1,138 results match your criteria: "The University of Notre Dame Australia[Affiliation]"

Background: Predicting burn-related mortality is vital for family counseling, triage, and resource allocation. Several of the burn-specific mortality prediction scores have been developed, including the Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI) in 1982. However, these scores are not tested for accuracy to support contemporary estimates of the global burden of burn injury.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Children with wheeze and asthma present with airway epithelial vulnerabilities, such as impaired responses to viral infection. It is postulated that the in utero environment may contribute to the development of airway epithelial vulnerabilities. The aims of the study were to establish whether the receptors for rhinovirus (RV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are expressed in the amniotic membrane and whether the pattern of expression is similar to newborn nasal epithelium.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cardiac return assist blanket (CRAB) safely increases central venous pressure.

J Int Med Res

January 2025

Institute for Health Research, the University of Notre Dame Australia, Department of Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.

Objective: The cardiac return assist blanket (CRAB) has been designed to increase central venous pressure (CVP) to manage severe hypotension associated with anaphylaxis. This interventional study aimed to identify the relationship between CRAB pressure and CVP. CRAB pressure was also compared with the change in CVP associated with a straight leg raise (SLR), the Trendelenburg position, and 1 L of compound sodium lactate.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: There is limited data showing the predictive accuracy of traditional cardiovascular risk scores (CVRS) to predict asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) determined by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Methods: Asymptomatic individuals without known CAD undergoing a screening CCTA and sufficient data to calculate their CVRS, were extracted retrospectively. Atherosclerosis was extracted using natural language processing of the CCTA report, including the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and the extent and severity of CAD.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Identifying outcomes that matter most is key in driving specialized paediatric burn care. The aim of this study was to discover the most important outcomes for paediatric burns. Parents of children (0-3 year and 4-11 years old) and adolescents (12-17 yearss old) completed surveys to identify outcomes that matter most in the short-term (<6 months postburn) and long-term (6-24 months postburn).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Assessment and management of older people with cognitive impairment, especially those associated with psychiatric symptoms; are recognised as core capabilities of old age psychiatrists. Bi-national collections of HoNOS65+/HoNOS reveal that over 40% of older people entering public mental health services across Australia and New Zealand have a clinically significant rating on the HoNOS65+/HoNOS cognitive problem scale, with rates increasing with age, and significant regional variability. The high rates of cognitive impairment in these data reinforce the need for mental health clinicians working with older people to have the capability to assess people with cognitive impairment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Although the prognostic implications of severe mitral regurgitation (MR) are well recognised, they are less clear in moderate MR. We therefore explored the prognostic impact of both moderate and severe MR within the large National Echocardiography Database Australia cohort.

Methods: Echocardiography reports from 608 570 individuals were examined using natural language processing to identify MR severity and leaflet pathology.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Adjuvant Radiation Therapy in Macroscopic Regional Nodal Melanoma.

Cancers (Basel)

November 2024

Icon Cancer Centre, 1-3 Macarthur Ave, Revesby, NSW 2022, Australia.

Adjuvant radiation therapy (ART) for macroscopic regional nodal cutaneous melanoma has evolved. A significant step was the discovery of targeted therapies, particularly towards V600E-mutated melanoma, and immunotherapy under its different kinds. Prior to this, the defining trial was the Australia and New Zealand Melanoma Trials Group (ANZMTG) 01.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: To examine trends in access to mental healthcare by old and very old people since the commencement of Australia's Better Access Initiative in 2006.

Methods: Descriptive analysis of changes in access by people aged 75-84 and over 85 using data analysed and published by the AIHW.

Results: Since the introduction of Better Access, rates of access to specialist inpatient and community mental healthcare have reduced for those aged 75 years and older.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: Following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), maladaptive changes occur in the motor cortex representation of the quadriceps, evidenced by increases in intracortical inhibition and facilitation. The primary objective of this proof-of-concept study was to determine if anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can alter quadriceps intracortical inhibition and facilitation in an early-ACLR population after 6 weeks of application during exercise.

Methods: We performed a randomised, triple-blind controlled trial for proof of concept comparing anodal-tDCS to sham-tDCS following ACLR.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Delivering improved survivorship care for people affected by advanced or metastatic cancer.

Acta Oncol

December 2024

Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Cancer Survivorship Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Comprehensive humoral and cellular immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in adults with cancer.

Vaccine

December 2024

Monash University, Department of Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; University of Bern, Department of Clinical Research (Medicine), Bern, Switzerland; University Cancer Centre, Bern, Switzerland.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted people with cancer. Initial vaccine studies excluded patients with malignancy. Immunocompromised individuals remain vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2, necessitating detailed understanding of vaccine response.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The Western Australian Football League (WAFL) introduced a new umpire driven 'blue-card rule' for concussion, but its benefit to the sports medicine team is unknown.

