Necrosis of pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland with acute and chronic arteriolar occlusion.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland (PALG) is a benign neoplasm typically presenting with gradual, painless globe displacement and/or lid swelling. We report an atypical case of PALG in a 53-year old male presenting acutely, mimicking orbital cellulitis. Imaging demonstrated an extraconal rim-enhancing soft-tissue lesion medial to the left lacrimal gland, involving superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris.

Radon Exposure and Gestational Diabetes.

Importance: Understanding environmental risk factors for gestational diabetes (GD) is crucial for developing preventive strategies and improving pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: To examine the association of county-level radon exposure with GD risk in pregnant individuals.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, population-based cohort study used data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be (nuMoM2b) cohort, which recruited nulliparous pregnant participants from 8 US clinical centers between October 2010 and September 2013.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and live cell extrusion contribute to measles virus release from human airway epithelia.

Measles virus (MeV) is a highly contagious respiratory virus transmitted via aerosols. To understand how MeV exits the airways of an infected host, we use unpassaged primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells (HAE). MeV typically remains cell-associated in HAE and forms foci of infection, termed infectious centers, by directly spreading cell-to-cell.

Anti-bacterial Efficacy of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study.

Introduction Complex interactions between cariogenic bacteria and host factors modulate dental caries. , a gram-positive facultative anaerobe plays a prominent role in the initiation of caries. The ability of to adhere to salivary enamel pellicle results in an acidic local habitat for the organism.

Sarcolemma resilience and skeletal muscle health require O-mannosylation of dystroglycan.

Background: Maintaining the connection between skeletal muscle fibers and the surrounding basement membrane is essential for muscle function. Dystroglycan (DG) serves as a basement membrane extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor in many cells, and is also expressed in the outward-facing membrane, or sarcolemma, of skeletal muscle fibers. DG is a transmembrane protein comprised of two subunits: alpha-DG (α-DG), which resides in the peripheral membrane, and beta-DG (β-DG), which spans the membrane to intracellular regions.

Imbalanced VWF-ADAMTS13 axis contributes to the detrimental impact of a preceding respiratory tract infection on stroke.

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) caused by bacteria or viruses are associated with stroke severity. Recent studies have revealed an imbalance in the von Willebrand factor (VWF)-ADAMTS13 axis in patients with RTIs, including COVID-19. We examined whether this imbalance contributes to RTI-mediated stroke severity.

Genetic Concordance of Staphylococcus aureus From Oropharyngeal and Sputum Cultures in People With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: People with cystic fibrosis (CF) may not expectorate sputum at young ages or after they receive CFTR modulators. While oropharyngeal swabs are commonly used to test for lower airway pathogens, it is unknown whether Staphylococcus aureus from the oropharynx matches the strain(s) infecting the lungs. Our goal was to determine whether oropharyngeal and sputum isolates of S.

Irx1 mechanisms for oral epithelial basal stem cell plasticity during reepithelialization after injury.

The oral mucosa undergoes daily insults, and stem cells in the epithelial basal cell layer regenerate gingiva tissue to maintain oral health. The Iroquois Homeobox 1 (IRX1) protein is expressed in the stem cell niches in human/mouse oral epithelium and mesenchyme under homeostasis. We found that Irx1+/- heterozygous (Het) mice have delayed wound closure, delayed morphological changes of regenerated epithelium, and defective keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation during wound healing.

Bibliometric Analysis of the Composition of Landmark Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Research.

Background: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) is a relatively rare type of stroke, accounting for less than 3% of all stroke cases, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in young females. However, when promptly diagnosed and treated, it can have favorable outcomes. Several knowledge gaps remain regarding pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of CVST, so critical assessment of past and present research could help close these gaps or establish targeted future research goals.

A generalized objective CT-based method for quantifying articular fracture severity.

A CT-based method for objectively assessing fracture severity was previously developed and validated to address poor reliability in existing subjective fracture classification systems. The method involved quantifying the energy involved in creating a fracture. However, clinical utility of the method was hindered by reliance upon an intact contralateral CT and lengthy analysis time (8-10 h).

