Learning Data Correction for Myoelectric Hand Based on "Survival of the Fittest".

In recent years, myoelectric hands have become multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) devices, which are controlled via machine learning methods. However, currently, learning data for myoelectric hands are gathered manually and thus tend to be of low quality. Moreover, in the case of infants, gathering accurate learning data is nearly impossible because of the difficulty of communicating with them.

A Bayesian many-facet Rasch model with Markov modeling for rater severity drift.

Fair performance assessment requires consideration of the effects of rater severity on scoring. The many-facet Rasch model (MFRM), an item response theory model that incorporates rater severity parameters, has been widely used for this purpose. Although a typical MFRM assumes that rater severity does not change during the rating process, in actuality rater severity is known to change over time, a phenomenon called rater severity drift.

Extraction of bouton-like structures from neuropil calcium imaging data.

The neuropil, the plexus of axons and dendrites, plays a critical role in operating the circuit processing of the nervous system. Revealing the spatiotemporal activity pattern within the neuropil would clarify how the information flows throughout the nervous system. However, calcium imaging to examine the circuit dynamics has mainly focused on the soma population due to their discrete distribution.

A test of indirect grounding of abstract concepts using multimodal distributional semantics.

How are abstract concepts grounded in perceptual experiences for shaping human conceptual knowledge? Recent studies on abstract concepts emphasizing the role of language have argued that abstract concepts are grounded indirectly in perceptual experiences and language (or words) functions as a bridge between abstract concepts and perceptual experiences. However, this "indirect grounding" view remains largely speculative and has hardly been supported directly by empirical evidence. In this paper, therefore, we test the indirect grounding view by means of multimodal distributional semantics, in which the meaning of a word (i.

Multiplex quadruple bioluminescent assay system.

Bioluminescence (BL) is unique cold body radiation of light, generated by luciferin-luciferase reactions and commonly used in various bioassays and molecular imaging. However, most of the peak emissions of BL populate the blue-yellow region and have broad spectral bandwidths and thus superimpose each other, causing optical cross-leakages in multiplex assays. This study synthesized a new series of coelenterazine (CTZ) analogues, named K-series, that selectively illuminates marine luciferases with unique, blue-shifted spectral properties.

Spatio-temporal categorization for first-person-view videos using a convolutional variational autoencoder and Gaussian processes.

In this study, HcVGH, a method that learns spatio-temporal categories by segmenting first-person-view (FPV) videos captured by mobile robots, is proposed. Humans perceive continuous high-dimensional information by dividing and categorizing it into significant segments. This unsupervised segmentation capability is considered important for mobile robots to learn spatial knowledge.

A Communication-Efficient Secure Routing Protocol for IoT Networks.

This paper proposes a secure routing protocol based on an ad hoc on-demand distance vector to simultaneously achieve communication efficiency and security. Many studies have discussed secure protocols. However, conventional protocols tend to exhibit low communication efficiencies owing to the long packets required by digital signatures, specifically in large-scale networks.

Material Translation Based on Neural Style Transfer with Ideal Style Image Retrieval.

The field of Neural Style Transfer (NST) has led to interesting applications that enable us to transform reality as human beings perceive it. Particularly, NST for material translation aims to transform the material of an object into that of a target material from a reference image. Since the target material (style) usually comes from a different object, the quality of the synthesized result totally depends on the reference image.

Self-Assembled Micro-Sized Hexagons Built from Short DNA in a Crowded Environment.

DNA programmable structures of various morphologies have attracted extensive attention due to their potential for materials science and biomedical applications. Here, we report the formation of micro-sized hexagons via assembly of only one pair of short double-stranded DNA in buffer-salt poly(ethylene glycol) solution. Each DNA strand had complementary bases with a two-base overhang.

A VS ultrasound diagnostic system with kidney image evaluation functions.

Purpose: An inevitable feature of ultrasound-based diagnoses is that the quality of the ultrasound images produced depends directly on the skill of the physician operating the probe. This is because physicians have to constantly adjust the probe position to obtain a cross section of the target organ, which is constantly shifting due to patient respiratory motions. Therefore, we developed an ultrasound diagnostic robot that works in cooperation with a visual servo system based on deep learning that will help alleviate the burdens imposed on physicians.

Remote sensing of vital signs by medical radar time-series signal using cardiac peak extraction and adaptive peak detection algorithm: Performance validation on healthy adults and application to neonatal monitoring at an NICU.

