NMUR1 in the NMU-Mediated Regulation of Bone Remodeling.

Neuromedin-U (NMU) is an evolutionarily conserved peptide that regulates varying physiologic effects including blood pressure, stress and allergic responses, metabolic and feeding behavior, pain perception, and neuroendocrine functions. Recently, several lines of investigation implicate NMU in regulating bone remodeling. For instance, global loss of NMU expression in male and female mice leads to high bone mass due to elevated bone formation rate with no alteration in bone resorption rate or observable defect in skeletal patterning.

A Novel Analytical Design Technique for a Wideband Wilkinson Power Divider Using Dual-Band Topology.

In this paper, a novel analytical design technique is presented to implement a coupled-line wideband Wilkinson power divider (WPD). The configuration of the WPD is comprised of three distinct coupled-line and three isolation resistors. A comprehensive theoretical analysis is conducted to arrive at a set of completely new and rigorous design equations utilizing the dual-band behavior of commensurate transmission lines.

Integration of experimental functional analysis procedural advancements: Progressing from brief to extended experimental analyses.

Despite the utility of experimental functional analysis methodology, not all applications produce differentiated results. Factors such as interaction effects or methodological inefficiencies may compromise the likelihood of obtaining differentiated outcomes. Various studies have addressed methods to improve the efficiency of experimental functional analysis methodology (e.

Effective behavior of cooperative and nonidentical molecular motors.

Analytical formulas for effective drift, diffusivity, run times, and run lengths are derived for an intracellular transport system consisting of a cargo attached to two cooperative but not identical molecular motors (for example, kinesin-1 and kinesin-2) which can each attach and detach from a microtubule. The dynamics of the motor and cargo in each phase are governed by stochastic differential equations, and the switching rates depend on the spatial configuration of the motor and cargo. This system is analyzed in a limit where the detached motors have faster dynamics than the cargo, which in turn has faster dynamics than the attached motors.

International educators' attitudes, experiences, and recommendations after an abrupt transition to remote physiology laboratories.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered university lockdowns, forcing physiology educators to rapidly pivot laboratories into a remote delivery format. This study documents the experiences of an international group of 10 physiology educators surrounding this transition. They wrote reflective narratives, framed by guiding questions, to answer the research question: "What were the changes to physiology laboratories in response to the COVID-19 pandemic?" These narratives probed educators' attitudes toward virtual laboratories before, during, and after the transition to remote delivery.

Experimental effects of fitspiration messaging on body satisfaction, exercise motivation, and exercise behavior among college women and men.

The popular #fitspiration trend on Instagram and other social media platforms is intended to inspire healthy living (particularly exercise engagement), though several studies have documented the negative effects of fitspiration-style posts on women's body satisfaction and mood. Pairing fitspiration images with text focused on self-compassion shows promise for buffering this effect and warrants additional attention. In particular, little is known about the benefit of self-compassion (vs.

Public Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice towards COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

(1) Background: COVID-19 has become a worldwide public health problem. No previous study has investigated factors associated with COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) after completely lifting the curfew in all Saudi Arabia regions and cities. Therefore, adequate knowledge, a positive attitude, and correct control of COVID-19 are essential to eradicate the disease.

Continuous moderate intensity versus discontinuous high intensity treadmill running on anterior cruciate ligament laxity and hamstrings flexibility in eumenorrheic women.

Objective: To differentiate running intensity and menstrual phase effects on knee stability before and after exercise.

Methods: Ten eumenorrheic aerobically trained females were recruited to determine effects of a randomized crossover design of exercise intensity (85%HRR vs 42.5%HRR) on anterior cruciate ligament laxity (AP) and hamstrings flexibility (HF).

A Comparison of Methods Used to Determine Percent Body Fat, Minimum Wrestling Weight, and Lowest Allowable Weight Class.

Cutrufello, PT, Landram, MJ, Venezia, AC, and Dixon, CB. A comparison of methods used to determine percent body fat, minimum wrestling weight, and lowest allowable weight class. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 633-637, 2021-The National Collegiate Athletic Association's weight management program allows for the use of skinfold measurements (SF), air displacement plethysmography (ADP), and hydrostatic weighing in the assessment of percent body fat (%BF) and determination of a wrestler's minimum wrestling weight (MWW).

Pitch direction on the perception of major and minor modes.

One factor affecting the qualia of music perception is the major/minor mode distinction. Major modes are perceived as more arousing, happier, positive, brighter, and less awkward than minor modes. This difference in emotionality of modes is also affected by pitch direction, with ascending pitch associated with positive affect and decreasing pitch with negative affect.

Evaluation of Instructions and Video Modeling to Train Parents to Implement a Structured Meal Procedure for Food Selectivity Among Children With Autism.

We evaluated written instructions plus video modeling-and when necessary, in vivo prompting and feedback-to teach 3 parents to implement a structured meal procedure to decrease food selectivity among their children with autism. In addition to data on correct parent implementation, we also collected data on child bite acceptance. Results showed that instructions and video modeling were effective to achieve the mastery criteria for 1 parent; the other 2 parents required in vivo prompts and feedback.

Feeding specialization and longer generation time are associated with relatively larger brains in bees.

