Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Discharge: An Update From the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative Registry.

Objective: To evaluate opioid consumption for 21 procedures over 4 years from the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC) registry and update post-discharge prescribing guidelines.

Background: Opioids remain a common treatment for postoperative pain of moderate-to-severe intensity not adequately addressed by nonopioid analgesics, but excessive prescribing correlates with increased usage. This analysis provides updates and compares patient-reported consumption in response to new guidelines.

Factors Associated With Increased Sex Diversity in Orthopaedic Trauma Association-Accredited Fellowship Training.

Introduction: This study quantifies the state of sex diversity in orthopaedic trauma training and analyzes fellowship program characteristics associated with greater sex diversity among trainees. We hypothesized that greater sex diversity among orthopaedic trauma fellows would be associated with the presence of female faculty.

Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of orthopaedic trauma faculty (2023 to 2024) and fellows (2009 to 2024).

Data Quality in State Registry Reports of Medical Cannabis Patients in the United States.

To investigate characteristics of data reported in US medical cannabis registries across states. Data included 2021 medical cannabis registry reports from 34 states, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia (hereafter, states) with active medical cannabis programs. The data from the reports were manually coded into domains and subcategories, including information related to patients (e.

A General Method to Screen Nanobodies for Cytochrome P450 Enzymes from a Yeast Surface Display Library.

The availability of yeast surface display nanobody (Nb) libraries offers a convenient way to acquire antigen-specific nanobodies that may be useful for protein structure-function studies and/or therapeutic applications, complementary to the conventional method of acquiring nanobodies through immunization in camelids. In this study, we developed a general approach to select nanobodies for cytochrome P450 enzymes from a highly diverse yeast display library. We tested our method on three P450 enzymes including CYP102A1, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and the complex of CYP2B4:POR, using a novel streamlined approach where biotinylated P450s were bound to fluorescent-labeled streptavidin for Nb screening.

3AcFNP-59 for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Cholesterol Trafficking and Utilization.

Cholesteryl ester analogues of [F]FNP-59 have the ability to provide information on cholesterol trafficking and utilization at earlier time points than those of [F]FNP-59 or [I]NP-59. It is well-known that free cholesterol and cholesteryl esters have differing distribution profiles and that they can be interconverted enzymatically. Substitution of the ester influences the rate of cholesterol ester hydrolysis and the subsequent mixing of cholesterol esters with the lipid pool in the body.

Simulating the Motion Underlying the Mechanism of Thioredoxin Reductase.

Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is an essential antioxidant in most cells; it reduces thioredoxin (Trx) and several more substrates, utilizing NADPH. However, the enzyme's internal active site is too small to accommodate the Trx substrate. Thus, TrxR evolved a disulfide shuttle that can carry reducing equivalents from the active site to the docking site of thioredoxin on the enzyme surface.

Enhancing Early Lung Cancer Diagnosis: Predicting Lung Nodule Progression in Follow-Up Low-Dose CT Scan with Deep Generative Model.

Early diagnosis of lung cancer can significantly improve patient outcomes. We developed a Growth Predictive model based on the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network framework (GP-WGAN) to predict the nodule growth patterns in the follow-up LDCT scans. The GP-WGAN was trained with a training set (N = 776) containing 1121 pairs of nodule images with about 1-year intervals and deployed to an independent test set of 450 nodules on baseline LDCT scans to predict nodule images (GP-nodules) in their 1-year follow-up scans.

Breastfeeding Following Spinal Cord Injury: Consumer Guide for Mothers.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that infants be breastfed exclusively for the first 6 months of age. However, there are few resources available on the effects a spinal cord injury (SCI) can have for breastfeeding mothers. It is difficult to find information to address the unique challenges women with SCI experience when planning or trying to breastfeed.

"Be more positive and more kind to your own bodies": Adolescent and young adult preferences for how parents can support their children with weight-related pressures.

Body dissatisfaction is a key factor contributing to the development of disordered eating, and body dissatisfaction is often influenced by media, peer, and parental pressures during adolescence. Little research has explored ways in which parents can help their children manage pressures from social media and their peers. The present study used the MyVoice National Poll of Youth, a large text-message cohort of young people (14-24 years old) in the United States, to collect and examine qualitative data about their experiences with parental weight-related communication and how they think parents can best support their children regarding messages they see/hear surrounding weight, body shape and size by their peers and media sources.

Cosmetic considerations after breast cancer treatment.

Treatments for breast cancer can have an array of adverse effects, including hair loss, scarring, and irritated skin. These physical outcomes can, in turn, lead to body image concerns, anxiety, and depression. Fortunately, there is growing evidence that certain cosmetic therapies can improve patient self-image.

Leveraging Serial Low-Dose CT Scans in Radiomics-based Reinforcement Learning to Improve Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer at Baseline Screening.

Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of leveraging serial low-dose CT (LDCT) scans to develop a radiomics-based reinforcement learning (RRL) model for improving early diagnosis of lung cancer at baseline screening. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, 1951 participants (female patients, 822; median age, 61 years [range, 55-74 years]) (male patients, 1129; median age, 62 years [range, 55-74 years]) were randomly selected from the National Lung Screening Trial between August 2002 and April 2004. An RRL model using serial LDCT scans (S-RRL) was trained and validated using data from 1404 participants (372 with lung cancer) containing 2525 available serial LDCT scans up to 3 years.

Characterization of the role of Facebook groups for patients who use scalp cooling therapy: a survey study.

Since the emergence of scalp cooling therapy (SCT) for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA), support groups on social media platforms for interested patients have surfaced. Though there are over 20,000 active members across SCT Facebook groups, little is known about how members use this platform. A 23-question survey was posted in five scalp cooling Facebook groups, reaching 219 women.

Mammalian IRE1α dynamically and functionally coalesces with stress granules.

Upon endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, activation of the ER-resident transmembrane protein kinase/endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) initiates a key branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) through unconventional splicing generation of the transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1s). Activated IRE1 can form large clusters/foci, whose exact dynamic architectures and functional properties remain largely elusive. Here we report that, in mammalian cells, formation of IRE1α clusters is an ER membrane-bound phase separation event that is coupled to the assembly of stress granules (SGs).

The changing landscape of cardiac co-morbidities and in-hospital cardiac complications mediating Covid-19 mortality between 2020 and 2021.

Background: Cardiac co-morbidities and in-hospital cardiac complications significantly contribute to COVID-19 mortality. However, their influence on mortality between 2021 and 2020 may differ due to the availability of vaccines, different viral strains, and therapeutic advancements.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review and individual patient analysis of all COVID-19 associated in-patient deaths in 2020 ( = 346) and 2021( = 527) in a large Minneapolis health system.

Association of Contrast Sensitivity With Eye Disease and Vision-Related Quality of Life.

Purpose: To investigate contrast sensitivity (CS) as a screening tool to detect eye disease and assess its association with both eye disease and vision-related quality of life.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Setting and population: Adults receiving care from a free clinic and a Federally Qualified Health Center in Michigan.

Aspiring to Disability Consciousness in Health Professions Training.

Lack of disability-competent health care contributes to inequitable health outcomes for the largest minoritized population in the world: persons with disabilities. Health care professionals hold implicit and explicit bias against disabled people and report receiving inadequate disability training. While disability competence establishes a baseline standard of care, health professional educators must prepare a disability conscious workforce by challenging ableist assumptions and promoting holistic understanding of persons with disabilities.

Modeling Molecular Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis-Associated Lung Cancer in Mice.

Unlabelled: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive, often fatal loss of lung function due to overactive collagen production and tissue scarring. Patients with IPF have a sevenfold-increased risk of developing lung cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the number of patients with lung diseases, and infection can worsen prognoses for those with chronic lung diseases and disease-associated cancer.