Harnessing landrace diversity empowers wheat breeding.

Harnessing genetic diversity in major staple crops through the development of new breeding capabilities is essential to ensure food security. Here we examined the genetic and phenotypic diversity of the A. E.

Wheat stripe rust resistance locus YR63 is a hot spot for evolution of defence genes - a pangenome discovery.

Background: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), poses a threat to global wheat production.

Relocation of to Chromosome 2D Using an Alternative Mapping Population and Development of a Closely Linked Marker Using Diverse Molecular Technologies.

The Ug99-effective stem rust resistance gene was mapped to chromosome 2A based on its repulsion linkage with in an Arina/Forno recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. Attempts to identify markers closely linked to using available genomic resources were futile. This study used an Arina/Cezanne F RIL population to identify markers closely linked with .

The Keys to Controlling Wheat Rusts: Identification and Deployment of Genetic Resistance.

Rust diseases are among the major constraints for wheat production worldwide due to the emergence and spread of highly destructive races of . The most common approach to minimize yield losses due to rust is to use cultivars that are genetically resistant. Modern wheat cultivars, landraces, and wild relatives can contain undiscovered resistance genes, which typically encode kinase or nucleotide-binding site leucine rich repeat (NLR) domain containing receptor proteins.

Haplotype variants of the stripe rust resistance gene Yr28 in Aegilops tauschii.

Stripe rust resistance gene YrAet672 from Aegilops tauschii accession CPI110672 encodes a nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat domain containing protein similar to YrAS2388 and both these members were haplotypes of Yr28. New sources of host resistance are required to counter the continued emergence of new pathotypes of the wheat stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis Westend. f.

Adult plant stem rust resistance in durum wheat Glossy Huguenot: mapping, marker development and validation.

Adult plant stem rust resistance locus, QSrGH.cs-2AL, was identified in durum wheat Glossy Huguenot and mendelised as Sr63. Markers closely linked with Sr63 were developed.

Identification of genomic regions conferring rust resistance and enhanced mineral accumulation in a HarvestPlus Association Mapping Panel of wheat.

New genomic regions for high accumulation of 10 minerals were identified. The 1B:1R and 2NS translocations enhanced concentrations of four and two minerals, respectively, in addition to disease resistance. Puccinia species, the causal agents of rust diseases of wheat, have the potential to cause total crop failures due their high evolutionary ability to acquire virulence for resistance genes deployed in commercial cultivars.

Genetic dissection of stripe rust resistance in a Tunisian wheat landrace Aus26670.

Unlabelled: The deployment of combinations of resistance genes in future wheat cultivars can save yield losses caused by the stripe rust pathogen ( f. sp. ; Pst).

An adult plant stripe rust resistance gene maps on chromosome 7A of Australian wheat cultivar Axe.

An adult plant stripe rust resistance gene Yr75 was located on the long arm of chromosome 7A. Fine mapping of the region identified markers closely linked with Yr75. Australian wheat cultivar Axe produced resistant to moderately resistant stripe rust responses under field conditions and was exhibiting seedling responses varying from 33C to 3+ under greenhouse conditions.

Lr80: A new and widely effective source of leaf rust resistance of wheat for enhancing diversity of resistance among modern cultivars.

A new leaf rust resistance gene Lr80 was identified and closely linked markers were developed for its successful pyramiding with other marker-tagged genes to achieve durable control of leaf rust. Common wheat landrace Hango-2, collected in 2006 from the Himalayan area of Hango, District Kinnaur, in Himachal Pradesh, exhibited a very low infection type (IT;) at the seedling stage to all Indian Puccinia triticina (Pt) pathotypes, except the pathotype 5R9-7 which produced IT 3. Genetic analysis based on Agra Local/Hango-2-derived F families indicated monogenic control of leaf rust resistance, and the underlying locus was temporarily named LrH2.

Pathogenic Specialization in in Australia and Rust Resistance in Faba Bean.

The pathogen causes rust (a fungal disease) on faba bean (). This disease limits faba bean production in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Australia. The development of resistant cultivars to is the optimal solution for sustainable disease management.

