Leveraging single-cell RNA-seq for uncovering naïve B cells associated with better prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a typical highly heterogeneous solid tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in China; however, the immune microenvironment of HCC has not been clarified so far. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced mouse HCC model to dissect the immune cell dynamics during tumorigenesis. Our findings reveal distinct immune profiles in both precancerous and cancerous lesions, indicating early tumor-associated immunological alterations.

A systematic review of the patient reported outcomes that affect patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion.

Objectives: To determine the functional domains and symptom scales that affect patients most following radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion (UD), and if a single instrument (or combination) adequately captures these bothersome symptoms. It is unclear whether current patient reported outcome (PRO) instruments that have been used to assess quality of life in patients following RC and UD adequately cover the most bothersome symptoms affecting patients.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cinahl and Cochrane was conducted from January 2000 to May 2023 for original articles of patients who had RC and UD since 2000 for muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Severity and Remission of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty/Steatotic Liver Disease With Chronic Kidney Disease Occurrence.

Background: The association of the severity of hepatic steatosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and the remission of MAFLD/MASLD with CKD occurrence is unclear.

Methods And Results: The study enrolled 79 540 participants from the Kailuan cohort. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed by ultrasound.

Predictive model for early detection of type 2 diabetes using patients' clinical symptoms, demographic features, and knowledge of diabetes.

Background And Aims: With the global rise in type 2 diabetes, predictive modeling has become crucial for early detection, particularly in populations with low routine medical checkup profiles. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for type 2 diabetes using health check-up data focusing on clinical details, demographic features, biochemical markers, and diabetes knowledge.

Methods: Data from 444 Nigerian patients were collected and analysed.

Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women With Pregnancy-Related Risk Factors: A Prospective Women's Heart Clinic Study.

Background Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, and having a small-for-gestational-age baby are known to substantially increase a woman's risk of cardiovascular disease. Despite this, evidence for models of care that mitigate cardiovascular disease risk in women with these pregnancy-related conditions is lacking. Methods and Results A 6-month prospective cohort study assessed the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary Women's Heart Clinic on blood pressure and lipid control in women aged 30 to 55 years with a past pregnancy diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, or a small-for-gestational age baby in Melbourne, Australia.

Increased Bone Formation and Accelerated Bone Mass Accrual in a Man Presenting with Diffuse Osteosclerosis/High Bone Mass Phenotype and Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary.

A 71-year-old man was referred for evaluation of incidental generalized osteosclerosis. He was found to have a high bone mass (HBM) with an elevated lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score of +5.3.

[Translation and transcultural adaptation of the Person-Centred Practice Inventory Staff (PCPI-S) for health professionals in Spain].

Background: Person-centred practices - following national and international developments in health-care policies - have become a key approach in healthcare. The Person-Centred Practice Inventory - Staff is an instrument based on the theoretical framework Person-Centred Practice that focuses on the staff's perspective and how they experience person-centred practices. Here, the aim of this study is to obtain the first Spanish version of the PCPI-S translated and adapted into the Spanish context.

Pediatric pulmonary valve replacements: Clinical challenges and emerging technologies.

Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) frequently impact the right ventricular outflow tract, resulting in a significant incidence of pulmonary valve replacement in the pediatric population. While contemporary pediatric pulmonary valve replacements (PPVRs) allow satisfactory patient survival, their biocompatibility and durability remain suboptimal and repeat operations are commonplace, especially for very young patients. This places enormous physical, financial, and psychological burdens on patients and their parents, highlighting an urgent clinical need for better PPVRs.

Persistence and Adherence to Cardiovascular Medicines in Australia.

Background The burden of cardiovascular disease is increasing, with many people treated for multiple cardiovascular conditions. We examined persistence and adherence to medicines for cardiovascular disease treatment or prevention in Australia. Methods and Results Using national dispensing claims for a 10% random sample of people, we identified adults (≥18 years) initiating antihypertensives, statins, oral anticoagulants, or antiplatelets in 2018.

[Translation and transcultural adaptation of the theoretical Person-Centred Practice Framework to the Spanish context].

Background: Person-centered care has become a key global approach that seeks to provide answers to all factors of the complex health care-related processes. This has led to the development of theoretical frameworks that represent the components of person-centered care. The internationally recognized Person-Centred Practice Framework (PCPF) (McCormack and McCance) allows multidisciplinary teams to understand and operationalize the dimensions for the development of person-centered care.

The Effects of Acute High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp on Osteoglycin Levels in Young and Middle-Aged Men.

Osteoglycin (OGN) is a leucine-rich proteoglycan that has been implicated in the regulation of glucose in animal models. However, its relationship with glucose control in humans is unclear. We examined the effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp on circulating levels of OGN as well as whether circulating OGN levels are associated with markers of glycemic control and cardio-metabolic health.

HLA-A*24:02 increase the risk of allopurinol-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms in HLA-B*58:01 carriers in a Korean population; a multicenter cross-sectional case-control study.

Background: HLA-B*58:01 is a well-known risk factor for allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). However, only a minority of HLA-B*58:01 carriers suffer SCARs after taking allopurinol. The aim of this study was to investigate subsidiary genetic markers that could identify those at further increased risk of developing allopurinol-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in subjects with HLA-B*58:01.

