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54 results match your criteria: "The University of Melbourne at The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity[Affiliation]"
Appl Environ Microbiol
October 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Commun Biol
March 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Proteomics
June 2024
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
The sexually transmitted pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae releases membrane vesicles including outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) during infections. OMVs traffic outer membrane molecules, such as the porin PorB and lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS), into host innate immune cells, eliciting programmed cell death pathways, and inflammation. Little is known, however, about the proteome and LOS content of OMVs released by clinical strains isolated from different infection sites, and whether these vesicles similarly activate immune responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
October 2023
Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Global spread of multidrug-resistant, hospital-adapted Staphylococcus epidermidis lineages underscores the need for new therapeutic strategies. Here we show that many S. epidermidis isolates belonging to these lineages display cryptic susceptibility to penicillin/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations under in vitro conditions, despite carrying the methicillin resistance gene mecA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Genet
February 2024
Centre for Pathogen Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) - the ability of microorganisms to adapt and survive under diverse chemical selection pressures - is influenced by complex interactions between humans, companion and food-producing animals, wildlife, insects and the environment. To understand and manage the threat posed to health (human, animal, plant and environmental) and security (food and water security and biosecurity), a multifaceted 'One Health' approach to AMR surveillance is required. Genomic technologies have enabled monitoring of the mobilization, persistence and abundance of AMR genes and mutations within and between microbial populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
September 2023
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; Centre for Pathogen Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
Outcomes of severe bacterial infections are determined by the interplay between host, pathogen, and treatments. While human genomics has provided insights into host factors impacting Staphylococcus aureus infections, comparatively little is known about S. aureus genotypes and disease severity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrob Agents Chemother
October 2023
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Acquisition of PBP2a (encoded by the gene) is the key resistance mechanism to β-lactams in . The gene can be easily detected by PCR assays; however, these tools will miss c-independent oxacillin resistance. This phenotype is mediated by mutations in cell wall metabolism genes that can be acquired during persistent infections under prolonged antibiotic exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathology
October 2023
Department of Microbiology, Monash Pathology, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic, Australia; Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia; Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Chronic respiratory tract infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the hallmark of established lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Antibiotic therapy can usually only suppress but not eradicate infection. In recent years, pulmonary infection with non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) species has also been increasing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
June 2023
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
The development of virus-like particle (VLP) based vaccines for human papillomavirus, hepatitis B and hepatitis E viruses represented a breakthrough in vaccine development. However, for dengue and COVID-19, technical complications, such as an incomplete understanding of the requirements for protective immunity, but also limitations in processes to manufacture VLP vaccines for enveloped viruses to large scale, have hampered VLP vaccine development. Selecting the right adjuvant is also an important consideration to ensure that a VLP vaccine induces protective antibody and T cell responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrob Agents Chemother
June 2023
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Daptomycin is a last-resort antibiotic used for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Treatment failure is commonly linked to accumulation of point mutations; however, the contribution of single mutations to resistance and the mechanisms underlying resistance remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selected during daptomycin therapy inactivates the highly conserved ClpP protease and is causing reduced susceptibility of MRSA to daptomycin, vancomycin, and β-lactam antibiotics as well as decreased expression of virulence factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
February 2023
Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Introduction: HIV-1 persists in resting CD4 T-cells despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Determining the cell surface markers that enrich for genetically-intact HIV-1 genomes is vital in developing targeted curative strategies. Previous studies have found that HIV-1 proviral DNA is enriched in CD4 T-cells expressing the immune checkpoint markers programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect
February 2023
CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France; Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69004, Lyon, France. Electronic address:
Objectives: We aimed at determining whether specific S. aureus strains cause infective endocarditis (IE) in the course of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB).
Methods: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 924 S.
