Exogenous Cytokinin Induces Callus and Protocorm-Like-Bodies Formation in Root Tips of Andrews.

Vanilla is a popular flavouring essence derived from the pods of vanilla orchid plants. Due to the high demand for vanilla flavour, high yielding vanilla plantlets are necessary for establishing vanilla plantations. Clonal micropropagation is a viable technique for the mass production of high yielding vanilla plantlets.

Road to entire insulation for resonances from a forced mechanical system.

The effective solution to avoid machinery damage caused by resonance has been perplexing the field of engineering as a core research direction since the resonance phenomenon was discovered by Euler in 1750. Numerous attempts have been performed to reduce the influence of resonance since the earlier of last century, by introducing a nonlinear structure or a closed-loop control system. However, the existed methodologies cannot eliminate resonance completely even extra problems were introduced inevitably, which means the technical choke-point of resonance-free remains unsolved.

Psychometric evaluation of the comprehensive score for financial toxicity scale among Iranian cancer patients.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the financial toxicity (COST) scale in a sample of cancer patients in Iran. In less developed societies where patients generally encounter more difficulties managing the various cost of treatment, the COST measure should be verified according to the context.

Methods: A total of 398 cancer patients completed a demographic questionnaire and the 11-item Persian COST.

Vacuolar Processing Enzymes Modulating Susceptibility Response to f. sp. Tropical Race 4 Infections in Banana.

f. sp. tropical race 4 (TR4) is a destructive necrotrophic fungal pathogen afflicting global banana production.

Somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in different grades of glioma.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations play an important role in the multistep processes of cancer development. Gliomas are among the most diagnosed brain cancer. The relationship between mtDNA alterations and different grades of gliomas are still elusive.

Improvements of Statistical Learning Skills Allow Older Children to Go Beyond Single-Hypothesis Testing When Learning Words.

Children learn words in ambiguous situations, where multiple objects can potentially be referents for a new word. Yet, researchers debate whether children maintain a single word-object hypothesis - and revise it if falsified by later information - or whether children establish a network of word-object associations whose relative strengths are modulated with experience. To address this issue, we presented 4- to 12-year-old children with sets of mutual exclusivity (fast-mapping) trials: offering them with obvious initial hypotheses (that the novel object is the referent for the novel word).

Current strategies and perspectives in detection and control of basal stem rot of oil palm.

The rapid expansion of oil palm (OP) has led to its emergence as a commodity of strategic global importance. Palm oil is used extensively in food and as a precursor for biodiesel. The oil generates export earnings and bolsters the economy of many countries, particularly Indonesia and Malaysia.

Induction of Apoptosis and Regulation of MicroRNA Expression by (2,6)-2,6--(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-cyclohexanone (BHMC) Treatment on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

(2,6)-2,6--(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-cyclohexanone (BHMC) is a synthetic curcumin analogue, which has been reported to possess anti-tumor, anti-metastatic, and anti-invasion properties on estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the cytotoxic effects of BHMC on ER positive breast cancer cells were not widely reported. This study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potential of BHMC on MCF-7 cells using cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptotic assays.

Immunogenicity and protection efficacy of enhanced fitness recombinant Typhi monovalent and bivalent vaccine strains against acute toxoplasmosis.

The proficiency of Typhi to induce cell-mediated immunity has allowed its exploitation as a live vector against the obligate intracellular protozoan . vaccine research is of great medical value due to the lack of a suitable toxoplasmosis vaccine. In the present work, we integrated antigen into a growth-dependent chromosome locus of .

Subjective status and perceived legitimacy across countries.

The relationships between subjective status and perceived legitimacy are important for understanding the extent to which people with low status are complicit in their oppression. We use novel data from 66 samples and 30 countries ( = 12,788) and find that people with higher status see the social system as more legitimate than those with lower status, but there is variation across people and countries. The association between subjective status and perceived legitimacy was never negative at any levels of eight moderator variables, although the positive association was sometimes reduced.

Hummingbird-Leaves-Reared Black Soldier Fly Prepupae: Assessment of Nutritional and Heavy Metal Compositions.

Black soldier fly (BSF) larva is an attractive animal feed replacer due to its noticeable nutritional content. However, the conventional rearing method often resulted in BSF with undesirably high heavy metal residues that are harmful to animals. In this work, putrefied () leaves were employed as feed to rear BSF larvae.

Benchmarking the performance of MM/PBSA in virtual screening enrichment using the GPCR-Bench dataset.

Recent breakthroughs in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) crystallography and the subsequent increase in number of solved GPCR structures has allowed for the unprecedented opportunity to utilize their experimental structures for structure-based drug discovery applications. As virtual screening represents one of the primary computational methods used for the discovery of novel leads, the GPCR-Bench dataset was created to facilitate comparison among various virtual screening protocols. In this study, we have benchmarked the performance of Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) in improving virtual screening enrichment in comparison to docking with Glide, using the entire GPCR-Bench dataset of 24 GPCR targets and 254,646 actives and decoys.

Fear of negative appearance evaluation and attitude towards mammography: Moderating role of internal health locus of control,cancer worry and age.

Mammography screening tends to reduce mortality rate through early detection. One of the barriers to mammography screening is fear of negative appearance evaluation(FNAE). This study investigated the impact of internal health locus of control, breast cancer worries and age on the relationship between FNAE and attitude towards mammography.

Safety and health risk assessment methodology of dermal and inhalation exposure to formulated products ingredients.

Consumers are commonly exposed to numerous chemical ingredients found in various formulated products especially household and personal care products. Therefore, identification of hazardous ingredients contained in those products should be performed at the early stages of product design to reduce the high cost of redesigning the products at the final stage. Thus, a systematic safety and health risk assessment methodology is required for the product formulation design.

Syntactic Cues Help Disambiguate Objects Referred to With Count Nouns: Illustration With Malay Children.

Children employ multiple cues to identify the referent of a novel word. Novel words are often embedded in sentences and children have been shown to use syntactic cues to differentiate between types of words (adjective vs. nouns) and between types of nouns (count vs.

Effective purification of lysozyme from chicken egg white by tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane affinity nanofiber membrane.

Polyacrylonitrile nanofiber membrane functionalized with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (P-Tris) was used in affinity membrane chromatography for lysozyme adsorption. The effects of pH and protein concentration on lysozyme adsorption were investigated. Based on Langmuir model, the adsorption capacity of P-Tris nanofiber membrane was estimated to be 345.

Mapping the cumulative impacts of long-term mining disturbance and progressive rehabilitation on ecosystem services.

Open-cut coal mining can seriously disturb and reshape natural landscapes which results in a range of impacts on local ecosystems and the services they provide. To address the negative impacts of disturbance, progressive rehabilitation is commonly advocated. However, there is little research focusing on how these impacts affect ecosystem services within mine sites and changes over time.

Autobiographical Memory Increases Pupil Dilation.

Background: Pupil activity has been widely considered as a "summed index" of physiological activities during cognitive processing.

Methodology: We investigated pupil dilation during retrieval of autobiographical memory and compared pupil diameter with a control condition in which participants had to count aloud. We also measured pupil diameters retrieval of free (i.

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean.

Background: Tempeh is a widely known fermented soybean that contains elevated level of bioactive contents. Our previous study has shown that anaerobic fermented Nutrient Enriched Soybean Tempeh (NESTE) with increase amino acid and antioxidant levels possessed better hepatoprotective effect than raw soybean.

Methods: In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of the NESTE aqueous extract and raw soybean aqueous extract (SBE) were evaluated by quantifying the inhibition of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) secretion in LPS treated RAW 264.

Promising applications of cold plasma for microbial safety, chemical decontamination and quality enhancement in fruits.

Consumers' demand is increasing for safe foods without impairing the phytochemical and sensory quality. In turn, it has increased research interest in the exploration of innovative food processing technologies. Cold plasma technology is getting popularity now days owing to its high efficacy in decontamination of microbes in fruit and fruit-based products.

Vaccination challenges and strategies against long-lived Toxoplasma gondii.

Since the discovery of Toxoplasma gondii in 1908, it is estimated that one-third of the global population has been exposed to this ubiquitous intracellular protozoan. The complex life cycle of T. gondii has enabled itself to overcome stress and transmit easily within a broad host range thus achieving a high seroprevalence worldwide.

Ligand discrimination during virtual screening of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor crystal structures following cross-docking and microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.

The therapeutic potential of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor remains underexploited with only a few synthetic ligands on the market. The crystal structures of both the inactive and active-state CB1 receptor have recently been solved, allowing for unprecedented opportunities in structure-based drug discovery applications such as virtual screening. In this study, we have investigated the virtual screening performance of the active and inactive-state CB1 crystal structures and their ability to discriminate between agonist and inverse agonist/antagonist ligands.

Evaluating the performance of MM/PBSA for binding affinity prediction using class A GPCR crystal structures.

The recent expansion of GPCR crystal structures provides the opportunity to assess the performance of structure-based drug design methods for the GPCR superfamily. Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA)-based methods are commonly used for binding affinity prediction, as they provide an intermediate compromise of speed and accuracy between the empirical scoring functions used in docking and more robust free energy perturbation methods. In this study, we systematically assessed the performance of MM/PBSA in predicting experimental binding free energies using twenty Class A GPCR crystal structures and 934 known ligands.