Purpose: To determine the experiences and perceptions of medical staff within the 2022-2023 Men's and Women's WAFL competitions following the introduction of the 'blue-card rule'.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: The impact of COVID-19 on medical students has predominantly been assessed by one-off survey studies at the pandemic onset. This national study investigated the sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students' rural clinical placement learning and well-being.

Design: Repeated cross-sectional survey design.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The Existence of an Intra-Amniotic Microbiome: Assessing a Controversy.

Biology (Basel)

October 2024

School of Medicine, Sydney Program, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 160 Oxford St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.

The existence of intra-amniotic and placental microbiomes during pregnancy has been the source of considerable debate, with research yielding conflicting evidence. This study evaluated investigations into the putative presence of these microbiomes in healthy pregnancies by identifying design and data interpretation issues, particularly concerning contamination in samples with low-density bacterial DNA. Positive findings from diverse populations suggest a consistent presence of microbiota in the intra-amniotic space.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The J Domain Proteins of , a Zoonotic Malaria Parasite of Humans.

Int J Mol Sci

November 2024

Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.

is a zoonotic form of human malaria, the pathology of which is poorly understood. While the J domain protein (JDP) family has been extensively studied in , and shown to contribute to malaria pathology, there is currently very limited information on the JDPs (PkJDPs). This review provides a critical analysis of the literature and publicly available data on PkJDPs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: People with intellectual disability are at risk of poor physical and mental health. Risks to health are compounded by poor health literacy, that is, reduced capacity to access health services, respond quickly to changes in health status and navigate care pathways. Building health literacy skills is a strength-based way to increase health and optimise the use of healthcare services.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The effect of pain education (PE) on pain intensity and function diminishes after a few months in people with chronic low back pain (CLBP). One possible explanation is the return of underlying fears and worries related to the condition.

Objective: To explore topics related to participants' beliefs and feelings that might explain why fears and worries persist after a PE-grounded intervention for CLBP.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Current estimates of dementia and Alzheimer's disease incidence and prevalence are required to understand the health needs of the elderly.

Objective: We used two Australia cohort studies, administrative datasets, and data linkage techniques to estimate dementia rates in Australia.

Methods: The study used Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health and the Health in Men Cohort Study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Objectives: This study describes the prevalence of risky alcohol consumption in Australian women aged 40-45 years. It explores the relationship between demographic factors and access to and usage of primary healthcare services.

Method: Data were obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, Survey 8 (1973-78 cohort).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: To explore the experiences of individuals with heart failure, with a specific focus on elucidating the full spectrum of symptoms experienced and their subjective descriptions of breathlessness and self-management strategies regarding socio-cultural-behavioural context.

Design: Qualitative descriptive study underpinned by critical realism and situation-specific theory of heart failure self-care.

Setting: Participants from various settings (hospitals and community) in Southeastern Türkiye.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The rapid pace of development and application of digital technology and data science, including artificial intelligence (AI), is transforming our world. In this chapter, we address the question: "Is bioethics relevant to how we should develop, govern, and use AI in healthcare, specifically in neurosurgery?" We recognize that medical decision-making involves uncertainty and is complex, and predicting potential outcomes is difficult. We conclude that the use of AI in neurosurgery is not inherently unethical.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Computational neurosurgery combines artificial intelligence and computational modeling to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of neurosurgical conditions, aiming to advance clinical neurosciences.
  • The field seeks to integrate ethical considerations to ensure that the use of AI is conducted responsibly and prioritizes patient care, ultimately aiming to prevent errors in treatment.
  • This initiative serves as a guide for practitioners, ethicists, and scientists in the application of ethical standards within computational neurosurgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Reducing the prevalence of hospital-acquired complications (HACs) is paramount for both patient safety and hospital financial performance because of its impact on patient's recovery and health service delivery by diverting resources away from other core patient care activities. While numerous reports are available in the literature for projects that successfully reduce specific HAC, questions remain about the sustainability of this isolated approach and there may be benefits for more wholistic programmes that aim to align prevention strategies across a hospital. This study describes such a programme that uses evidence and theories in the literature to achieve and sustain a reduction in HACs in an Australian local health service between 2019 and 2022.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Promising biomarker panel to monitor therapeutic efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients.

Eur J Clin Invest

November 2024

Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) can provide improved survival outcomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients who respond to treatment, but currently available biomarkers cannot reliably predict NAC response. This study aimed to determine the potential of a previously identified diagnostic and prognostic biomarker panel (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF