AIDS, and review other cases reported in the literature.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of M. simiae that were isolated from sterile body sites over a 9-year period at the University Health System Hospital at San Antonio, Texas, U.