What Do Our Patients Truly Want? Conjoint Analysis of an Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Practice Using Internet Crowdsourcing.

Background: What do patients want when looking for an aesthetic surgeon? When faced with attributes like reputation, years in practice, testimonials, photos, and pricing, which is more valuable? Moreover, are attributes procedure-specific? Currently, inadequate evidence exists on which attributes are most important to patients, and to our knowledge, none on procedure-specific preferences.

Objectives: First, to determine the most important attributes to breast augmentation, combined breast/abdominal surgery, and facelift patients using conjoint analysis. Second, to test the conjoint using an internet crowdsourcing service (Amazon Mechanical Turk [MTurk]).

Antibiotic prescription and food allergy in young children.

Background: To assess the relationship between any systemic antibiotic prescription within the first year of life and the presence of an ICD-9-CM diagnosis code for food allergy (FA).

Methods: This was a matched case-control study conducted using South Carolina Medicaid administrative data. FA cases born between 2007 and 2009 were matched to controls without FA on birth month/year, sex, race/ethnicity.

Magnetic resonance imaging-based classification for ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the elbow.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arthrography has been considered the gold standard for imaging ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries. No classification system has been described for UCL tears to help discuss and guide treatment options. We propose that an MRI-based UCL classification system would correlate with valgus laxity and help predict surgical management.

Salpingo-oophorectomy at the Time of Benign Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To compare the long-term risks associated with salpingo-oophorectomy with ovarian conservation at the time of benign hysterectomy.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to January 30, 2015.

Sex differences in sleep apnea predictors and outcomes from home sleep apnea testing.

Study Objectives: To evaluate sex differences in predictors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as per outcomes from home sleep apnea testing.

Design: This was a retrospective analysis of a large repository of anonymous test results and pretest risk factors for OSA.

Setting And Patients: A total of 272,705 patients were referred for home sleep apnea testing from a variety of clinical practices for suspected sleep disordered breathing across North America from 2009 to 2013.

Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Evidence Based Update 2016.

This review updates and consolidates evidence on the safety of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Safety is here operationally defined by, and limited to, the absence of evidence for a Serious Adverse Effect, the criteria for which are rigorously defined. This review adopts an evidence-based approach, based on an aggregation of experience from human trials, taking care not to confuse speculation on potential hazards or lack of data to refute such speculation with evidence for risk.

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: The Learning Curve.

Living with diabetes mellitus and its complications can be challenging, but treatment by a specialized wound care staff adept in treating diabetic foot ulcers and educating patients about care can ensure favorable outcomes.

Fulleretic Well-Defined Scaffolds: Donor-Fullerene Alignment Through Metal Coordination and Its Effect on Photophysics.

Herein, we report the first example of a crystalline metal-donor-fullerene framework, in which control of the donor-fullerene mutual orientation was achieved through chemical bond formation, in particular, by metal coordination. The (13) C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy were performed for comprehensive structural analysis and energy-transfer (ET) studies of the fulleretic donor-acceptor scaffold. Furthermore, in combination with photoluminescence measurements, the theoretical calculations of the spectral overlap function, Förster radius, excitation energies, and band structure were employed to elucidate the photophysical and ET processes in the prepared fulleretic material.

Petitioning the FDA to Improve Pharmaceutical, Device and Public Health Safety by Ordinary Citizens: A Descriptive Analysis.

The United States Constitution protects the right of citizens to petition the government for "a redress of grievances." This right has important implications for citizens desiring to advance the public health by petitioning administrative agencies, such as the Food and Drug Administration, to take safety actions. We examined a total of 1,915 petitions filed between 2001 and 2013 to investigate the outcomes of citizen petitions that address public health concerns.

Note: Dynamic meso-scale full field surface deformation measurement of heterogeneous materials.

A dynamic experiment at mesoscale is developed to measure local deformation and strain in granular materials at high temporal and spatial resolutions. The experimental setup is comprised of a high-speed camera along with a high magnification extension tube. The method is demonstrated by measuring the full field strain across and in the boundary of the crystals at a high temporal resolution in polymer bonded sugar crystals and glass beads filled epoxy particulate composite specimens under dynamic loading.

