Trends and considerations in the pursuit of postgraduate training: Motivations, barriers, and well-being.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Filsuvez (Birch Triterpenes) Topical Gel.

Filsuvez (birch triterpenes) topical gel received approval in 2023 for the treatment of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) in pediatric patients (aged ≥6 months) and adults. It promotes wound healing by modulating inflammation, encouraging new tissue formation, and maintaining the skin barrier. In a randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel-group, phase III trial (EASE, NCT03068780), 223 patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the first group received treatment with birch triterpenes topical gel (study gel, n = 109), and the second group received treatment with vehicle gel (n = 114).

Zelsuvmi (Berdazimer) Topical Gel.

Zelsuvmi (berdazimer) topical gel has been approved recently for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum (MC) in patients aged ≥1 year. In three phase 3, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trials of similar design, berdazimer was investigated for the treatment of MC. Berdazimer or vehicle was applied once daily on MC lesions until complete lesion clearance was observed or for up to 12 weeks.

Assessing intrinsic capacity for person-centred HIV care: a cross-sectional study in ageing populations in Malaysia and Hong Kong.

Introduction: WHO's Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) proposes we measure the functional construct of intrinsic capacity (IC) to monitor and identify individuals with age-associated vulnerabilities. Assessments of IC may be useful to address the evolving, non-HV care needs of ageing people with HIV (PWH). However, to date, its utility within the context of HIV has not been assessed.

Oral administration of ethinyl estradiol and the brain-selective estrogen prodrug DHED in a female common marmoset model of menopause: Effects on cognition, thermoregulation, and sleep.

Menopausal symptoms of sleep disturbances, cognitive deficits, and hot flashes are understudied, in part due to the lack of animal models in which they co-occur. Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are valuable nonhuman primates for studying these symptoms, and we examined changes in cognition (reversal learning), sleep (48 h/wk of sleep recorded by telemetry), and thermoregulation (nose temperature in response to mild external warming) in middle-aged, surgically-induced menopausal marmosets studied at baseline, during 3-week phases of ethinyl estradiol (EE, 4 μg/kg/day, p.o.

Geriatric justice: Advocating for Equity in healthcare for elderly populations in correctional facilities.

The older incarcerated adult is a vulnerable and overlooked demographic within the U.S. healthcare system, facing high mortality rates due to chronic conditions and age-related issues such as cognitive decline, mobility impairments, and sensory deficits.

Conservation of structure and dynamic behavior in triazine macrocycles with opportunities for subtle control of hinge motion.

Modifying the backbone of 24-atom macrocycles allows tailoring of physical properties (octanol-water partition coefficients, log ) while conserving both conformation and the barrier to dynamic, hinge-like motion. Structure is determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The barrier can be subtly tuned by modifications that appear to preclude fully revolute motion and efficient π-stacking of the two subunits.

Beta-adrenergic blockade via atenolol negatively affects body and heart mass and renal morphology in the developing chicken (Gallus Gallus Domesticus).

Atenolol is a widely prescribed β-cardioselective blocker. We studied atenolol effects on cardiac and renal development in day 18 (D18) chicken embryos. Embryos were dosed with atenolol (3 μg atenolol/g estimated embryo mass) for three days during one of the mesonephric kidney stage (D7-D9), mesonephric-metanephric stage (D11-D13), or metanephric stage (D15-D17), and then sampled on D18.

Preventable Emergency Department Utilization Among Patients With Foster Care History Compared to Patients Without Foster Care History.

Emergency department (ED) utilization for preventable reasons by patients with foster care history is unexplored. Medical records of ED encounters from primary care patients were pulled from a southwestern children's hospital system. Necessity of ED encounter was categorized using the New York University- ED Algorithm into emergent, intermediate, or non-emergent.

Examining Community Preferences for Adaption and Dissemination of an Efficacious Brief Intervention on Alcohol Use and Sexual Behavior.

Compared to other age groups, 18- to 25-year olds (young adults) are more likely to engage in heavy alcohol use and inconsistent contraceptive use, increasing their susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancy. The Studying Alcohol and Related Risks (STARR) intervention was efficacious in reducing young adult alcohol-related risky sexual behavior, including reducing the number of casual sexual partners and alcohol use prior to sex. We conducted a qualitative study to guide the adaptation of the STARR intervention to include additional content on contraceptive use and prepare for dissemination of the intervention to a community audience.

Temporal Trends in Single- and Multiple-Sports Team Participation Among Adolescents in the United States: Analysis Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1999-2019.

Background: It is unclear how levels of sport participation have changed among adolescents in the United States (US) in recent years, particularly considering evidence of increasing sport professionalization and attrition.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences and trends in single- and multiple-team sport participation among US high school students between 1999 and 2019.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Washout Period Prior to Angiotensin Receptor/Neprilysin Inhibitor Initiation in the Inpatient Setting.

