Identification of Novel Serodiagnostic Signatures of Typhoid Fever Using a Proteome Array.

Current diagnostic tests for typhoid fever, the disease caused by Typhi, are poor. We aimed to identify serodiagnostic signatures of typhoid fever by assessing microarray signals to 4,445 . Typhi antigens in sera from 41 participants challenged with oral .

Striatal Neuropeptides Enhance Selection and Rejection of Sequential Actions.

The striatum is the primary input nucleus for the basal ganglia, and receives glutamatergic afferents from the cortex. Under the hypothesis that basal ganglia perform action selection, these cortical afferents encode potential "action requests." Previous studies have suggested the striatum may utilize a mutually inhibitory network of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) to filter these requests so that only those of high salience are selected.

Redox poise and oxygenation of cytochrome bd in the diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii assessed in vivo using diode-array reflectance spectrophotometry.

A ferrous oxygenated form of cytochrome d is characteristic of all cytochrome bd-type oxidases so far examined, but its participation in enzyme turnover is unclear. It is relatively stable, occurs in aerated cell suspensions and predominates during enzyme preparation. In this study, diode-array reflectance spectrophotometry was used to assess the redox poise and oxygenation of cytochrome bd in vivo, in the aerobic diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii.