The importance of cancer prevention policies to inform and guide preventative and screening measures for people with intellectual disabilities: The COST project "Cancer- Understanding Prevention in Intellectual Disabilities".

Cancer is a global public health problem, but its exact prevalence in people with intellectual disabilities is still uncertain. This population, with limited health skills and complex health needs, faces many challenges in cancer prevention, screening, timely diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, they are often underrepresented in general cancer prevention and screening policies across Europe, leading to widened disparities in health outcomes and premature mortality.

Converging diencephalic and hippocampal supports for episodic memory.

To understand the neural basis of episodic memory it is necessary to appreciate the significance of the fornix. This pathway creates a direct link between those temporal lobe and medial diencephalic sites responsible for anterograde amnesia. A collaboration with Andrew Mayes made it possible to recruit and scan 38 patients with colloid cysts in the third ventricle, a condition associated with variable fornix damage.

Protein Kinase C (PKC)-mediated TGF-β Regulation in Diabetic Neuropathy: Emphasis on Neuro-inflammation and Allodynia.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diabetes has been increasing steadily over the past few decades. In developing countries, it is the cause of increased morbidity and mortality. Diabetes and its complications are associated with education, occupation, and income across all levels of socioeconomic status.

The influence of pH and salt concentration on the microstructure and mechanical properties of meniscus extracellular matrix-derived implants.

Meniscus-related injuries are a common orthopedic challenge with an increasing incidence in the population. While the preservation of viable meniscal tissue is the preferred approach in repair strategies, complex or total traumatic lesions may require alternative therapeutic approaches such as meniscal reconstruction using allografts or engineered equivalents. Although clinical studies suggest promising outcomes with the use of acellular implants, further development is needed to improve their biological and mechanical requirements.

Antitumor Immunity Mediated by Photodynamic Therapy Using Injectable Chitosan Hydrogels for Intratumoral and Sustained Drug Delivery.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an anticancer therapy with proven efficacy; however, its application is often limited by prolonged skin photosensitivity and solubility issues associated with the phototherapeutic agents. Injectable hydrogels which can effectively provide intratumoral delivery of photosensitizers with sustained release are attracting increased interest for photodynamic cancer therapies. However, most of the hydrogels for PDT applications are based on systems with high complexity, and often, preclinical validation is not provided.

Age-related hearing loss associated with differences in the neural correlates of feature binding in visual working memory.

The underlying neural mechanisms underpinning the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and dementia remain unclear. A limitation has been the lack of functional neuroimaging studies in ARHL cohorts to help clarify this relationship. In the present study, we investigated the neural correlates of feature binding in visual working memory with ARHL (controls = 14, mild HL = 21, and moderate or greater HL = 23).

Obesity, Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis: Impact on Clinical Outcomes in the Operative Management of Crohn's Disease.

Background: Obesity, sarcopenia, and myosteatosis in inflammatory bowel disease may confer negative outcomes, but their prevalence and impact among patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have not been systematically studied. The aim of this study was to assess nutritional status and body composition among patients undergoing resectional surgery for CD and determine impact on operative outcomes.

Methods: Consecutive patients with CD undergoing resection from 2000 to 2018 were studied.

Access and use of immunoglobulins in secondary supportive cancer care: A systematic literature review.

Background: Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) benefits patients with primary immuno deficiency (PID) originating from the innate or polygenic defects in the immune system. However, evidence supporting their therapeutic role is not as explicit in secondary immuno deficiency (SID) resulting from the treatment of haematological malignancies.

Objectives: This study aimed to (1) create a dataset of relevant research papers, which explore the use of IgRT in SID for analysis, (2) assess the risk of bias within this dataset and (3) study the characteristics of these papers.

Forty years of Helicobacter pylori infection and changes in findings at esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Background: It is 40 years since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori infection. Over that time major changes have occurred in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) findings. The aim of this review is to describe these changes, and the important role H.

A Heterometallic Porphyrin Dimer as a Potential Quantum Gate: Magneto-Structural Correlations and Spin Coherence Properties.

In the development of two-qubit quantum gates, precise control over the intramolecular spin-spin interaction between molecular spin units plays a pivotal role. A weak but measurable exchange coupling is especially important for achieving selective spin addressability that allows controlled manipulation of the computational basis states |00⟩ |01⟩ |10⟩ |11⟩ by microwave pulses. Here, we report the synthesis and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) study of a heterometallic meso-meso (m-m) singly-linked V O-Cu porphyrin dimer.

Oesophageal pH capsule retention: case report and proposed endoscopic management.

