Both partners' negative emotion drives aggression during couples' conflict.

Researchers examining conflict between intimate partners believe that the experience and expression of emotion drives aggressive behaviour. Intra-personally, increases in negative affect make aggression more likely. Inter-personally, theoretical models suggest that each individuals' perception of their partners' emotion also influences aggression, potentially creating a Violence Escalation Cycle.

Anemia to Median Nerve Palsy.

Mesenteric angina has a high mortality rate. Occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery is the most common cause. Increasingly, it is managed endovascularly instead of by open revascularization.

Polyester microfiber impacts on coastal sediment organic matter consumption.

As plastic pollution continues to accumulate at the seafloor, concerns around benthic ecosystem functionality heightens. This research demonstrates the systematic effects of polyester microfibers on seafloor organic matter consumption rates, an important benthic ecosystem function connected to multiple reactions and processes. We used a field-based assay to measure the loss of organic matter, both with and without polyester microfiber contamination.

Assessing adequacy of citizen science datasets for biodiversity monitoring.

Tracking the state of biodiversity over time is critical to successful conservation, but conventional monitoring schemes tend to be insufficient to adequately quantify how species' abundances and distributions are changing. One solution to this issue is to leverage data generated by citizen scientists, who collect vast quantities of data at temporal and spatial scales that cannot be matched by most traditional monitoring methods. However, the quality of citizen science data can vary greatly.

Detecting emerald green in 19thC book bindings using vis-NIR spectroscopy.

Detection and identification of heavy metal-based pigments in 19th-century bookbindings is crucial to avoid human user exposure to toxic substances. Vibrant green bookbindings with arsenical emerald green are particularly problematic due to their friability. A pilot study at St Andrews University tested 800 green bookbindings for arsenic presence using visible near-infrared spectrometry, a technique not previously applied to the detection of heavy metals in bindings.

The genome sequence of (Chiroptera, Molossidae; Miller, 1902).

We present a genome assembly from an individual male (Chordata; Mammalia; Chiroptera; Molossidae). The genome sequence is 2.41 gigabases in span.

Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues.

Aging, often considered a result of random cellular damage, can be accurately estimated using DNA methylation profiles, the foundation of pan-tissue epigenetic clocks. Here, we demonstrate the development of universal pan-mammalian clocks, using 11,754 methylation arrays from our Mammalian Methylation Consortium, which encompass 59 tissue types across 185 mammalian species. These predictive models estimate mammalian tissue age with high accuracy (r > 0.

DNA methylation networks underlying mammalian traits.

Using DNA methylation profiles ( = 15,456) from 348 mammalian species, we constructed phyloepigenetic trees that bear marked similarities to traditional phylogenetic ones. Using unsupervised clustering across all samples, we identified 55 distinct cytosine modules, of which 30 are related to traits such as maximum life span, adult weight, age, sex, and human mortality risk. Maximum life span is associated with methylation levels in subclass homeobox genes and developmental processes and is potentially regulated by pluripotency transcription factors.

Impact of focus of attention on aiming performance in the first-person shooter videogame Aim Lab.

Research examining the impact of Focus of Attention (FoA) has consistently demonstrated a benefit of adopting an external FoA over an internal FoA across a variety of sports and other domains. However, FoA research has yet to be applied within the rapidly growing world of competitive gaming. This study investigated whether an external FoA provided benefits over an internal FoA for aiming performance in First-Person Shooter (FPS) videogames, using the aim-training game Aim Lab.

Genotype-phenotype correlation in contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP-2) developmental disorder.

Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) gene encodes for CASPR2, a presynaptic type 1 transmembrane protein, involved in cell-cell adhesion and synaptic interactions. Biallelic CNTNAP2 loss has been associated with "Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome-1" (MIM#610042), while the pathogenic role of heterozygous variants remains controversial. We report 22 novel patients harboring mono- (n = 2) and bi-allelic (n = 20) CNTNAP2 variants and carried out a literature review to characterize the genotype-phenotype correlation.

Chiropterans Are a Hotspot for Horizontal Transfer of DNA Transposons in Mammalia.