The effects of compassionate care on oral health outcomes: A scoping review.

Purpose: To access and synthesize the existing literature about the effects of compassionate care on oral health outcomes.

Methods: A scoping review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify articles from six electronic databases: MEDLINE via the PubMed interface, Embase, Age-Line, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane.

Results: Among 30 studies reporting on compassion in dental treatment, only two reported on the effects of compassionate care on oral health outcomes.

Growing problem: frailty in midlife adult trauma patients in the USA.

Background: Unintentional falls are the greatest cause of injury-related hospitalisation in adult patients. Frailty is an important contributor to fall risk and poor outcomes in both midlife and older adult trauma patients. Despite this, the incidence of frailty remains understudied among midlife adults, and the CDC fall screening guidelines are limited to older adults.

Voice Meets Swallowing: A Scoping Review of Therapeutic Connections.

Purpose: This scoping review aimed to explore the use of volitional voice tasks in assessing swallowing-related outcomes and to evaluate their therapeutic impact on swallowing disorders, including their effects on swallowing biomechanics.

Method: This scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A literature search was performed across multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus), and additional records were identified through manual searches.

Efficacy of Novel Digital-Based Surgical Guide in the Limited Interocclusal Distance.

Accurate implant placement is essential for achieving successful outcomes. To aid in this, digitally designed surgical guides have been introduced. Both closed-sleeve and open-sleeve designs are commonly utilized.

Techniques, Models, and Variables of Interest in Studies of Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Fiber Types: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Introduction: Laryngeal muscle physiology is integral to many speech, voice, swallowing, and respiratory functions. A key determinant of a muscle's contractile properties, including its fatigue profile and capacity for force production, is the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform that predominates in the muscle. This study surveys literature on the MyHC compositions of mammalian intrinsic laryngeal skeletal muscle to illustrate trends and gaps in laryngeal muscle fiber typing techniques, models, and concepts.

Cost-effectiveness of AI for pediatric diabetic eye exams from a health system perspective.

Autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) for pediatric diabetic retinal disease (DRD) screening has demonstrated safety, effectiveness, and the potential to enhance health equity and clinician productivity. We examined the cost-effectiveness of an autonomous AI strategy versus a traditional eye care provider (ECP) strategy during the initial year of implementation from a health system perspective. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was the main outcome measure.

Overcoming mental health challenges in higher education: a narrative review.

Background: Mental health among higher education students is a critical public health concern, with numerous studies documenting its impact on student well-being and academic performance. However, comprehensive research on the factors contributing to mental health deterioration, including barriers to seeking psychological help, remains insufficient. Gathering evidence on this topic is crucial to advancing policies, advocacy, and improving mental health services in higher education.

Assessing the Risk of Kidney Stone Development in Patients With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Treated With Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors.

Background: The prevalence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is rising with the global obesity epidemic. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), such as acetazolamide, have been shown to be effective in IIH but can also lead to kidney stone formation. This study evaluates the risk of kidney stone development in patients with IIH treated with CAIs.

Private-Sector Readmissions for Inpatient Surgery in Veterans Health Administration Hospitals.

Importance: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reports multiple indicators of hospital surgical performance, including hospital risk-standardized 30-day readmission rates (RSRRs). Currently, most routinely reported measures do not include readmissions that occur outside VHA hospitals. The impact of readmissions outside the VHA on hospital RSRR is not known.

Reduced ATR Signaling Contributes to Endothelial Dysfunction After Preeclampsia.

Background: Women who had preeclampsia (a history of preeclampsia) have a >4-fold risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared with women who had an uncomplicated pregnancy (history of healthy pregnancy). Despite the remission of clinical symptoms after pregnancy, vascular endothelial dysfunction persists postpartum, mediated in part by exaggerated Ang II (angiotensin II)-mediated constriction. However, the role of vasodilatory ATRs (Ang II type 2 receptors) in this dysfunction is unknown.