Despite their miniature brains, insects exhibit substantial variation in brain size. Although the functional significance of this variation is increasingly recognized, research on whether differences in insect brain sizes are mainly the result of constraints or selective pressures has hardly been performed. Here, we address this gap by combining prospective and retrospective phylogenetic-based analyses of brain size for a major insect group, bees (superfamily Apoidea).

Sestrin2 Phosphorylation by ULK1 Induces Autophagic Degradation of Mitochondria Damaged by Copper-Induced Oxidative Stress.

Selective autolysosomal degradation of damaged mitochondria, also called mitophagy, is an indispensable process for maintaining integrity and homeostasis of mitochondria. One well-established mechanism mediating selective removal of mitochondria under relatively mild mitochondria-depolarizing stress is PINK1-Parkin-mediated or ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy. However, additional mechanisms such as LC3-mediated or ubiquitin-independent mitophagy induction by heavy environmental stress exist and remain poorly understood.

Daily Relations between Social Perceptions and Physical Activity among College Women.

Objectives: There is a need to develop more effective physical activity (PA) promotion programs for college women. Theory and evidence suggest that perceptions of the social environment play a role in college women's PA, though little is known about how these perceptions are associated with PA at the day level. The goal of this study was to examine relations between changes in college women's daily social perceptions and objectively assessed PA over seven days.

THE EFFECT OF BLOOD GLUCOSE ON QUIET STANDING BALANCE IN YOUNG HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS.

Falling is one of the leading causes of accidental injury and death among elderly adults and construction workers, with costs exceeding US$31 billion each year. Having good balance reduces the likelihood of falling - therefore it is important to determine which possible factors might influence balance. The purpose of this study was to determine if consuming three different types of breakfast altered blood glucose levels in such a way that young healthy individual's balance control was compromised.

Health Promotion for Small Workplaces: A Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership.

Background: The majority of U.S. worksites are smaller worksites that often employ low-wage workers.

CE: PANDAS: Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infection.

If undiagnosed and untreated, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) can suddenly and drastically disrupt the lives of previously healthy children and their families. The key to prompt diagnosis of PANDAS and its appropriate treatment is provider awareness that streptococcal infection may present with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The authors discuss the signs and symptoms that characterize PANDAS, as well as its presumed pathogenesis, and illustrate, through a composite case history, a symptom presentation, diagnostic journey, treatment course, and recovery that is representative of many PANDAS cases.

Exploring Genetic Literacy in a Small Hispanic Population.

Genetic literacy recognizes one's ability to gather, understand, and apply genomic information to make informed health care choices and social decisions. A limited understanding of genomic literacy carries the potential for poor health outcomes. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the usefulness of an assessment tool to ascertain genetic literacy in a small Hispanic clinic population.

Strong Selection Against Early Generation Hybrids in Joshua Tree Hybrid Zone Not Explained by Pollinators Alone.

Coevolution frequently plays an important role in diversification, but the role of obligate pollination mutualisms in the maintenance of hybrid zones has rarely been investigated. Like most members of the genus , the two species of Joshua tree ( and are involved in a tightly coevolved mutualism with yucca moths. There is strong evidence of a history of coevolution between Joshua trees and their moth pollinators.

Arrival timing and the influence of weather experienced during the nonbreeding and breeding periods on correlates of reproductive success in female field sparrows (Spizella pusilla) breeding in northeastern Pennsylvania, USA.

Increasing evidence suggests that the environment encountered by migrating landbirds during the nonbreeding season, including temperature and precipitation, may influence individuals and population processes in subsequent seasons. However, to date, most studies have focused on linkages between factors encountered during the wintering and breeding periods in long-distance, primarily insectivorous landbirds. Here, we take advantage of a long-term (23 breeding seasons) data set on the arrival and breeding ecology of female field sparrows (Spizella pusilla), a granivorous, short-distance species that winters in the southeastern USA, to look for time periods (windows) over the preceding winter and spring migratory periods when average daily precipitation or temperature may have influenced when a female arrived at breeding grounds in northeastern Pennsylvania and correlates of seasonal reproductive performance.

Occupational Therapy Interventions Supporting Leisure and Social Participation for Older Adults With Low Vision: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Evidence supports interventions for social participation for older adults with low vision.

Objective: This systematic review examined the evidence for interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to maintain, restore, and improve performance and quality of life in leisure and social participation for older adults with low vision.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, OTseeker, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for articles published from January 2010 to March 2017 that described interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice for older adults with low vision (mean age 55+).

Neuromedin U (NMU) regulates osteoblast differentiation and activity.

Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mass that places individuals at enhanced risk for fracture, disability, and death. Osteoporosis rates are expected to rise significantly in the coming decades yet there are limited pharmacological treatment options, particularly for long-term management of this chronic condition. The drug development pipeline is relatively bereft of new strategies, causing an urgent and unmet need for developing new strategies and targets for treating osteoporosis.

Renewal and resurgence phenomena generalize to Amazon's Mechanical Turk.

Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is a crowdsourcing platform that provides researchers with the potential for obtaining behavioral data for very little cost. However, the extent to which the results of common behavioral phenomena found in basic, translational, and applied laboratories may be reproduced (as a first step towards prospective research) via MTurk remains relatively unexplored. We evaluated renewal and resurgence arrangements using MTurk as the subject recruitment platform as a first step to determining the generality of the obtained data.