Colorimetric and electrochemical analysis of DNAzyme-LAMP amplicons for the detection of Escherichia coli in food matrices.

Foodborne bacteria like Escherichia coli threaten global food security, necessitating affordable, on-site detection methods, especially in resource-limited settings. This study optimized loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) integrated with peroxidase-mimicking G-quadruplex DNA structures (DNAzyme), termed DNAzyme-LAMP which was designed to incorporate two different catalytic DNAzymes per amplification unit, enabling colorimetric detection of E. coli in leafy vegetables and milk samples.

Magnitude and persistence of higher estrus-associated temperatures in beef heifers and suckled cows.

Higher estrus-associated temperatures (HEAT) are a hallmark feature in sexually active females. The overarching aim of this study was to characterize the variability, magnitude, and persistence of HEAT in heifers and suckled beef cows as well as identify associated factors when occurring during thermoneutral conditions at the onset of the spring breeding season. In both heifers and cows, estrus was induced using a 7-d controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-PGF2α protocol.

Multistate Sensitivity Monitoring of to the SDHI Fungicides Fluopyram and Pydiflumetofen in the United States.

Sudden death syndrome (SDS), caused by , is an important yield-limiting disease of soybean (). From 1996 to 2022, cumulative yield losses attributed to SDS in North America totaled over 25 million metric tons, which was valued at over US $7.8 billion.

Efficient Fast Fractionation of Biomass Using a Diol-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Facilitating Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Obtaining High-Quality Lignin.

Current DES pretreatment is often performed under relatively severe conditions with high temperature, long time, and high DES usage. This work studied a short-time diol DES (deep eutectic solvent) pretreatment under mild conditions to fractionate the bamboo, facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis, and obtain high-quality lignin. At an optimized condition of 130 °C for only 10 min, lignin and xylan removal reached 61.

A Preliminary Study Exploring the Relationship between Occupational Health Hazards and Gut Microbiota among Firefighters.

Firefighters are exposed to occupational hazards and have a higher prevalence of health issues. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the immune, endocrine, and neural systems, and disruptions in its composition can impact health outcomes. This pilot study aimed to investigate the potential association between occupational factors, changes in gut microbiota, and the development of adverse health outcomes in firefighters.

A novel mineral-acid free biphasic deep eutectic solvent/γ-valerolactone system for furfural production and boosting the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.

The failure of hemicellulose valorization in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment has become a bottleneck that challenges its further development. To address this issue, this study developed a DES/GVL (γ-valerolactone) biphasic system for effective hemicellulose-furfural conversion, enhanced cellulose saccharification and lignin isolation. The results indicated that the biphasic system could significantly improve the lignin removal (as high as 89.

Bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of native fruits from Brazil.

The purpose of this study was to extract, identify, and quantify the phenolic compounds in grumixama (Eugenia brasilienses Lam.) and guabiju (Myrcianthes pungens), native fruits from southern region of Brazil, and to explore their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The phenolic compounds were extracted with acidified water and acidified methanol and evaluated for their bioactive constituents, antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Antioxidant, Immunostimulatory, and Anticancer Properties of Hydrolyzed Wheat Bran Mediated through Macrophages Stimulation.

Previous studies demonstrated that enzymatic hydrolysis enhances wheat bran (WB) biological properties. This study evaluated the immunostimulatory effect of a WB hydrolysate (HYD) and a mousse enriched with HYD (MH) before and after in vitro digestion on murine and human macrophages. The antiproliferative activity of the harvested macrophage supernatant on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was also analyzed.

Probiotic activity of ropy NA isolated from Chinese northeast sauerkraut and comparative evaluation of its live and heat-killed cells on antioxidant activity and RAW 264.7 macrophage stimulation.

Lactic acid bacteria are known to have a positive impact on health and considered as functional supplements and additives. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic properties of ropy isolated from Chinese northeast sauerkraut and to determine the antioxidant and immunoregulatory activities of its heat-killed cells compared to its live strains to assess its functional activity. After the analysis of the 16r DNA and phylogenetic tree, it was identified as a and named NA.

Biocatalytic gateway to convert glycerol into 3-hydroxypropionic acid in waste-based biorefineries: Fundamentals, limitations, and potential research strategies.

Microbial conversion of bioenergy-derived waste glycerol into value-added chemicals has emerged as an important bioprocessing technology due to its eco-friendliness, feasible technoeconomics, and potential to provide sustainability in biodiesel and bioethanol production. Glycerol is an abundant liquid waste from bioenergy plants with a projected volume of 6 million tons by 2025, accounting for about 10% of biodiesel and 2.5% of bioethanol yields.

