Favorable Early Outcomes and High Clinical Benefit Achievement Rate With Concomitant Hip Arthroscopy and Periacetabular Osteotomy for the Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Purpose: To report minimum 2-year follow-up patient-reported outcomes (PROs), clinical benefit, and survivorship in patients who underwent concomitant hip arthroscopy and periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) for the surgical treatment of the developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods: Prospectively collected data were retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent hip arthroscopy with concomitant PAO between December 2015 and September 2022. Patients with baseline and minimum 2-year PROs were included.

CSP7 Protects Alveolar Epithelial Cells by Targeting -Fibrinolytic Pathways During Lung Injuries.

Impaired alveolar epithelial regeneration in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is attributed to telomere dysfunction in type II alveolar epithelial cells (ACs). Genetic susceptibility, aging, and toxicant exposures, including tobacco smoke (TS), contribute to telomere dysfunction in ACs. Here we investigated whether improvement of telomere function plays a role in CSP7-mediated protection of ACs against ongoing senescence and apoptosis during bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) as well as alveolar injury caused by chronic TS exposure.

Characterizing Treatment Non-responders vs. Responders in Completed Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have varying responses to AD drugs and there may be no single treatment for all AD patients. Trial after trial shows that identifying non-responsive and responsive subgroups and their corresponding moderators will provide better insights into subject selection and interpretation in future clinical trials. We aim to extensively investigate pre-treatment features that moderate treatment effect of Galantamine, Bapineuzumab, and Semagacestat from completed trial data.

Identification and classification of principal features for analyzing unwarranted clinical variation.

Rationale, Aims, And Objective: Unwarranted clinical variation (UCV) is an undesirable aspect of a healthcare system, but analyzing for UCV can be difficult and time-consuming. No analytic feature guidelines currently exist to aid researchers. We performed a systematic review of UCV literature to identify and classify the features researchers have identified as necessary for the analysis of UCV.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide study identifies effector genes and druggable pathways for coronary artery calcification.

Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, predicts future symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Identifying genetic risk factors for CAC may point to new therapeutic avenues for prevention. Currently, there are only four known risk loci for CAC identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the general population.

Intervention Fidelity to VITAL Start (Video Intervention to Inspire Treatment Adherence for Life) in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Women Living With HIV in Malawi.

Background.: Intervention effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial is attributed to intervention fidelity. Measuring fidelity has increasing significance to intervention research and validity.

Eligibility of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the United States: A geographic information system model.

Background: Recent evidence suggest that extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) may improve survival rates for nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Eligibility criteria for ECPR are often based on patient age, clinical variables, and facility capabilities. Expanding access to ECPR across the U.

A Perspective on Studies of Phage DNA Packaging Dynamics.

The Special Issue "DNA Packaging Dynamics of Bacteriophages" is focused on an event that is among the physically simplest known events with biological character. Thus, phage DNA (and RNA) packaging is used as a relatively accessible model for physical analysis of all biological events. A similar perspective motivated early phage-directed work, which was a major contributor to early molecular biology.

Additions to Alpha-Sheet Based Hypotheses for the Cause of Alzheimer's Disease.

Protein amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers with β-sheet-like backbone (β-structured) form extracellular amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship to AD is not known. Some investigations suggest that the toxic Aβ component has α-sheet-like backbone (α-structured) subsequently detoxified by intracellular α-to-β conversion before plaque formation.

Homogeneity of antibody-drug conjugates critically impacts the therapeutic efficacy in brain tumors.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and fatal disease of all brain tumor types. Most therapies rarely provide clinically meaningful outcomes in the treatment of GBM. Although antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are promising anticancer drugs, no ADCs have been clinically successful for GBM, primarily because of poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration.

Structural Studies of the Phage G Tail Demonstrate an Atypical Tail Contraction.

Phage G is recognized as having a remarkably large genome and capsid size among isolated, propagated phages. Negative stain electron microscopy of the host-phage G interaction reveals tail sheaths that are contracted towards the distal tip and decoupled from the head-neck region. This is different from the typical myophage tail contraction, where the sheath contracts upward, while being linked to the head-neck region.

Defective expansion and function of memory like natural killer cells in HIV+ individuals with latent tuberculosis infection.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious disease related mortality, and only 10% of the infected individuals develop active disease. The likelihood of progression of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) to active TB disease is high in HIV infected individuals. Identification of HIV+ individuals at risk would allow treating targeted population, facilitating completion of therapy for LTBI and prevention of TB development.

Quantitative description of the interactions among kinase cascades underlying long-term plasticity of Aplysia sensory neurons.

Kinases play critical roles in synaptic and neuronal changes involved in the formation of memory. However, significant gaps exist in the understanding of how interactions among kinase pathways contribute to the mechanistically distinct temporal domains of memory ranging from short-term memory to long-term memory (LTM). Activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) pathways are critical for long-term enhancement of neuronal excitability (LTEE) and long-term synaptic facilitation (LTF), essential processes in memory formation.

Basics for Improved Use of Phages for Therapy.

Blood-borne therapeutic phages and phage capsids increasingly reach therapeutic targets as they acquire more persistence, i.e., become more resistant to non-targeted removal from blood.

Hypoglycemia in mitochondrial disorders.

Diabetes and hyperglycemia are common features of mitochondrial disorders. This study investigates the frequency of non-iatrogenic hypoglycemia in individuals with these disorders. Of 116 patients, 22 (18.

Simulations of Phage T7 Capsid Expansion Reveal the Role of Molecular Sterics on Dynamics.

Molecular dynamics techniques provide numerous strategies for investigating biomolecular energetics, though quantitative analysis is often only accessible for relatively small (frequently monomeric) systems. To address this limit, we use simulations in combination with a simplified energetic model to study complex rearrangements in a large assembly. We use cryo-EM reconstructions to simulate the DNA packaging-associated 3 nm expansion of the protein shell of an initially assembled phage T7 capsid (called procapsid or capsid I).

Using the Past to Maximize the Success Probability of Future Anti-Viral Vaccines.

Rapid obtaining of safe, effective, anti-viral vaccines has recently risen to the top of the international agenda. To maximize the success probability of future anti-viral vaccines, the anti-viral vaccines successful in the past are summarized here by virus type and vaccine type. The primary focus is on viruses with both single-stranded RNA genomes and a membrane envelope, given the pandemic past of influenza viruses and coronaviruses.

Optimizing Anti-Viral Vaccine Responses: Input from a Non-Specialist.

Recently, the research community has had a real-world look at reasons for improving vaccine responses to emerging RNA viruses. Here, a vaccine non-specialist suggests how this might be done. I propose two alternative options and compare the primary alternative option with current practice.

In-Gel Isolation and Characterization of Large (and Other) Phages.

We review some aspects of the rapid isolation of, screening for and characterization of jumbo phages, i.e., phages that have dsDNA genomes longer than 200 Kb.

Educational Case: Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Hematological Neoplasm.

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.

Lymphocytic variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome: A report of seven cases from a single institution.

Background: Lymphocytic variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome (L-HES) is a subtype of HES driven by cytokines produced by clonal T-cells. Due to the rarity of its occurrence and challenges in diagnosis, this subtype of HES is under recognized.

Methods And Results: We report seven patients with L-HES, diagnosed from a group of 136 patients who were referred to our institution for the work-up of hypereosinophilia.