A durum wheat adult plant stripe rust resistance QTL and its relationship with the bread wheat Yr80 locus.

A stripe rust resistance QTL in durum wheat maps near the bread wheat Yr80 locus with the latter reduced to 15 candidate genes. Some wheat adult plant resistance (APR) genes provide partial resistance in the later stages of plant development to rust diseases and are an important component in protecting wheat crops from these fungal pathogens. These genes provide protection in both bread wheat and durum wheat.

Fine Mapping of Using 90K SNP Chip Array and Flow-Sorted Chromosome Sequencing in Wheat.

Leaf rust, caused by , threatens global wheat production due to the constant evolution of virulent pathotypes that defeat commercially deployed all stage-resistance (ASR) genes in modern cultivars. Hence, the deployment of combinations of adult plant resistance (APR) and ASR genes in new wheat cultivars is desirable. Adult plant resistance gene was previously mapped on the long arm of chromosome 4B of cultivar VL404 and flanked by microsatellite markers (8.

Identification of a new source of stripe rust resistance Yr82 in wheat.

Stripe rust resistance gene, Yr82, was mapped in chromosome 3BL using SNP markers. Yr82 interacted with Yr29 to produce lower stripe rust responses at the adult plant stage. Landrace Aus27969 produced low infection types against Australian Puccinia striiformis f.

Molecular Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance Gene in a Common Wheat Landrace Aus27430.

The deployment of diverse sources of resistance in new cultivars underpins durable control of rust diseases. Aus27430 exhibited a moderate level of stripe rust resistance against f. sp.

Resistance gene cloning from a wild crop relative by sequence capture and association genetics.

Disease resistance (R) genes from wild relatives could be used to engineer broad-spectrum resistance in domesticated crops. We combined association genetics with R gene enrichment sequencing (AgRenSeq) to exploit pan-genome variation in wild diploid wheat and rapidly clone four stem rust resistance genes. AgRenSeq enables R gene cloning in any crop that has a diverse germplasm panel.

Genetic Relationship of Stripe Rust Resistance Genes Yr34 and Yr48 in Wheat and Identification of Linked KASP Markers.

The Australian continent was free from wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici until exotic incursions occurred in 1979 and 2002.

Cloning of the wheat Yr15 resistance gene sheds light on the plant tandem kinase-pseudokinase family.

Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a devastating fungal disease threatening much of global wheat production.

Characterisation and mapping of adult plant stripe rust resistance in wheat accession Aus27284.

A new adult plant stripe rust resistance gene, Yr80, was identified in a common wheat landrace Aus27284. Linked markers were developed and validated for their utility in marker-assisted selection. Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f.

A new leaf rust resistance gene Lr79 mapped in chromosome 3BL from the durum wheat landrace Aus26582.

A new leaf rust resistance gene Lr79 has been mapped in the long arm of chromosome 3B and a linked marker was identified for marker-assisted selection. Aus26582, a durum wheat landrace from the A. E.

Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Ancestral Origin of Australian Wheat.

Since the introduction of wheat into Australia by the First Fleet settlers, germplasm from different geographical origins has been used to adapt wheat to the Australian climate through selection and breeding. In this paper, we used 482 cultivars, representing the breeding history of bread wheat in Australia since 1840, to characterize their diversity and population structure and to define the geographical ancestral background of Australian wheat germplasm. This was achieved by comparing them to a global wheat collection using chromosome painting based on SNP genotyping.

Advances in Identification and Mapping of Rust Resistance Genes in Wheat.

Genetic characterisation of new rust resistance loci in wheat using cytogenetic/low-throughput genotyping systems required at least 5 years. Development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) based molecular marker genotyping platforms in the last decade has provided scientists with the genomic resources to expedite precise mapping of target loci. Here, we describe methodologies for genetic analysis and application of NGS-based resources to determine the precise genomic locations of rust resistance loci in wheat and development of closely linked markers for marker assisted selection.

Genetic and Molecular Characterization of Leaf Rust Resistance in Two Durum Wheat Landraces.

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is a constraint to durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) production, and landraces are reported to be an important source of resistance. Two Portuguese landraces (Aus26582 and Aus26579) showed resistance against durum-specific P.