Interplay between inter- and intraparticle interactions in bi-magnetic core/shell nanoparticles.

The synthesis strategy and magnetic characterisation of two systems consisting of nanoparticles with core/shell morphology are presented: an assembly of hard/soft nanoparticles with cores consisting of magnetically hard cobalt ferrite covered by a magnetically soft nickel ferrite shell, and the inverse system of almost the same size and shape. We have successfully designed these nanoparticle systems by gradually varying the magnetic anisotropy resulting in this way in the modulation of the magnetic dipolar interactions between particles. Both nanoparticle systems exhibit high saturation magnetisation and display superparamagnetic behaviour at room temperature.

Community health literacy outcome measurement practices: A scoping review of recent interventions.

Introduction: Evidence suggests that, while a preference for functional Health Literacy (HL) outcome measurement exists, researchers are converging towards more all-encompassing instruments. While this claim is present in the HL field, minimal research has comprehensively explored the state of community HL measurement practices at the direct and proxy level. The almost exclusive focus on direct, as opposed to proxy, community HL measurement indicates a review of progress is needed.

Body Mass Index Trajectory and Outcome Post Fontan Procedure.

Background Patients with a single ventricle who experience early life growth failure suffer high morbidity and mortality in the perisurgical period. However, long-term implications of poor infant growth, as well as associations between body mass index (BMI) and outcome in adulthood, remain unclear. We aimed to model BMI trajectories of patients with a single ventricle undergoing a Fontan procedure to determine trajectory-based differences in baseline characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes.

Building a pharmacy workforce from the ground up to support the COVID-19 vaccine rollout: lessons learned and recommendations.

The COVID-19 pandemic has required an unprecedented surge in the pharmacy workforce to support mass vaccination hubs. This review discusses the challenges faced while training and credentialing a surge pharmacy workforce and how these challenges were overcome. The process used for training and credentialing new employees has been described and recommendations and insights have been provided based on the lessons learned at two COVID-19 mass vaccination hubs in New South Wales.

Repeated Measures of Modified Rankin Scale Scores to Assess Functional Recovery From Stroke: AFFINITY Study Findings.

Background Function after acute stroke using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is usually assessed at a point in time. The analytical implications of serial mRS measurements to evaluate functional recovery over time is not completely understood. We compare repeated-measures and single-measure analyses of the mRS from a randomized clinical trial.

Health utilities for non-melanoma skin cancers and pre-cancerous lesions: A systematic review.

Background: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are common and consume many healthcare resources. A health utility is a single preference-based value for assessing health-related quality of life, which can be used in economic evaluations. There are scarce data on health utilities for NMSCs.

Impact of Fontan Fenestration on Long-Term Outcomes: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background The long-term impact of fenestration at the time of Fontan operation remains unclear. We aimed to review the early and long-term impact of Fontan fenestration in the Australia and New Zealand cohort. Methods and Results We reviewed 1443 patients (621 fenestrated, 822 nonfenestrated) from the Australia and New Zealand Fontan registry.

2021 Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) practice guidance on atrial fibrillation screening.

In this paper, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) sought to provide practice guidance on AF screening based on recent evidence, with specific considerations relevant to the Asia-Pacific region. A key recommendation is opportunistic screening for people aged ≥65 years (all countries), with systematic screening to be considered for people aged ≥75 years or who have additional risk factors (all countries).

A Public Health Research Agenda for Managing Infodemics: Methods and Results of the First WHO Infodemiology Conference.

Background: An infodemic is an overflow of information of varying quality that surges across digital and physical environments during an acute public health event. It leads to confusion, risk-taking, and behaviors that can harm health and lead to erosion of trust in health authorities and public health responses. Owing to the global scale and high stakes of the health emergency, responding to the infodemic related to the pandemic is particularly urgent.

PROTOCOL: The effects of empowerment-based nutrition interventions on the nutritional status of women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries.

The systematic review will answer the follow research questions: (1) What is the effectiveness of different empowerment approaches employed within nutrition interventions on the nutritional status of women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries? (2) What implementation and contextual factors contribute to or detract from the effectiveness of these interventions?

2020 APHRS/HRS expert consensus statement on the investigation of decedents with sudden unexplained death and patients with sudden cardiac arrest, and of their families.

This international multidisciplinary document intends to provide clinicians with evidence-based practical patient-centered recommendations for evaluating patients and decedents with (aborted) sudden cardiac arrest and their families. The document includes a framework for the investigation of the family allowing steps to be taken, should an inherited condition be found, to minimize further events in affected relatives. Integral to the process is counseling of the patients and families, not only because of the emotionally charged subject, but because finding (or not finding) the cause of the arrest may influence management of family members.

The Psychological Impact of Hypertension During COVID-19 Restrictions: Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Background: It is unclear how people with hypertension are responding to the COVID-19 pandemic given their increased risk, and whether targeted public health strategies are needed.

Objective: This retrospective case-control study compared people with hypertension to matched healthy controls during the COVID-19 lockdown to determine whether they have higher risk perceptions, anxiety, and vaccination intentions.

Methods: Baseline data from a national survey were collected in April 2020 during the COVID-19 lockdown in Australia.