Investigating elementary school children's daily physical activity and sedentary behaviours during weekdays.

The purpose of the study was to quantify the contributions of physical education, exergaming (active video games that also are a type of exercise), recess, lunch break and after-school time segments to children's daily physical activity and sedentary behaviours. Participants were 138 second and third graders (71 girls) who attended 20-min recess and 75-min lunch time daily, 25-min regular physical education or exergaming-based classes being alternated daily. The after-school period was defined as 3:20-10:00pm.

Pioglitazone after Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack.

Background: Patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) are at increased risk for future cardiovascular events despite current preventive therapies. The identification of insulin resistance as a risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction raised the possibility that pioglitazone, which improves insulin sensitivity, might benefit patients with cerebrovascular disease.

Methods: In this multicenter, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 3876 patients who had had a recent ischemic stroke or TIA to receive either pioglitazone (target dose, 45 mg daily) or placebo.

Ultraviolet Stand-off Raman Measurements Using a Gated Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometer.

A spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer (SHRS) is evaluated for stand-off Raman measurements in ambient light conditions using both ultraviolet (UV) and visible pulsed lasers with a gated ICCD detector. The wide acceptance angle of the SHRS simplifies optical coupling of the spectrometer to the telescope and does not require precise laser focusing or positioning of the laser on the sample. If the laser beam wanders or loses focus on the sample, as long as it is in the field of view of the SHRS, the Raman signal will still be collected.

Infant Development in Fragile X Syndrome: Cross-Syndrome Comparisons.

This study examined the developmental profile of male infants with fragile X syndrome (FXS) and its divergence from typical development and development of infants at high risk for autism associated with familial recurrence (ASIBs). Participants included 174 boys ranging in age from 5 to 28 months. Cross-sectional profiles on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning indicated infants with FXS could be differentiated from typically developing infants and ASIBs by 6 months of age.

Association between maternal education and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in adolescents.

Background: Investigating socioeconomic variation in physical activity (PA) and sedentary time is important as it may represent a pathway by which socioeconomic position (SEP) leads to ill health. Findings on the association between children's SEP and objectively assessed PA and/or sedentary time are mixed, and few studies have included international samples.

Objective: Examine the associations between maternal education and adolescent's objectively assessed PA and sedentary time.

Redox-Active Corannulene Buckybowls in a Crystalline Hybrid Scaffold.

A porous crystalline corannulene-containing scaffold, which combines the periodicity, dimensionality, and structural modularity of hybrid frameworks with the intrinsic properties of redox-active π-bowls, has been prepared. Single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, ab initio density functional theory computations, gas sorption analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were employed to study the properties of the novel corannulene derivatives and the buckybowl-based hybrid materials. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the preservation of the corannulene bowl inside the prepared rigid matrix, which offers the unique opportunity to extend the scaffold dimensionality through the buckybowl curvature.

Body Size Perceptions among Overweight and Obese African American Women.

Objective: Understanding body size perceptions and discrepancies among African American women may have implications for effective weight-loss interventions. The purpose of this study is to examine body size perceptions of economically disadvantaged, overweight and obese African American women.

Design: Cross-sectional using baseline data from a randomized controlled trial.

The South Carolina HIV Cascade of Care.

Objectives: In recent years, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cascade of care describing the spectrum of engagement in HIV care from diagnosis to virologic suppression has been used widely in determining the progress and success in public health efforts to control the HIV epidemic. For more than a decade South Carolina consistently ranked among the top10 states in the United States with the highest acquired immunodeficiency syndrome case rates, suggesting late diagnoses and issues with retention in care. The primary objective of this study was to develop an HIV cascade of care for the state that may help identify opportunities for appropriate future interventions.

Implementing High-Value Care.

Objectives: Our objectives were to assess physician knowledge of costs of products, tests, and services commonly used by obstetrician/gynecologists (OB/GYNs) and identify those items that could be eliminated without decreasing quality of care by performing a prospective observational pilot study.

Methods: An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to 70 OB/GYN providers at Greenville Memorial Hospital. Survey items included common laboratory tests, medications, and clinical services.