Introduction And Importance: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common chronic condition affecting up to 20 %. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is considered 1st line therapy however 10-40 % of patients do not respond adequately subsequently requiring further investigations. One of these investigations includes oesophageal pH testing via a wireless capsule placed into the oesophagus, which may remain there for up to 96 h before being self-displaced.

Revisiting the bonding evolution theory: a fresh perspective on the ammonia pyramidal inversion and bond dissociations in ethane and borazane.

This work offers a comprehensive and fresh perspective on the bonding evolution theory (BET) framework, originally proposed by Silvi and collaborators [X. Krokidis, S. Noury and B.

Preclinical to clinical translation for intervertebral disc repair: Effects of species-specific scale, metabolism, and matrix synthesis rates on cell-based regeneration.

Background: A significant hurdle for potential cell-based therapies is the subsequent survival and regenerative capacity of implanted cells. While many exciting developments have demonstrated promise preclinically, cell-based therapies for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration fail to translate equivalent clinical efficacy.

Aims: This work aims to ascertain the clinical relevance of both a small and large animal model by experimentally investigating and comparing these animal models to human from the perspective of anatomical scale and their cellular metabolic and regenerative potential.

Innate immune dysregulation in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

MIS-C is a systemic inflammation disorder with poorly characterised immunopathological mechanisms. We compared changes in the systemic immune response in children with MIS-C (n = 12, 5-13 years) to healthy controls (n = 14, 5-15 years). Analysis was done in whole blood treated with LPS.

Changes in anticoagulation practice in subjects admitted with stroke associated with atrial fibrillation, following introduction of direct oral anticoagulants over 2013-2021.

Background: The adoption of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has changed practice in prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF). We used Irish data national data on stroke and anticoagulation therapy over 9 years to investigate changes in anticoagulation practice and potential consequences on stroke prevalence and thrombolysis.

Methods: AF, anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and stroke data from the Irish National Audit of Stroke (INAS) 2013-2021 were reviewed.

Knowledge assessment on cleft lip and palate among recently graduated dentists: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The complex presentation, associated co-morbidities and multi-disciplinary requirements dictate the requirement for in-depth knowledge in order to effectively manage patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). We aimed to develop a validated questionnaire for cleft lip and palate knowledge assessment and to evaluate the knowledge of cleft lip and palate among a group of recently-graduated dentists.

Materials And Methods: A multiple-site, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted.

Investigation of genomic mutations and their association with phenotypic resistance to new and repurposed drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex clinical isolates.

Background: WGS has the potential to detect resistance-associated mutations and guide treatment of MDR TB. However, the knowledge base to confidently interpret mutations associated with the new and repurposed drugs is sparse, and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing is required to detect resistance.

Methods: We screened 900 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genomes from Ireland, a low TB incidence country, for mutations in 13 candidate genes and assessed their association with phenotypic resistance to bedaquiline, clofazimine, linezolid, delamanid and pretomanid.

Postgraduate orthodontic education: An international perspective on content and satisfaction levels.

Background: There is significant international variation in the postgraduate orthodontic training. The aim of this study was to obtain information relating to the design, content, and delivery of formal postgraduate orthodontic training internationally. Moreover, we aimed to evaluate the perception of orthodontists towards their training as well as identifying factors associated with an improved level of satisfaction.

Perinatal Depression: A Guide to Detection and Management in Primary Care.

Introduction: Existing guidelines for primary care clinicians (PCCs) on the detection and management of perinatal depression (PD) contain important gaps. This review aims to provide PCCs with a summary of clinically relevant evidence in the field.

Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted by searching PubMed and PsycINFO for articles published between 2010 to 2023.

Personalized lifetime prediction of survival and treatment benefit in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: The LIFE-HF model.

Aims: Although trials have proven the group-level effectiveness of various therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), important differences in absolute effectiveness exist between individuals. We developed and validated the LIFEtime-perspective for Heart Failure (LIFE-HF) model for the prediction of individual (lifetime) risk and treatment benefit in patients with HFrEF.

Methods And Results: Cox proportional hazards functions with age as the time scale were developed in the PARADIGM-HF and ATMOSPHERE trials (n = 15 415).

Seeing a Talking Face Matters: Gaze Behavior and the Auditory-Visual Speech Benefit in Adults' Cortical Tracking of Infant-directed Speech.

In face-to-face conversations, listeners gather visual speech information from a speaker's talking face that enhances their perception of the incoming auditory speech signal. This auditory-visual (AV) speech benefit is evident even in quiet environments but is stronger in situations that require greater listening effort such as when the speech signal itself deviates from listeners' expectations. One example is infant-directed speech (IDS) presented to adults.