Background And Objective: Continuous monitoring of vital signs plays a pivotal role in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). In this paper, we present a system for monitoring fully non-contact medical radar-based vital signs to measure the respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), I:E ratio, and heart rate variability (HRV). In addition, we evaluated its performance in a physiological laboratory and examined its adaptability in an NICU.

Efficient Exciton Dislocation and Ultrafast Charge Extraction in CsPbI Perovskite Quantum Dots by Using Fullerene Derivative as Semiconductor Ligand.

CsPbI quantum dots (QDs) are of great interest in new-generation photovoltaics (PVs) due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. The long and insulative ligands protect their phase stability and enable superior photoluminescence quantum yield, however, limiting charge transportation and extraction in PV devices. In this work, we use a fullerene derivative with the carboxylic anchor group ([SAM]C60) as the semiconductor ligand and build the type II heterojunction system of CsPbI QDs and [SAM]C60 molecules.

Aurora Image Classification with Deep Metric Learning.

In recent years, neural networks have been increasingly used for classifying aurora images. In particular, convolutional neural networks have been actively studied. However, there are not many studies on the application of deep learning techniques that take into account the characteristics of aurora images.

Bioluminescence imaging using d-luciferin and its analogs for visualizing Bdnf expression in living mice; different patterns of bioluminescence signals using distinct luciferase substrates.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in numerous brain functions, including memory consolidation. Previously, we generated a Bdnf-Luciferase transgenic (Bdnf-Luc) mouse strain to visualize changes in Bdnf expression using in vivo bioluminescence imaging. We successfully visualized activity-dependent Bdnf induction in living mouse brains using a d-luciferin analog, TokeOni, which distributes to the brain and produces near-infrared bioluminescence.

A preliminary study on predictors of treatment response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with treatment-resistant depression in Japan.

Background: Brain imaging studies have reported that the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is associated with the activities of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC). However, few studies have been conducted in Japanese patients.

Aim: We aimed to identify brain regions associated with depressive symptom changes by measuring regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the DLPFC and VMPFC before and after the high-frequency rTMS to the left DLPFC in Japanese patients with treatment-resistant depression.

Exploring Mechanisms Underlying Unexplained Air-Bone Gaps Post-Myringoplasty: Temporal Bone Model and Finite Element Analysis.

Purpose: Air-bone gap (ABG) is an essential indicator of middle ear transfer function after myringoplasty. However, there is still uncertainty about the mechanisms behind unexplained ABGs in patients post-myringoplasty. The present study investigated these mechanisms using cadaveric temporal bone (TB) measurement and finite element (FE) modeling.

Muscle synergy analysis yields an efficient and physiologically relevant method of assessing stroke.

The Fugl-Meyer Assessment is widely used to test motor function in stroke survivors. In the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, stroke survivors perform several movement tasks and clinicians subjectively rate the performance of each task item. The individual task items in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment are selected on the basis of clinical experience, and their physiological relevance has not yet been evaluated.

Enhanced Red Persistent Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Induced by Orthogonal Structure Disruption during Electronic Relaxation.

Bright, persistent, room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) at long wavelengths is crucial for high-resolution imaging in the absence of autofluorescence. However, efficient long-wavelength RTP is difficult. Here, enhanced red RTP based on a unique mechanism was observed from deuterated dibenzo[g.

Ferromagnetic 2p-2p and 4f-2p Couplings in a Macrocycle from Two Biradicals and Two Gadolinium(III) Ions.

A new ground triplet biradical 2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-3,5-diyl bis(tert-butyl nitroxide) (iPr3BPBN) was prepared and characterized by means of room-temperature ESR spectroscopy displaying a zero-field splitting pattern together with a half-field signal. Complex formation with gadolinium(III) 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionate (hfac) afforded a macrocycle [{Gd(hfac)3(μ-iPr3BPBN)}2]. As the X-ray crystallographic analysis clarified, the biradical serves as a bridging ligand, giving a 16-membered ring, where each nitroxide radical oxygen atom is directly bonded to a Gd3+ ion.

HomotopicLI: Rationale, characteristics, and implications of a new threshold-free lateralization index of functional magnetic resonance imaging.

The reliable preoperative estimation of brain hemispheric asymmetry may be achieved through multiple lateralization indices using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Adding to our previously developed AveLI, we devised a novel threshold-free lateralization index, HomotopicLI, which computes a basic formula, (Left - Right) / (Left + Right), using voxel values of pairs located symmetrically in relation to the midsagittal line as the terms Left and Right, and averages them within the regions-of-interest. The study aimed to evaluate HomotopicLI before clinical applications.