Concurrent Testing for COVID-19 and HIV Infection at 6 High-Volume Emergency Departments in a Priority Jurisdiction for Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruptions in access to routine HIV screening.

Setting: We assess HIV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing across 6 emergency departments (EDs) in Cook County, Illinois.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the number of SARS-CoV-2 tests, HIV screens, and the proportion of concurrent tests (encounters with both SARS-CoV-2 and HIV testing), correlating with diagnoses of new and acute HIV infection.

Developing a mission statement to reflect the diversity, equity, and inclusion values and priorities of a College of Nursing.

A mission statement represents an organization's values, expectations, and priorities and guides its strategic decision-making. This article describes an innovative and iterative process for developing mission statements to reflect and guide the diversity, equity, and inclusion values of schools and colleges of nursing. The process began with extensive input from the faculty during the fall 2021 faculty retreat using a World Café approach.

Multi-organ spatial stratification of 3-D dose distributions improves risk prediction of long-term self-reported severe symptoms in oropharyngeal cancer patients receiving radiotherapy: development of a pre-treatment decision support tool.

Purpose: Identify Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients at high-risk of developing long-term severe radiation-associated symptoms using dose volume histograms for organs-at-risk, via unsupervised clustering.

Material And Methods: All patients were treated using radiation therapy for OPC. Dose-volume histograms of organs-at-risk were extracted from patients' treatment plans.

Exploring Professional Anticipatory Socialization: Who Are the Messengers Influencing Future Physicians' Perceptions of Advanced Practice Providers?

Purpose: Evidence exists that physicians in training and practice often do not understand advanced practice providers (APPs) and their roles in professional practice. This study asked the question: What are the messages and messengers during the anticipatory professional socialization period that potentially influence how residents perceive APPs?

Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 residents in one academic setting. Transcripts were analyzed using an inductive approach to coding to identify the messages and sources of those messages (messengers) that had influenced how residents perceived APPs.

Bayesian Optimization of Booster Disinfection Scheduling in Water Distribution Networks.

Chlorine remains the most widely used disinfectant in drinking water treatment and distribution systems worldwide. To maintain a minimum residual throughout the distribution network, chlorine dosage needs to be regulated by optimizing the locations of chlorine boosters and their scheduling (i.e.

Describing the landscape of integrated clinical educational programs for PAs and NPs.

Purpose: Postgraduate clinical training (PCT) has been available to PAs since the 1970s and to NPs since at least 2007. Some programs now enroll PAs and NPs. Although this new training model appears to be expanding, little data about integrated PA/NP programs are available.

Men of color in the health professions: Proceedings from the 2022 ADEA Men of Color in the Health Professions Summit.

The purpose of the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Men of Color in the Health Professions Summit, held in August 2022 at ADEA's headquarters in Washington, DC, was to gather key thought leaders across a myriad of health professions and healthcare organizations and schools to cultivate intentional cross-disciplinary efforts in championing the need to address the low number of men of color entering not only dental, but also medicine, pharmacy, and health-related research careers. A pivotal follow-up step from the inaugural ADEA President's Symposium on Men of Color in the Health Professions at the March 2022 ADEA Annual Session & Exhibition in Philadelphia, the summit brought together academic health professions leaders, government agencies, health professions associations, and other key stakeholders to develop an action plan to support men of color entering the health professions. Moving the needle forward and increasing opportunities for underrepresented men of color in the health professions requires all academic health professions to work together.

Bupivacaine Dosing for Cesarean Delivery in Parturients of Short Stature: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

The ED50 and ED95 of spinal bupivacaine for cesarean delivery has been well described in the literature; however, parturients with extremes of stature have been excluded. Parturients of short stature are a height of ≤ 148 cm. This retrospective, case-control study evaluated anesthetic outcomes for parturients of short stature and controls who underwent cesarean delivery over a 10-year period.

Exploring knowledge, attitudes and perceived myths towards foetal programming and factors affecting it among the public and health professionals in Pakistan: a needs assessment study.

Objective: To explore knowledge, attitudes and practices of laypersons and health professionals towards foetal programming, and factors affecting it.

Methods: The mixed methods study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from January 20, 2021 to May 13, 2022, and comprised adults of either gender with access to social media platforms. Data was collected using an online survey questionnaire in English and Urdu developed to capture responses from a diverse pool of participants.

Undoing Institutional and Racial Trauma Through Interprofessional, Trauma-Informed Education.

Trauma-informed care is a transdisciplinary framework that existed well before 2020, but it is now more imperative to teach it and incorporate it into medical education. This paper describes a novel interprofessional curriculum and its focus on trauma-informed care-notably, including institutional and racial trauma-that was implemented by Yale University for medical, physician associate, and advanced practice registered nursing students.

Effect of psychostimulant medications on functional balance performance in persons with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A systematic review.

Rationale: Balance impairments are highly prevalent and underscreened in individuals with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychostimulant medications, used to treat ADHD symptoms, may improve balance performance in this population as demonstrated by a growing literature; however, there has not been a systematic investigation to understand the effects of psychostimulant medications on balance performance in individuals with ADHD. This systematic review examined the existing evidence to determine if psychostimulant medications improve balance performance in this population.

