"I didn't go into medicine just to be on the phone": Emotional Expression as Sacrosanct During Derious Illness Patient-Physician Advanced Cancer Care Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Guided by communication accommodation theory, we studied 27 physician reports of patient-physician advanced cancer communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. Advanced cancer communication requires recognizing patients' psychosocial states and collaboratively engaging patients empathetically to develop the shared understanding necessary to guide decision-making. However, physicians found their communication underaccommodated, stemming from personal protection equipment, social distancing, and telemedicine.

Longitudinal tracking of perfluorooctanoic acid exposure on mammary epithelial cell spheroids by dynamic optical coherence tomography.

We investigated the morphology and intracellular motility of mammary epithelial cell (MCF10DCIS.com) spheroids cultured in 3D artificial extracellular matrix under perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure. Dynamic optical coherence tomography (OCT) was employed for real-time, non-invasive imaging of these spheroids longitudinally over 12 days under PFOA exposures up to 500 µM.

Clustering Individuals Based on Similarity in Idiographic Factor Loading Patterns.

Idiographic measurement models such as p-technique and dynamic factor analysis (DFA) assess latent constructs at the individual level. These person-specific methods may provide more accurate models than models obtained from aggregated data when individuals are heterogeneous in their processes. Developing clustering methods for the grouping of individuals with similar measurement models would enable researchers to identify if measurement model subtypes exist across individuals as well as assess if the different models correspond to the same latent concept or not.

It isn't just Mom: Gendered provision of family and home responsibilities among emerging adults during COVID-19.

Media and research reports have highlighted the disproportionate burden of home and family responsibilities shouldered by women and mothers due to COVID-19-related school/childcare shutdowns. This cross-sectional study extends this line of inquiry to emerging adults. Our study of 329 diverse emerging adults suggests that young women took on more home/family responsibilities than young men amidst the pandemic, and that these duties were associated with symptoms of depression.

What Do Medicaid Members Want From Their Health Plan?: Insights From a Qualitative Study to Improve Engagement in Case Management.

Purpose Of Study: Managed care organizations (MCOs) provide case management services to address unmet health and social needs among their members. Few studies have examined factors influencing members' decision to participate in these programs. The purpose of the present study was to describe the life circumstances of Medicaid members offered case management, what they wanted from their MCO, and their perceptions of case management and barriers to participation.

Teachers' Implementation of the Identity Project Is Associated With Increases in U.S. High School Students' Ethnic-Racial Identity Exploration.

Ethnic-racial identity formation has significant consequences for positive youth development. Existing findings support the efficacy of the Identity Project, a school-based ethnic-racial identity intervention, when delivered by researchers; however, effectiveness of the program when delivered by teachers is unknown. This study examined changes in adolescents' (N = 180; 42.

Acculturating Systems of Care to Ensure Healthy Futures for Latine Migrant Youth.

Migration across the Americas is an ever-changing process with current trends including increased migration into the United States of Latine youth. Experiences before, during, and after migration can increase the risk of psychiatric illness, including discriminatory and exclusionary experiences when accessing care. Acculturation typically focuses on the process that the immigrant group experiences when coming into contact with a host culture.

The Surprising Effect of Priming on SNOT-22 Results.

Background: Priming is a psychological phenomenon where subconscious cues in the environment impact our behavioral responses in certain situations. Well studied in the worlds of business, marketing, and even politics, it is unclear how the priming phenomenon impacts patient perception of their own disease state nor how they report that perception using tools like the Sinonasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-22), used to measure that perception in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objective: To determine the impact of positive or negative priming on self-reported patient perception of their chronic rhinosinusitis disease using the SNOT-22 disease-specific quality of life instrument.

Dietary intake of low-income adults in South Africa: ultra-processed food consumption a cause for concern.

Objective: Given the rapidly changing food environment and proliferation of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in South Africa (SA), this study aimed to critically evaluate dietary quality and adequacy of low-income adults using the Nova classification system and WHO and World Cancer Research Fund dietary guidelines.

Design: Secondary household data and 1-d 24-h recalls were analysed from two cross-sectional studies conducted in 2017-2018. Foods consumed were classified according to the Nova classification system.

Physicians as shock absorbers: The system of structural factors driving burnout and dissatisfaction in medicine.

American physicians disproportionately suffer from burnout. Despite calls for systemic solutions, however, few studies have actually examined how 'the system' works-i.e.

Design, Implementation, and Outcomes of an Interprofessional Mobile Web Application for Preceptors for Challenging Issues.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and assess an easily accessible interprofessional mobile web application to assist preceptors with challenging teaching and learning situations.

Methods: Phase 1 was a modified Delphi process of 48 advanced practice nursing, dentistry, medicine, and pharmacy preceptors to determine the content of the application. Phase 2 consisted of 12 preceptors from the 4 disciplines piloting a prototype to refine the tool using design-thinking principles.

Learning the statistics of pronoun reference: By word or by category?

Evidence shows that readers tend to follow recently-encountered patterns for interpreting ambiguous pronouns. If recent exposure includes frequent pronouns with prepositional object antecedents (e.g.

Recommendations for Medical Discharge Documentation and Academic Supports for University Students Recovering From Concussion.

Objective: This study sought to (1) collate the experiences of university students with concussion history and academic stakeholders through interviews and (2) develop concussion management recommendations for institutions of higher learning using a multidisciplinary Delphi procedure.

Setting: Remote semistructured interviews and online surveys.

Participants: The first aim of this study included undergraduate university students with concussion history who did not participate in varsity athletics ( n = 21; 57.

The next step: Replacing step 1 as a metric for residency application.

Objective: As of January 2022, USMLE Step 1 scores are reported as pass/fail. Historically, Step 1 scores have been a critical component of residency applications, representing one of the few metrics standardized across all applicants independent of the school they attended. In competitive specialties, such as otolaryngology, programs routinely get 100+ applicants for each residency spot and use Step 1 as a screening tool.

Safety of sildenafil in premature infants at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Rationale and methods of a phase II randomized trial.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a disease of chronic respiratory insufficiency stemming from premature birth and iatrogenic lung injury leading to alveolar simplification, impaired alveolar-capillary development, interstitial fibrosis, and often pulmonary hypertension. BPD is the most common pulmonary sequela of prematurity and is often fatal; however, there remains no FDA-approved therapies to treat or prevent BPD. Sildenafil is increasingly used off-label in premature infants despite scant safety and efficacy data.

An Iterative Learning Controller for a Switched Cooperative Allocation Strategy during Sit-to-Stand Tasks with a Hybrid Exoskeleton.

A hybrid exoskeleton that combines functional electrical stimulation (FES) and a powered exoskeleton is an emerging technology for assisting people with mobility disorders. The cooperative use of FES and the exoskeleton allows active muscle contractions via FES while robustifying torque generation to reduce FES-induced muscle fatigue. In this paper, a switched distribution of allocation ratios between FES and electric motors in a closed-loop adaptive control design is explored for the first time.

Classical Complement Pathway Inhibition in a "Human-On-A-Chip" Model of Autoimmune Demyelinating Neuropathies.

Chronic autoimmune demyelinating neuropathies are a group of rare neuromuscular disorders with complex, poorly characterized etiology. Here we describe a phenotypic, human-on-a-chip (HoaC) electrical conduction model of two rare autoimmune demyelinating neuropathies, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), and explore the efficacy of TNT005, a monoclonal antibody inhibitor of the classical complement pathway. Patient sera was shown to contain anti-GM1 IgM and IgG antibodies capable of binding to human primary Schwann cells and induced pluripotent stem cell derived motoneurons.

Defining and Addressing Anesthesiology Needs in Simulation-based Medical Education.

Background: This study's primary aim was to determine how training programs use simulation-based medical education (SBME), because SBME is linked to superior clinical performance.

Methods: An anonymous 10-question survey was distributed to anesthesiology residency program directors across the United States. The survey aimed to assess where and how SBME takes place, which resources are available, frequency of and barriers to its use, and perceived utility of a dedicated departmental education laboratory.

Fused ultrasound and electromyography-driven neuromuscular model to improve plantarflexion moment prediction across walking speeds.

Background: Improving the prediction ability of a human-machine interface (HMI) is critical to accomplish a bio-inspired or model-based control strategy for rehabilitation interventions, which are of increased interest to assist limb function post neurological injuries. A fundamental role of the HMI is to accurately predict human intent by mapping signals from a mechanical sensor or surface electromyography (sEMG) sensor. These sensors are limited to measuring the resulting limb force or movement or the neural signal evoking the force.