, 100 Years Later: Research Mile Markers from 1922 to 2022.

In 1922, was described by Leon Hatching Leonian as a new pathogen infecting pepper (), with disease symptoms of root rot, stem and fruit blight, seed rot, and plant wilting and death. Extensive research has been conducted on over the last 100 years. This review succinctly describes the salient mile markers of research on with current perspectives on the pathogen's distribution, economic importance, epidemiology, genetics and genomics, fungicide resistance, host susceptibility, pathogenicity mechanisms, and management.

Utilization of guaiacol-based deep eutectic solvent for achieving a sustainable biorefinery.

This study proposed a renewable deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment using lignin-derived guaiacol as the hydrogen bond donor. The DES showed excellent biomass fractionation efficiency after the incorporation of trace AlCl as the reinforcer, which removed 79.1 % lignin while preserving more than 90 % glucan.

Regulation Mechanisms of Virulence Genes in Enterohemorrhagic .

Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) is one of the most common pathotypes reported to cause several outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. EHEC is a zoonotic pathogen, and ruminants, especially cattle, are considered important reservoirs for the most common EHEC serotype, O157:H7. Humans are infected indirectly through the consumption of food (milk, meat, leafy vegetables, and fruits) and water contaminated by animal feces or direct contact with carrier animals or humans.

Revealing the mechanism of surfactant-promoted enzymatic hydrolysis of dilute acid pretreated bamboo.

To improve the enzymatic digestibility of dilute acid pretreated bamboo residue (DABR), surfactants including PEG 4000 and Tween 80 were added to prevent the non-productive adsorption between residual lignin and enzyme. At the optimal loadings (e.g.

The bamboo delignification saturation point in alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and its association with enzymatic hydrolysis.

A delignification saturation point (DSP) was observed for bamboo alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment (AHP). Lignin removal was increased from 52.23% to ∼70% when increasing HO dosage from 0% to 2% at the optimum pH, but it cannot be further reinforced as increasing the HO.

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistant and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing in Dairy Cattle Farms in East Tennessee.

Antimicrobials have been widely used in dairy farms to prevent and control dairy cattle diseases since 1960s. This led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria (ARB) that, along with their antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), can spread from dairy farms to humans. Therefore, regular antimicrobial resistance (AMR) monitoring is important to implement proper mitigation measures.

Assessing the availability of two bamboo species for fermentable sugars by alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment.

This study comprehensively investigated two bamboo species (i.e. Neosinocalamus affinis and Phyllostachys edulis) in terms of their cell wall ultrastructure, chemical compositions, enzymatic saccharification, and lignin structure before and after alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment (AHP).

Heat Stress-Mediated Activation of Immune-Inflammatory Pathways.

Physiological changes in animals exposed to elevated ambient temperature are characterized by the redistribution of blood toward the periphery to dissipate heat, with a consequent decline in blood flow and oxygen and nutrient supply to splanchnic tissues. Metabolic adaptations and gut dysfunction lead to oxidative stress, translocation of lumen contents, and release of proinflammatory mediators, activating a systemic inflammatory response. This review discusses the activation and development of the inflammatory response in heat-stressed models.

Improving UV Curing in Organosolv Lignin-Containing Photopolymers for Stereolithography by Reduction and Acylation.

Despite recent successes in incorporating lignin into photoactive resins, lignin photo-properties can be detrimental to its application in UV-curable photopolymers, especially in specialized engineered resins for use in stereolithography printing. We report on chemical modification techniques employed to reduce UV absorption by lignin and the resulting mechanical, thermal, and cure properties of these modified lignin materials. Lignin was modified using reduction and acylation reactions and incorporated into a 3D printable resin formulation.

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of miRNA Based on AC Electrokinetic Capacitive Sensing for Point-of-Care Applications.

A sensitive and efficient method for microRNAs (miRNAs) detection is strongly desired by clinicians and, in recent years, the search for such a method has drawn much attention. There has been significant interest in using miRNA as biomarkers for multiple diseases and conditions in clinical diagnostics. Presently, most miRNA detection methods suffer from drawbacks, e.

Social isolation and group size are associated with divergent gene expression in the brain of ant queens.

Social life and isolation pose a complex suite of challenges to organisms prompting significant changes in neural state. However, plasticity in how brains respond to social challenges remains largely unexplored. The fire ants Solenopsis invicta provide an ideal scenario for examining this.