How to Write Powerful Letters of Recommendation.

Nurses at all levels may be asked to write a letter of recommendation to support colleagues' and students' career and academic advancement. This article outlines key steps and considerations in the letter-writing process.

Reduced endothelial caveolin-1 underlies deficits in brain insulin signalling in type 2 diabetes.

Patients with type 2 diabetes exhibit severe impairments in insulin signalling in the brain and are five times more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. However, what leads to these impairments is not fully understood. Here, we show reduced expression of endothelial cell caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in the db/db (Leprdb) mouse model of type 2 diabetes.

Head and neck cancer predictive risk estimator to determine control and therapeutic outcomes of radiotherapy (HNC-PREDICTOR): development, international multi-institutional validation, and web implementation of clinic-ready model-based risk stratification for head and neck cancer.

Background: Personalised radiotherapy can improve treatment outcomes of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), where currently a 'one-dose-fits-all' approach is the standard. The aim was to establish individualised outcome prediction based on multi-institutional international 'big-data' to facilitate risk-based stratification of patients with HNC.

Methods: The data of 4611 HNC radiotherapy patients from three academic cancer centres were split into four cohorts: a training (n = 2241), independent test (n = 786), and external validation cohorts 1 (n = 1087) and 2 (n = 497).

Back from Burnout: An Educator's Journey Toward Attitude Adjustment.

Healthy and supportive engagement between faculty and students is imperative for positive learning experiences. Multiple factors can impede engagement, including faculty burnout. After 30 years of teaching nursing, the author faced burnout.

Eyelid Blink Lagophthalmos and Blinking Velocity Changes After External Transcutaneous Dacrocystorhinostomy: A Prospective Study.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in eyelid blinking dynamics after external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR).

Design: Prospective before-and-after study with follow-up.

Methods: Patients undergoing external DCR surgery for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction were observed using high-speed videography that recorded eyelid blinking of both eyes for a total duration of 4 minutes at a rate of 120 frames per second.

Strategies to address structural and institutional barriers to success among students of color in nursing programs.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the significant disparities experienced by Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) in infections, hospitalizations, and deaths associated with the Coronavirus have underscored the imperative to increase the size and diversity of the healthcare workforce, including nursing. Academically focused pipeline development programs have led to some advances in minority recruitment and retention; however, emerging research highlights the importance of extra-academic factors that reduce the sense of belonging and persistence among underrepresented and minority students. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the diversity, equity, and inclusion goals and activities of a college of nursing located in a minority-serving institution.

Physical activity and vascular comorbidity in Black and White persons with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Physical activity and sedentary behavior have been associated with vascular comorbidity in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet the associations have not been thoroughly investigated in MS subpopulations as a function of race.

Objectives: This study examined if physical activity levels/sedentary time and vascular comorbidity differed between Black and White persons with MS, and further examined the associations between the variables within the two MS subpopulations.

Methods: Participants (n = 208) completed the comorbidity questionnaire in MS and wore accelerometers for seven days as a device-measure of physical activity levels/sedentary time.

Self-Reported Health Outcomes of Children and Youth with 10 Chronic Diseases.

Objectives: To identify pediatric patient-reported outcomes (PROs) that are associated with chronic conditions and to evaluate the effects of chronic disease activity on PROs.

Study Design: Participants (8-24 years old) and their parents were enrolled into 14 studies that evaluated Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System PROs across 10 chronic conditions-asthma, atopic dermatitis, cancer, cancer survivors, chronic kidney disease, Crohn's disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, lupus, sickle cell disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. PRO scores were contrasted with the US general population of children using nationally representative percentiles.

Nrf2 Is Required for Optimal Alveolar-Macrophage-Mediated Apoptotic Neutrophil Clearance after Oxidant Injury.

Recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes (also known as efferocytosis), primarily mediated by macrophages, are essential to terminate lung inflammatory responses and promote tissue repair after injury. The Nrf2 transcription factor is crucial for cytoprotection and host defense. Previously, we showed sustained neutrophilic lung inflammation in Nrf2-deficient () mice after hyperoxia-induced lung injury in vivo, but the mechanisms underlying this abnormal phenotype remain unclear.

The Influence of Sedentary Behavior on the Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Vascular Function in Older Adults with and without Chronic Kidney Disease.

Cognitive impairment and vascular dysfunction are common in older adults with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD). Older adults with and without CKD are also sedentary - a behavior associated with cognitive and vascular function. The objective of this study was to explore whether sedentary behavior influenced the relationship between cognitive and vascular function in older adults with preclinical cognitive impairment with and without CKD.

A Study Protocol for Increasing Access to Smoking Cessation Treatments for Low-Income Minority Smokers.

Smoking rates among low-income patients are double those of the general population. Access to health care is an essential social determinant of health. Federally qualified health care centers (FQHC) are government-supported and community-based centers to increase access to health care for non-insured and underinsured patients.