Background: The 2022 AHA-ACC HFSA Guideline for Management of Heart Failure recommend initiating an angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) who can tolerate an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi). The manufacturer recommends initiating a 36-hour washout period when switching from ACEi to ARNI due to an increased risk of adverse effects, including angioedema. This study investigated the adherence to the washout period when transitioning from ACEi to ARNI at a community hospital.

The importance of education combined with tailored exercise in the health and wellness of older adults: a community case study.

Current literature states the importance of mental and physical health in combating the effects of metabolic syndrome; however, there is limited information on whether providing education on the syndrome along with mental and individualized physical exercises improves perceived confidence in the older adult population. A solution to this problem would be to provide a course to this population with a primary goal of education and exercise prescription. A community case study was implemented in the spring of 2024 with the purpose of measuring perceived confidence in metabolic syndrome, management of stress and anxiety, and how to move safely with exercise.

An exploration of factors leading to readiness for organizational health literacy change in community-based health organizations.

Introduction: Healthcare systems have a responsibility to improve organizational health literacy (OHL) to increase health equity. This study explored two organizational cultural factors, leadership support and staff buy-in, for organizations planning OHL change.

Methods: Ten community-based health organizations participated in an OHL program.

BIMZELX (Bimekizumab-bkzx) Injection, for Subcutaneous Use.

BIMZELX (bimekizumab-bkzx) injection, for subcutaneous use, was approved in October 2023 for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in patients aged ≥18 years. In three phase 3, randomized, double-blind, vehicle, and comparator-controlled studies (Be Vivid, Be Ready, and Be Sure), bimekizumab was investigated for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. The primary efficacy end point was psoriatic area and severity index (PASI) 90 (patients with 90% improvement in PASI from baseline) and investigator's global assessment (IGA) score of 0 (clear skin)-1 (almost clear skin) as well as ≥2-point improvement from baseline at week 16.

Equitable outreach: leveraging a university-community partnership for fall prevention training with older adults in rural Texas.

Older Texans living in rural areas may face challenges in accessing resources and services not felt by their urban counterparts, especially related to fall risk reduction. In a state the size of Texas, entities wishing to serve these individuals encounter barriers due to the vast geography that must be covered to reach rural communities. This paper explores a novel partnership between a university and a community organization to work toward rural equity in fall risk reduction education in Texas.

Inequities between rural and urban realities: young Hispanic women's pregnancy intentions and birth outcomes.

The present study sought to determine if inequities exist in Hispanic women's pregnancy intentions and birth outcomes by metropolitan status. In the U.S.

Impact of Medical Trainees on Efficiency and Productivity in the Emergency Department: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.

Introduction: Effective medical education must balance clinical service demands for institutions and learning needs of trainees. The question of whether these are competing demands or can serve complementary roles has profound impacts on graduate medical education, ranging from funding decisions to the willingness of community-based hospitals and physicians to include learners at their clinical sites. Our objective in this article was to systematically review the evidence on the impact of medical trainees on productivity and efficiency in the emergency department (ED).

Integrating residents' rights and infection prevention in nursing homes: Summary of the Infection Control Advocate and Resident Education (ICARE) learning modules pilot for long-term care ombudsmen, residents, and other nursing home advocates.

The Infection Control Advocate and Resident Education educational modules integrate and promote infection prevention and control (IPC) measures and residents' rights in nursing homes, targeting long-term care ombudsmen, residents, families, and other resident advocates. Survey respondents (N = 102) reported increased knowledge in understanding IPC and preserving resident rights. Integrating these topics and identifying barriers to promoting IPC is necessary for implementing quality IPC in nursing homes.

DAXXIFY (DaxibotulinumtoxinA-Lanm) for Injection, for Intramuscular Use.

DAXXIFY (daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm) for intramuscular injection was recently approved for temporary improvement in the appearance of the moderate to severe glabellar lines (GLs) associated with corrugator and/or procerus muscle activity in adult patients. DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection (DAXI) includes a purified 150-kDA botulinum toxin Type A (BoNTA) formulated with a novel peptide excipient that is positively charged and helps to bind the neurotoxin to negatively charged neuronal membrane for a longer duration. The effectiveness of DAXI was evaluated in two phase 3 trials, SAKURA 1 and SAKURA 2, using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design.

Magnetic sphincter augmentation vs subtotal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction for the treatment of postsleeve gastrectomy gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background: Obesity affects more than one-third of Americans and can be treated with bariatric surgery, most commonly sleeve gastrectomy (SG). SG has been shown to increase the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in some patients, which can be refractory to medical management. Surgical options for post-SG GERD include magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) and subtotal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction (SGRY).

The Ingestion of 62 Magnetic Beads by a Two-Year-Old Child: A Case Report of a Novel Approach for Retrieval.

The incidence of foreign body ingestion in young children has been increasing over the past couple of years. Although less than 1% of ingested foreign bodies require surgical intervention, the clinician's awareness should be heightened when the ingested body has a magnetic component. Potential complications of multiple magnetics include intestinal necrosis, perforation, ileus, and sepsis.