Horizontal transfer of transposable elements (TEs) is an important mechanism contributing to genetic diversity and innovation. Bats (order Chiroptera) have repeatedly been shown to experience horizontal transfer of TEs at what appears to be a high rate compared with other mammals. We investigated the occurrence of horizontally transferred (HT) DNA transposons involving bats.

How can corporate taxes contribute to sub-Saharan Africa's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? A case study of Vodafone.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the climate emergency threaten progress in reaching many of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets by 2030. The under-5 mortality and maternal mortality rates are well below the targets, and if we progress at the current pace, there is a high risk of not meeting the 2030 goals. Furthermore, the initial progress in the decline in child and maternal mortality since 1990 is likely to be eroded.

How genomics can help biodiversity conservation.

The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches and applications in biodiversity and conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, and current shortcomings of applications. Most approaches perform best in combination with reference genomes from the target species or closely related species.

Tomato SlGSTU38 interacts with the PepMV coat protein and promotes viral infection.

Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) is pandemic in tomato crops, causing important economic losses world-wide. No PepMV-resistant varieties have been developed yet. Identification of host factors interacting with PepMV proteins is a promising source of genetic targets to develop PepMV-resistant varieties.

Real-world impacts of microplastic pollution on seafloor ecosystem function.

Emerging research shows that microplastic pollution could be impacting seafloor ecosystem function, but this has been primarily demonstrated without environmental and ecological context. This causes uncertainty in the real-world effects of microplastic pollution and leaves out essential information guiding policy and mitigation. In this study, we take a well-supported sampling design and statistical approach commonly employed in benthic ecology to evaluate real-world effects of microplastic pollution on coastal, benthic ecosystem function.

Reliability of the evidence to guide decision-making in foot ulcer prevention in diabetes: an overview of systematic reviews.

Background: Reliable evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent diabetes-related foot ulceration is essential to inform clinical practice. Well-conducted systematic reviews that synthesise evidence from all relevant trials offer the most robust evidence for decision-making. We conducted an overview to assess the comprehensiveness and utility of the available secondary evidence as a reliable source of robust estimates of effect with the aim of informing a cost-effective care pathway using an economic model.

Clinical outcomes of ankle fractures in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.

Purpose: Ankle fractures may cause disability and socioeconomic challenges, even when managed in a high-resource setting. The outcomes of ankle fractures in sub-Saharan Africa are not widely reported. We present a systematic review of the patient-reported outcomes and complications of patients treated for ankle fractures in sub-Saharan Africa.

Pressure and guest-mediated pore shape modification in a small pore MOF to 1200 bar.

Guest-mediated pore-shape modification of the metal-organic framework, ScBDC upon adsorption of -pentane and isopentane is examined from 50-1200 bar. Rotation of the BDC linker responsible for the change in pore shape occurs at much lower pressures than previously reported, with distinct adsorption behaviour observed between pentane isomers.

Combined Pulsed Electron Double Resonance EPR and Molecular Dynamics Investigations of Calmodulin Suggest Effects of Crowding Agents on Protein Structures.

Calmodulin (CaM) is a highly dynamic Ca-binding protein that exhibits large conformational changes upon binding Ca and target proteins. Although it is accepted that CaM exists in an equilibrium of conformational states in the absence of target protein, the physiological relevance of an elongated helical linker region in the Ca-replete form has been highly debated. In this study, we use PELDOR (pulsed electron-electron double resonance) EPR measurements of a doubly spin-labeled CaM variant to assess the conformational states of CaM in the apo-, Ca-bound, and Ca plus target peptide-bound states.

, a Gene Implicated in Developmental Language Disorder, Activates RHOA and Is Involved in Cell De-Adhesion and Neural Progenitor Cell Proliferation.

was previously implicated in developmental language disorder (DLD) a functional polymorphism that can disrupt post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs. ARHGEF39 is part of the family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) that activate small Rho GTPases to regulate a wide variety of cellular processes. However, little is known about the function of , or how its function might contribute to neurodevelopment or related disorders.