Elife
June 2022
Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
During severe infections, moves from its colonising sites to blood and tissues and is exposed to new selective pressures, thus, potentially driving adaptive evolution. Previous studies have shown the key role of the locus in pathoadaptation; however, a more comprehensive characterisation of genetic signatures of bacterial adaptation may enable prediction of clinical outcomes and reveal new targets for treatment and prevention of these infections. Here, we measured adaptation using within-host evolution analysis of 2590 .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Immun
May 2022
Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
The modulation of programmed cell death (PCD) processes during bacterial infections is an evolving arms race between pathogens and their hosts. The initiation of apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis pathways are essential to immunity against many intracellular and extracellular bacteria. These cellular self-destructive mechanisms are used by the infected host to restrict and eliminate bacterial pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Immunol
April 2022
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:
Efficient generation of tissue-resident memory T (T) cells is essential for long-lived immune protection in barrier tissues. Peng et al. now show that the costimulatory molecule ICOS enhances CD8 T cell lodgment by promoting early tissue retention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Biomater Sci Eng
October 2021
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS
September 2021
Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity.
Purpose Of Review: To provide an overview of studies to date that have identified posttreatment controllers (PTCs) and to explore current evidence around clinical characteristics, immune effector function, and inflammatory and viral reservoir characteristics that may underlie the control mechanism.
Recent Findings: PTCs are broadly defined as individuals capable of maintaining control of HIV replication after cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). While starting ART early after HIV infection is associated with PTC, genetic disposition or CD8+ T-cell function do not appear to explain this phenomenon, but these features have not been exhaustively analyzed in PTCs.
Sex Transm Dis
December 2021
Department of Health.
This analysis of notified syphilis cases in Victoria, Australia between 2015 and 2018 shows that the syphilis epidemic in Victoria has become more generalized, with increases among heterosexual men and women residing in outer Melbourne suburbs-areas that differ from those of gay men.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Control Hosp Epidemiol
June 2022
Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
May 2023
Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Topical antibiotic preparations, such as fusidic acid (FA) or mupirocin, are used in the prevention and treatment of superficial skin infections caused by staphylococci. Previous genomic epidemiology work has suggested an association between the widespread use of topical antibiotics and the emergence of methicillin resistant in some settings. In this study, we provide experimental proof of co-selection for multidrug resistance in following exposure to FA or mupirocin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
December 2020
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
Antistaphylococcal penicillins such as oxacillin are the key antibiotics in the treatment of invasive methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) infections; however, gene-independent resistance adaptation can cause treatment failure. Despite its clinical relevance, the basis of this phenomenon remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the genomic adaptation to oxacillin at an unprecedented scale using a large collection of 503 clinical -negative isolates and 30 -adapted isolates from independent oxacillin exposures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
August 2020
Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
is among the leading causes of bacterial infections worldwide. The pathogenicity and establishment of infections are tightly linked to its ability to modulate host immunity. Persistent infections are often associated with mutant staphylococcal strains that have decreased susceptibility to antibiotics; however, little is known about how these mutations influence bacterial interaction with the host immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex Health
September 2019
Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic. 3053, Australia; and Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia.
This Special Issue of Sexual Health aims to collate the latest evidence base focussed on understanding the current epidemic and transmission of gonorrhoea, choice of treatment, molecular epidemiology application, concerns about antimicrobial resistance and alternative prevention and control for gonorrhoea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex Transm Infect
June 2020
Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Background: Outbreaks of hepatitis A are being reported more commonly among men who have sex with men (MSM) globally. Australia has also reported a sharp increase in the number of cases of hepatitis A in 2017. This study aimed to determine the level of immunity to hepatitis A among MSM attending a large urban sexual health clinic in Victoria in the lead up to recent outbreak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
December 2019
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
is a significant opportunistic pathogen of humans. Molecular studies in this species have been hampered by the presence of restriction-modification (RM) systems that limit introduction of foreign DNA. Here, we establish the complete genomes and methylomes for seven clinically significant, genetically diverse isolates and perform the first systematic genomic analyses of the type I RM systems within both and Our analyses revealed marked differences in the gene arrangement, chromosomal location, and movement of type I RM systems between the two species.
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